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BACKGROUND: There is currently no comprehensive legislation protecting non-smokers and children from second-hand smoke (SHS) exposure in private cars at the European Union (EU) level. This study aims to assess smokers' support for smoke-free cars legislation in six EU countries. METHODS: Data come from the EUREST-PLUS ITC Europe Surveys: Wave 1 (2016, n = 6011) and Wave 2 (2018, n = 6027) conducted in Germany, Greece, Hungary, Poland, Romania and Spain. Support for smoke-free cars carrying pre-school children and non-smokers and voluntary implementation of smoke-free cars were assessed among adult smokers. Generalized estimating equations models were used to assess changes in support between waves. RESULTS: In 2018, 96.3% [95% confidence interval (CI) 95.4-97.0%] of the overall sample supported smoke-free legislation for cars carrying pre-school children, representing an increase of 2.4 percentage points in comparison to 2016. Smoke-free legislation for cars transporting non-smokers was supported by 85.2% (95% CI 83.1-87.1%) of smokers' in 2016 and 90.2% (95% CI 88.6-91.7%) in 2018. Among smokers who owned cars, there was a significant 7.2 percentage points increase in voluntary implementation of smoke-free cars carrying children from 2016 (60.7%, 95% CI 57.2-64.0%) to 2018 (67.9%, 95% CI 65.1-70.5%). All sociodemographic groups of smokers reported support higher than 80% in 2018. CONCLUSION: The vast majority of smokers in all six EU countries support smoke-free legislation for cars carrying pre-school children and non-smokers. This almost universal support across countries and sociodemographic groups is a clear indicator of a window of opportunity for the introduction of comprehensive legislation to protect non-smokers and children from SHS exposure in cars.

In the last decade, many porcine epidemic diarrhoea (PED) outbreaks have been reported by several countries in Asia whereas only a few Member States of the European Union (EU) have reported PED clinical cases and/or PED virus (PEDV)-seropositive animals. This alphacoronavirus was first reported in the USA in May 2013, followed by rapid spread throughout the country and outbreaks reported by several countries in the Americas. The recent PEDV-EU isolates have high level of sequence identity to PEDV-Am isolates. Based on nucleotide sequencing, multiple variants of PEDV are circulating in Europe, the Americas and Asia but any difference in virulence and antigenicity is currently unknown. Serological cross-reactivity has been reported between PEDV isolated in Europe and in the Americas; however no data regarding cross-protection are available. The impact of different PEDV strains is difficult to compare between one country and another, since impact is dependent not only on pathogenicity but also on factors such as biosecurity, farm management, sanitary status or herd immune status. However, the clinical signs of PEDV infections in naive pigs are similar in different countries with mortalities up to 100% in naive newborn piglets. The impact of recently reported PED outbreaks in Asia and the USA seems to be more severe than what has been described in Europe. Infected animals, faeces, feed and objects contaminated with faeces are matrices that have been reported to transmit PEDV between farms. Infectious PEDV has been detected in spray-dried porcine plasma (SDPP) in one study but the origin of the infectious PEDV in SDPP is not clear. Detection of porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) has been reported in a few countries but only limited testing has been done. Based on the currently available information, it seems that PDCoV would have a lower impact than PEDV.

