Suchergebnisse

In history, the idea of uncertainty has taken on many forms, both in the methodological field, with for example the definition of historical sources as traces, and in epistemological terms, with the major question of causality or even ontological with the infinite extension of the "historian's territory". Nevertheless, more than an operative notion perhaps, it has long remained as an invariant, a kind of epistemological madguard (a "residue" according to the term adopted by Marc Bloch) of historical knowledge. The question of the historicization of the idea of uncertainty in the historical discipline is related to the place assigned to it in the epistemology of historians, always in tension with the desire for scientificity and truth that has long structured the disciplinarization and professionalization of history. Where do we place the cursor between uncertainty and truth for historical knowledge? This could be the guiding question to periodize the place of the idea of uncertainty in history and roughly distinguish after a predominantly scientist phase linked to the professionalization of the historical discipline (19th-first 20th century), a phase of doubts about history's ability to tell the truth, which became clear at the end of the 1970s and could conveniently be characterized as the great reversal of uncertainty in history, which, from an embarrassing limitation to reducing as much as possible, became an operating principle for defatalising history. However, it will be necessary to question this periodization, more or less modelled on the general evolutions of the sciences, marked in particular by the rise in power of probabilistic and indeterministic approaches and more or less directly related to what is perceived by the majority as the rise of uncertainty in the historical world itself ; this will require taking into account another level of analysis that adds to the weight of uncertainty in history, the moral and political dimension around the question of the social function of history.

Intro -- Contents -- Introduction from the Editor -- Giorgi Melikishvili and His Book "History of Ancient Georgia" -- Acknowledgments -- Preface -- Abbreviations -- Introduction -- 1. To the Study of the Ancient History of Georgia in the Historiography of Pre-Revolution and Soviet Periods -- 2. Sources -- 3. Ancient Georgian Historical Chronicles "Moktsevai Kartlisai" and "Kartlis Tskhovreba" as Historical Sources for The History of Ancient Georgia -- a) "Moktsevai Kartlisai" -- b) "Kartlis Tskhovreba" -- 4. List of Kings in the Chronicle "Moktsevai Kartlisai" and the Chronology of the History of Kartli Kingdom -- 5. Materials on the Ethnogenesis of the Georgian Nation -- a) To the Question on the Ethnic Composition of the Population of Historical Colchis -- b) East Georgian Tribes and the Process of Ethnic Consolidation of Georgian Tribes -- Chapter I -- Basic Stages of Social and Cultural Development of the Population of Prehistoric Georgia -- 1. Georgia in the Pre-Historic Period -- 2. Formation of a Primitive Society on the Territory of Georgia. Matriarchal Era -- 3. Transition from Matriarchy to Patriarchy. Eneolithic Culture in Georgia -- 4. Strengthening of Patriarchal Relations. Initial Stage of Bronze Metallurgy in Georgia -- 5. The Epoch of the Middle Bronze in Georgia. Local Centers of the Early Stage of Military Democracy -- 6. Neighboring to Georgia Regions in the Middle of the Second Millennium B.C. -- 7. Fall of Mitanni and Hittite Kingdoms. Penetration of Georgian Tribes into Asia Minor -- 8. Formation of the Big Union of Tribes in South-Western Georgia: Diauehi (Daiaeni) -- 9. Formation of the Ancient Union of Colchian Tribes. Military Clashes of Assyrians with the Union of Tribes of Colchis (Qilḫa) -- Chapter II.

"The abuse of history is common and quite possibly once more on the rise. Although this is well documented, there is no general theory that enables historians to identify, prove, explain, and evaluate the many types of abuse of history. In this book, the author presents such a theory. Reflecting on the responsible use of history, the author identifies the duties that the living has toward the dead and analyzes the rights to memory and history necessary to fulfill these duties. He concludes his argument by proposing a code of ethics as a guide for responsible historians. This work is vital for any historian who wants to oppose and prevent the abuse of history."-- Book jacket

The missing trans history on museum walls

The subject of the course that I shall offer this year at the Collège de France is the economy and society—or, better, the traditional ecodemography of the world long gone—as they "functioned," if one may use this term, from the fourteenth to the eighteenth century, or, more precisely, from 1300-1320 to 1720-1730. Forsake of convenience, this world will be de-limited by the present frontiers of France—a decision of pure form with no implication of tri-color or fleur-de-lys. We shall be concerned with about 15 to 20 million people in every period, although there will be long intervals between actual dates. To be sure, a similar study could be carried out (and probably will be if it has not been already) among our neighbors: Germany, Italy, without a doubt Spain, but possibly not the British Isles. One of the paradoxes of such an undertaking is that the Kingdom of England, where The World We Have Lost was first defined with such penetrating insight, is of all western countries the one where that world was the least typical and the least stable.