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The year 1984 may have started a new phase in the international migration movement of Maltese. It registered the lowest number of emigrants and return migrants in a year - 629 and 654 respectively - for the past forty years and thus yielded, practically, a net emigration of zero. This latter result rendered operative one of the basic assumptions underlying population projections in the Maltese Islands introduced by government economic planners in 1977. If this condition persists throughout the eighties, the Maltese population will grow at about 0.9% annually, that is, at the average rate of natural increase for the past years. ; peer-reviewed

In 2011, significant reforms to Canada's Family Class for immigration began with the freezing of applications for parent and grandparent sponsorship. In May 2013, a package of reforms to the Family Class was proposed, which would impose more stringent conditions for the sponsorship of parents, grandparents, and dependent children under the Family Class. In response, a coalition of civic stakeholders in Ontario mobilized through the "My Canada Includes All Families" campaign to lobby Citizenship and Immigration Canada (CIC) to stop the implementation of these changes. This paper analyzes the package of reforms and explores the impacts that past and proposed reforms might have upon the value of the family unit in Canada. This paper aims to support the "My Canada Includes All Families" campaign by presenting practical research to illustrate the benefits that parents, grandparents, and family reunification have for the Canadian social fabric in terms of social capital. Key words: policy reform, family reunification, social capital, economic rationale, racialization

Emigraciones y inmigraciones en Grecia, evoluciones recientes y aspectos políticos
Evangelos PTEROUDIS
Desde la mitad de los años setenta, el saldo migratorio de Grecia es positivo. Esto se debe no solo al retorno de los emigrantes griegos de Europa y de otros continentes pero también a la entrada de inmigrantes extranjeros. Si, hasta el final de los años ochenta esta inmigración era todavía dèbil, la apertura de los países del Este la ha amplificado sensiblemente, aumentando la complejidad de los movimientos. Para describir las migraciones que interesan a Grecia, se puede hablar de su territorio como de un espacio de trabajo, de circulación y de establecimiento para ciudadanos de la C.E.E. y para inmigrados del resto del mundo, légales o clandestinos. Pero se puede también cualificarlo como un espacio de retiro, de refugio o de pasaje, tanto para refugiados como para personans que pertenencen a minorías de habla griega.
Despues de esta presentación de los diferentes movimientos, hemos tentado un enfoque estadístico del fenómeno y una presentación de las cifras por país de origen, seguido de una apreciación global de la importancia económica y social de los movimientos migratorios en Grecia. Por fin, volveremos a hablar del papel del Estado griego en estos fenómenos migratorios así como de las coacciones y presiones que se ejercen en este periodo de construcción de una política migratoria.

Togman provides a comparative analysis of French and U.S. immigration policies from 1945 to 2000. He explores why nations implement the immigration policies they do, why some governments allow or even encourage large-scale immigration while others restrict it, why some states shift from liberal to restrictive entry policies and vice versa.||Focusing on critical historical junctures, Togman illustrates how different institutional structures in France and the United States led these countries to implement divergent entry policies. Political institutions are shown to act as an intervening variabl

The United States prides itself on being a nation of immigrants, and the country has a long history of successfully absorbing people from across the globe. The integration of immigrants and their children contributes to our economic vitality and our vibrant and ever changing culture. We have offered opportunities to immigrants and their children to better themselves and to be fully incorporated into our society and in exchange immigrants have become Americans - embracing an American identity and citizenship, protecting our country through service in our military, fostering technological innovation, harvesting its crops, and enriching everything from the nation's cuisine to its universities, music, and art. Today, the 41 million immigrants in the United States represent 13.1 percent of the U.S. population. The U.S.-born children of immigrants, the second generation, represent another 37.1 million people, or 12 percent of the population. Thus, together the first and second generations account for one out of four members of the U.S. population. Whether they are successfully integrating is therefore a pressing and important question. Are new immigrants and their children being well integrated into American society, within and across generations? Do current policies and practices facilitate their integration? How is American society being transformed by the millions of immigrants who have arrived in recent decades. To answer these questions, this new report from the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine summarizes what we know about how immigrants and their descendants are integrating into American society in a range of areas such as education, occupations, health, and language