The paper presents a critical discussion of the CJEU judgment in the JZ case (C 806/18), in which the Court interpreted Article 11 of Directive 2008/115 that regulates entry ban issuance. The author asks a question of whether an entry ban as a measure limiting the right to free movement has a moral and legal ground in international law and EU law. Moreover, the author focuses on the problem of the criminalisation of irregular migration – both in the context of the established line of the Court's case law and in the case of a vague national law standard that penalizes illegal stays – the possibility to apply the criminal law concept of error in law and thus exclusion of criminal liability of an illegal migrant. ; anna.kosinska1@usz.edu.pl ; Anna Magdalena Kosińska is an Associated Professor at the University of Szczecin, Poland. ; University of Szczecin, Poland ; Ad Hoc Query on 2020.81 Umbrella Inform – Covid-19 and Return – Part 2 (REG Practitioners and NCPs). Requested by COM on 21 December 2020. ; Bosworth M., Human Rights and Immigration Detention in the United Kingdom, (in:) M.B. Dembour, T. Kelly (eds.), Are Human Rights for Migrants? Critical Reflections on the Status of Irregular Migrants in Europe and the United States, London 2011. ; Carens J.H., The Ethics of Immigration, New York 2013. ; Chetail V., International Migration Law, Oxford 2019. ; Chin G.J., Illegal Entry as Crime, Deportation as Punishment: Immigration Status and the Criminal Process, "UCLA Law Review" 2011, https://www.uclalawreview.org/illegal-entry-as-crime-deportation-as-punishment-immigration-status-and-the-crim[inal-process/. ; Crosby A., The Political Potential of the Return Directive, "Laws" 2014, no. 3. ; di Molfetta E., Brouwer J., Unravelling the 'Crimmigration Knot': Penal Subjectivities, Punishment and the Censure Machine, "Criminology & Criminal Justice" 2020, vol. 20, no 3. ; Eule T.G., Borrelli L.M., Lindberg A., Wyss A., Migrants Before the Law. Contested Migration Control in Europe, London and Basingstoke 2019. ; European Migration Network (EMN), The Effectiveness of Return in EU Member States. Synthesis Report for the EMN Focussed Study, 2017, https://ec.europa.eu/home-affairs/what-we-do/networks/european_migration_network/reports_en. ; Grant S., The Recognition of Migrants' Rights within the UN Human Rights System: the first 60 years, (in:) M.B. Dembour, T. Kelly (eds.), Are Human Rights for Migrants? Critical Reflections on the Status of Irregular Migrants in Europe and the United States, London 2011. ; Grey C., Justice and Authority in Immigration Law, Oxford and Portland, OR 2017. ; Kolankiewicz M., Sager M., Clandestine Migration Facilitation and Border Spectacle: Criminalisation, Solidarity, Contestations, "Mobilities" 2012, vol. 16, https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/17450101.2021.1888628. ; Koronawirus a więzienia. Skargi do RPO – na brak środków ochrony, nieprzestrzeganie zaleceń sanitarnych, dostęp do badań, https://www.rpo.gov.pl/pl/content/koronawirus-a-wiezienia-skargi-rpo-od-osadzonych-i-rodzin. ; Kox M., Boone M., The Pains of Being Unauthorized in the Netherlands, "Punishment & Society" 2020, vol. 22, no. 4. ; Miller D., Strangers in Our Midst, The Political Philosophy of Immigration, Cambridge, MA 2016. ; Motomura H., Immigration Outside the Law, New York 2014. ; Pahladsingh A., The Legal Requirements of the Entry Ban: The Role of National Courts and Dialogue with the Court of Justice of the European Union, (in:) M. Moraru, G. Cornelisse, Ph. De Bruycker (eds.), Law and the Judicial Dialogue on the Return of Irregular Migrants from the European Union, Oxford 2020. ; Sanchez G., Achilli L., Stranded: The Impacts of COVID-19 on Irregular Migration and Migrant Smuggling, "Policy Briefs" 2020, no. 20. ; Strąk M., Polityka Unii Europejskiej w zakresie powrotów. Aspekty prawne, Warsaw 2019. ; Stumpf J.P., The Process is the Punishment in Crimmigration Law, (in:) K. Franko Aas, M. Bosworth (eds.), The Borders of Punishment. Migration, Citizenship, and Social Exclusion, Oxford 2013. ; Szklanna A., Ochrona prawna cudzoziemca w wietle orzecznictwa Europejskiego Trybunału Praw Człowieka, Warsaw 2010. ; Tsoukala A., Turning Immigrants into Security Threats: A Multi – Faceted Process, (in:) G. Lazardis (ed.), Security, Insecurity and Migration in Europe, London 2016. ; Waasdorp J., Pahladsingh A., Expulsion or Imprisonment? Criminal Law Sanctions for Breaching an Entry Ban in the Light of Crimmigration Law, "Bergen Journal of Criminal Law and Criminal Justice" 2019, vol. 4, no 2. ; Weissbrodt D., Divine M., International human rights of migrant, (in:) B. Opekin, R. Perruchoud, J. Redpath-Cross (eds.), Foundations of International Migration Law, Cambridge 2012. ; Zedner L., Is the Criminal Law Only for Citizens? A Problem at the Borders of Punishment, (in:) K. Franko Aas, M. Bosworth (eds.), The Borders of Punishment. Migration, Citizenship, and Social Exclusion, Oxford 2013. ; 26 ; 6 ; 207 ; 224

