Suchergebnisse

El poder es sinónimo de fuerza, de dominio, pero también de capacidad de persuasión, de habilidad para incluir sobre los individuos y los grupos, y su visibilidad mayor se dacomo poder político, es decir, como el ejercicio de funciones de mando y control dequienes ocupan cargos representativos en el gobierno de una nación. Pero, históricamente, frente o junto al poder, surge un contrapoder, que tiene comoobjetivo desarrollar alternativas al poder constituido, buscando un equilibrio, inclusocorregir o eliminar el uso y abuso del poder. Entre la Ilustración y el Romanticismo lasformas tradicionales de ejercicio del poder fueron cuestionadas y sufrieron unaimportante transformación, generada casi siempre desde el contrapoder. Al estudio – desde la perspectiva de la historia, la literatura, el pensamiento y el arte – delpoder y del contrapoder, así como a su visibilidad, simbolismo y representación, sededican los capítulos de este libro. [Texto de la editorial]

Since the early work on defining and analyzing resilience in domains such as engineering, ecology and psychology, the concept has gained significant traction in many fields of research and practice. It has also become a very powerful justification for various policy goals in the water sector, evident in terms like flood resilience, river resilience, and water resilience. At the same time, a substantial body of literature has developed that questions the resilience concept's systems ontology, natural science roots and alleged conservatism, and criticizes resilience thinking for not addressing power issues. In this study, we review these critiques with the aim to develop a framework for power‐sensitive resilience analysis. We build on the three faces of power to conceptualize the power to define resilience. We structure our discussion of the relevant literature into five questions that need to be reflected upon when applying the resilience concept to social–hydrological systems. These questions address: (a) resilience of what, (b) resilience at what scale, (c) resilience to what, (d) resilience for what purpose, and (e) resilience for whom; and the implications of the political choices involved in defining these parameters for resilience building or analysis. Explicitly considering these questions enables making political choices explicit in order to support negotiation or contestation on how resilience is defined and used.

This article reports a bibliometric analysis of 44 articles chosen from 55 articles on science teacher identity studies, published in the Scopus database from 2011 to 2019. The study analysed the trend of science teacher identity based on the number of citations, publication year, country contribution, and co-occurrence of keywords in these journal articles. This study showed that there was an increase in the publication of the topic of identity for science teachers in the last ten years. The results of the analysis showed that studies related to science teacher identity had been carried out in various countries where the United States is the country with the most contributions. We also identified core research topics concerning science teachers' identity, such as identity development, professional identity, identity context and implication, which receive more attention than the other topics. This study concluded with suggestions for future projects to consider exploring the intersection of agency and practical work with identity and between social categories, especially in elementary education.

Provides graduate students in the social sciences with the basic skills they need to estimate, interpret, present, and publish basic regression models using contemporary standards. Key features of the book include:interweaving the teaching of statistical concepts with examples developed for the course from publicly-available social science data or drawn from the literature. thorough integration of teaching statistical theory with teaching data processing and analysis.teaching of Stata and use of chapter exercises in which students practice programming and interpretation on the same data set. A

To avoid credit fraud, social credit within an economic system has become an increasingly important criterion for the evaluation of economic agent activity and guaranteeing the development of a market economy with minimal supervision costs. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the social credit literature from the perspectives of theoretical foundation, scoring methods, and regulatory mechanisms. The study considers the credit of various economic agents within the social credit system such as countries (or governments), corporations, and individuals and their credit variations in online markets (i.e., network credit). A historical review of the theoretical (or model) development of economic agents is presented together with significant works and future research directions. Some interesting conclusions are summarized from the literature review. (1) Credit theory studies can be categorized into traditional and emerging schools both focusing on the economic explanation of social credit in conjunction with creation and evolution mechanisms. (2) The most popular credit scoring methods include expert systems, econometric models, artificial intelligence (AI) techniques, and their hybrid forms. Evaluation indexes should vary across different target agents. (3) The most pressing task for regulatory mechanisms that supervise social credit to avoid credit fraud is the establishment of shared credit databases with consistent data standards.

AbstractIan Duncan's Human Forms and Devin Griffiths's Age of Analogy attempt to illuminate inter­actions between evolutionary theories and literature from the late eighteenth century up through the nineteenth century. They do not advance knowledge about this subject. Both authors treat evolution as a semi-fictional construction that owes more to literary inspiration than to the scientific method, and they reduce literature to a battleground for ideological forces. They write using dense terminology, shifting rhetoric, and flights of verbal performance that obscure their claims. In all these respects, they are representative of the field "science and literature"-and particularly of the subfield that studies evolution and literature. I analyze the history of this subfield of literary scholarship and attempt to explain how it developed into its present form. The subfield was founded in the 1980s on the basis of poststructuralist theory and has never escaped the core assumptions of that theory: our minds cannot reach outside culture; our thoughts, behaviors, and ideas about the world are primarily the result of our culture; some cultural traditions are oppressive while others are liberating; and the meaning of texts cannot be determined. Though Duncan and Griffiths represent the highest level of schol­arship on evolution and literature, I argue that they fail their fascinating subject by offering very little that is new within their own field, and nothing that is of value to other fields.