Suchergebnisse

The survival of the commons is closely associated with the potential to find ways to strengthen contemporary management systems, making them more responsive to a number of complexities, like the dynamics of ecosystems and related, but often fragmented, institutions. A discussion on the desirability of finding ways to establish so-called cross-scale linkages has recently been vitalised in the literature. In the same vein, concepts like adaptive management, co-management and adaptive co-management have been discussed. In essence, these ways of organizing management incorporate an implicit assumption about the establishment of social networks and is more closely related to network governance and social network theory, than to political administrative hierarchy. However, so far, attempts to incorporate social network analysis (SNA) in this literature have been rather few, and not particularly elaborate. In this paper, a framework for such an approach will be presented. The framework provides an analytical skeleton for the understanding of joint management and the establishment of cross-scale linkages. The relationships between structural network properties - like density, centrality and heterogeneity - and innovation in adaptive co-management systems are highlighted as important to consider when crafting institutions for natural resource management. The paper makes a theoretical and methodological contribution to the understanding of co-management, and thereby to the survival of the commons.

"Venezuela: 4th & 5th republics" (Neira Fernández, Enrique) ; Presentation ; I. Conceptual frame ; Challenges and modernization ; Reforms of the state ; Governance ; Genuineness ; Decentralization ; Democracy ; Leadership ; Militarism ; Democratic caesarism ; Populism ; Violence ; Revolution ; Socialism ; II. The fourth republic (Before Chávez) ; A look back ; The economic thing ; The social thing ; The political thing ; The ethical thing ; III. The fith republic (In the times of Chávez) ; Introduction ; The strong man ; The process. Political ideology ; The process. Characteristics ; The beautiful revolution ; Gusty future ; Conclusion. The quadrature of the circle ; neira@intercable.net.ve ; Nivel analítico

AbstractIn the aftermath of the 7th July 2005 bombings in London, communication with those searching desperately for relatives and friends was one-way or non-existent. The authorities dealing with the processes of the identification of the bodies of those killed or the treatment of those injured adopted procedures and protocols derived from emergency or disaster planning that were framed in terms of an instrumentalisation or objectification of persons. This article traces how these procedures reflect biopolitical forms of global governance that involve the production of life as 'bare life' and details how inappropriate and brutal these forms of governance seemed both to those searching for the missing and to the London Assembly 7th July Review Committee. It concludes that attention needs to be paid to the proliferation of such forms of politics as administration and the objectification they entail before we reach a stage where all life becomes nothing more than bare life, life with no political voice as such.

This essay traces colonial American institutional development between 1570 and the 1720s. An American manner of government characterized by dual authority and supervised, constitutionally limited lawmaking produced the Revolution and the commitment to federalism. The essay synthesizes nearly a century of scholarship on imperial and colonial institutional history. Focusing on practices of governance, the essay explains the delegation of authority under charters and patents, historical development of colonial government, and significance of the corporation or corporate colony, proprietary colony, and royal colony. The essay rejects the executive-legislative-judicial (separation of powers) model for colonial governance. Instead, the essay discusses governance by the Governor and Council, Assembly, and Privy Council. Turning to the culture of law in the settlements, the essay explores colonial courts (emphasizing the courts as a branch of executive or legislative authority), legal practitioners (exploring early legal education and attorney and lawyer regulation), and colonial law (tracing the debates over the relationship of English law to colonial law and the repugnancy principle, as well as surveying early American legal publishing). An extensive bibliographic essay explaining and surveying relevant primary sources and secondary works accompanies the essay at pp. 602-614. The essay provides a useful summary for scholars interested in colonial constitutionalism, colonial settler studies, imperial governance, the history of federalism and judicial review, or for those readers wishing an overview of American colonial government.

Der folgende Beitrag diskutiert den Stellenwert von Bildungsstandards im Kontext der neuen Steuerungsmodelle, die unter «Educational Governance» firmieren. Educational Governance unterscheidet sich von linearen Steuerungsmodellen durch eine bessere Abbildung der tatsächlichen, akteurorientierten Gestaltungsweisen des Bildungswesens auf mehreren Handlungsebenen. Bildungsstandards repräsentieren dabei das Bemühen, den Akteuren klar zu machen, was die zu erreichenden Ergebnisse ihrer Arbeit sein müssen. In der Gestalt von Lernzielen war dies immer schon Teil der schulischen Angebotsplanung. Welche Unterschiede dazu heute in der Diskussion sind, wird herausgearbeitet. Dabei zeigt sich, dass Bildungsstandards im Verbund mit einer entfalteten Testpraxis zu einem Paradigmenwechsel von der «Systemsteuerung» hin zu einer neuen «Governance» führen können. Deren Implikationen wollen gut überlegt sein.

A Conference on Corporate Governance & Globalization, organized by Russia's National Council on Corporate Governance with participation by the World Bank, was held in Moscow, 30-31 May 2008. The meeting addressed corporate governance challenges facing Russia; national regulatory measures & enforcement mechanisms in capital markets; the impact of the investment climate on the corporate governance system in the context of globalization; corporate governance in state-controlled entities; & the role of BRIC countries in the global capital flow & anti-corruption practices. With increasing globalization, it is imperative that governments as well as companies meet high standards of corporate governance. Adapted from the source document.

Die Autoren skizzieren in ihrer Einleitung zum vorliegenden Sammelband folgende grundlegende Aspekte von Regional Governance: (1) Aufwertung der Selbstverantwortung von Regionen als politische Handlungsebene, (2) intersektorale Kooperation durch regionale Netzwerke und Partnerschaften, (3) Anreizsteuerung durch Finanzen, Wettbewerb und Evaluation. Diese Merkmale werden den Autoren zufolge gegenwärtig auch bei der Entwicklung ländlicher Räume stark diskutiert, wo das Konzept einer "integrierten ländlichen Entwicklung" vor allem auf politischer Ebene an Bedeutung gewinnt. Die Autoren beschreiben ferner das Förderungsprogramm und die Begleitforschung zu "Regionen Aktiv - Land gestaltet Zukunft" des Bundesministeriums für Verbraucherschutz, Ernährung und Landwirtschaft. Sie stellen außerdem die einzelnen Beiträge des Bandes kurz vor, der die wichtigsten Ergebnisse der Begleitforschung zu "Regionen Aktiv" enthält und detaillierte Einblicke in die empirischen Ausprägungen von Regional Governance gibt. (ICI)