The second-order Fourier coefficients (v2) characterizing the azimuthal distributions of ?(1S)and ?(2S)mesons produced in PbPb collisions at ?sNN=5.02TeVare studied. The ?mesons are reconstructed in their dimuondecay channel, as measured by the CMS detector. The collected data set corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 1.7nb?1. The scalar product method is used to extract the v2coefficients of the azimuthal distributions. Results are reported for the rapidity range |y| <2.4, in the transverse momentum interval 0

Angular distributions of the decay B + ! K*(892) + μ + μ − are studied using events collected with the CMS detector in p s = 8TeV proton-proton collisions at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 20.0 fb−1. The forward-backward asymmetry of the muons and the longitudinal polarization of the K*(892) + meson are determined as a function of the square of the dimuon invariant mass. These are the first results from this exclusive decay mode and are in agreement with a standard model prediction. ; We thank J. Matias for providing the theoretical values of AFB and FL used for comparisons with our measurements. We congratulate our colleagues in the CERN accelerator departments for the excellent performance of the LHC and thank the technical and administrative staffs at CERN and at other CMS institutes for their contributions to the success of the CMS effort. In addition, we gratefully acknowledge the computing centers and personnel of the Worldwide LHC Computing Grid for delivering so effectively the computing infrastructure essential to our analyses. Finally, we acknowledge the enduring support for the construction and operation of the LHC and the CMS detector provided by the following funding agencies: BMBWF and FWF (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, FAPERGS, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES and CSF (Croatia); RIF (Cyprus); SENESCYT (Ecuador); MoER, ERC PUT and ERDF (Estonia); Academy of Finland, MEC, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); NKFIA (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); MSIPand NRF (Republic of Korea); MES (Latvia); LAS (Lithuania); MOE and UM (Malaysia); BUAP, CINVESTAV, CONACYT, LNS, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MOS (Montenegro); MBIE (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MSHE and NSC (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Dubna); MON, RosAtom, RAS, RFBR, and NRC KI (Russia); MESTD (Serbia); SEIDI, CPAN, PCTI, and FEDER (Spain); MOSTR (Sri Lanka); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); MST (Taipei); ThEPCenter, IPST, STAR, and NSTDA (Thailand); TUBITAK and TAEK (Turkey); NASU (Ukraine); STFC (U.K.); DOE and NSF (U.S.A.). Individuals have received support from the Marie-Curie program and the European Research Council and Horizon 2020 Grant, contract Nos. 675440, 724704, 752730, and 765710 (European Union); the Leventis Foundation; the A.P. Sloan Foundation; the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; the Fonds pour la Formation à la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); the Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie (IWT-Belgium); the F.R.S.-FNRS and FWO (Belgium) under the "Excellence of Science — EOS" — be.h project n. 30820817; the Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission, No. Z191100007219010; the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) of the Czech Republic; the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) under Germany's Excellence Strategy—EXC 2121 "Quantum Universe" — 390833306; the Lendület ("Momentum") Program and the János Bolyai Research Scholarship of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, the New National Excellence Program ÚNKP, the NKFIA research grants 123842, 123959, 124845, 124850, 125105, 128713, 128786, and 129058 (Hungary); the Council of Science and Industrial Research, India; the HOMING PLUS program of the Foundation for Polish Science, cofinanced from European Union, Regional Development Fund, the Mobility Plus program of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education, the National Science Center (Poland), contracts Harmonia 2014/14/M/ST2/00428, Opus 2014/13/B/ST2/02543, 2014/15/B/ST2/03998, and 2015/19/B/ST2/02861, Sonata-bis 2012/07/E/ST2/01406; the National Priorities Research Program by Qatar National Research Fund; the Ministry of Science and Higher Education, project no. 02.a03.21.0005 (Russia); the Tomsk Polytechnic University Competitiveness Enhancement Program; the Programa Estatal de Fomento de la Investigación Científica y Técnica de Excelencia María de Maeztu, grant MDM-2015-0509 and the Programa Severo Ochoa del Principado de Asturias; the Thalis and Aristeia programs cofinanced by EU-ESF and the Greek NSRF; the Rachadapisek Sompot Fund for Postdoctoral Fellowship, Chulalongkorn University and the Chulalongkorn Academic into Its 2nd Century Project Advancement Project (Thailand); the Kavli Foundation; the Nvidia Corporation; the SuperMicro Corporation; the Welch Foundation, contract C-1845; and the Weston Havens Foundation (U.S.A.).

In March 2020, the European Union decided to open accession negotiations with Albania, candidate country since 2014. In order to achieve this important goal in the long path of European integration, Albania had to pursue a set of requirements. Among them, the centrality of human rights affects the implementation of policies aiming at integrating minorities, as well as at granting social rights to unprivileged citizens (La Cava Nanetti 2000, Solidar 2016). In this scenario, the evolution of the professional expertise of Albanian Social workers plays a relevant role. In academic and professional terms, social work has a poor tradition in Albania, as in most of post-communist countries (Hoti 2015). In order to face the difficulties of the professional and academic evolution of social work and to facilitate a process of Europeanisation of the Social Services delivery in Albania, the European Commission has funded the project T@sk Towards Increased Awareness, Responsibility and Shared Quality in Social Work (2017-2020). The main aim of the project consists in strengthening the delivery of Social Services in Albania through the empowerment of the Higher Education system in social work. The consortium includes all public universities offering BA and MA courses in social work in Albania – University of Tirana, University of Shkoder and University of Elbasan-, and the University of Florence, the UCM of Madrid, the ISCTE of Lisbon and the Professional Order of Social workers of the Tuscany Region as Higher Education institutions of the program countries. The project operates at three levels: peer-to peer theoretical and empirical update amongst the project partners; triangulation of knowledge, transdisciplinary cooperation with the societal stakeholders and digital innovation; selection and dissemination of best practices. The project is in its final stage, and it is possible to elaborate on the main theoretical and empirical framework adopted, on the results achieved, and on the challenges to create a favorable environment for the development of social work profession in Albania. The article attempts to shed some light in the pattern of evolution of social work practices in Albania, focusing on the social and cultural background of the country, and describing the main achievements of the T@sk project. ; En marzo de 2020, la Unión Europea decidió iniciar las negociaciones de adhesión con Albania, país candidato desde 2014. Para alcanzar este importante objetivo, en el largo camino de la integración europea, Albania tenía que cumplir con una serie de requisitos. Entre ellos, la centralidad de los derechos humanos que afecta a la aplicación de las políticas destinadas a integrar a las minorías, así como a conceder derechos sociales a los ciudadanos desfavorecidos (La Cava Nanetti 2000, Solidar 2016). En este escenario, la evolución de los conocimientos profesionales de los trabajadores sociales albaneses desempeña un papel relevante. En términos académicos y profesionales, el Trabajo Social tiene una escasa tradición en Albania, como en la mayoría de los países postcomunistas (Hoti 2015). Para hacer frente a las dificultades de la evolución profesional y académica del Trabajo Social y facilitar un proceso de europeización de la prestación de servicios sociales en Albania, la Comisión Europea ha financiado el proyecto T@SK "Towards Increased Awareness, Responsibility and Shared Quality in Social Work" (2017-2020). El objetivo principal del proyecto consiste en fortalecer la prestación de servicios sociales en Albania mediante la potenciación del sistema de Educación Superior en la formación de Trabajo Social. El consorcio incluye a todas las universidades públicas que ofrecen cursos de Grado y Máster en Trabajo Social en Albania -Universidad de Tirana, Universidad de Shkoder y Universidad de Elbasan- y a la Universidad de Florencia, la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, el ISCTE de Lisboa y el Colegio (l'Ordine) Profesional de Trabajadores Sociales de la Región Toscana como instituciones de Educación Superior de los países del programa. El proyecto funciona a tres niveles: actualización teórica y empírica entre los socios del proyecto; triangulación de conocimientos, cooperación transdisciplinaria con las partes interesadas de la sociedad e innovación digital; y la selección y difusión de las mejores prácticas. El proyecto se encuentra en su etapa final, y es posible elaborar el principal marco teórico y empírico adoptado, los resultados logrados y los retos para crear un entorno favorable al desarrollo de la profesión del Trabajo Social en Albania. El artículo trata de arrojar algo de luz sobre la evolución de las prácticas de Trabajo Social en Albania, centrándose en los antecedentes sociales y culturales del país y describiendo los principales logros del proyecto T@SK.

The article focuses on the necessity of working out the concept of development expert ensuring of justice in Ukraine. The modern system of guideline documents of the state policy in the sphere of expert ensuring of justice has been analyzed, which allowed concluding that there is no separate document in applicable legislation devoted to the issues of development of forensic activities in Ukraine. It has been defined that some issues of the development of forensic activities in Ukraine are regulated by guideline documents of the state policy of law enforcement, state border and other bodies under the authority of which the state specialized agencies operate. It is noted that in some cases the strategic activity directions of the state specialized institutions are defined by so-called «transition book». When analyzing the approaches of scientists to the problem of defining the hierarchy of the documents of a program kind, it was established that the "concept" is the most appropriate document for defining the main directions of the development of the sphere of expert ensuring of justice for a corresponding period. The subjects of forensic activities have been investigated and it is emphasized that the system of the state specialized institutions can be supplemented with a new subject – Scientific Research Institute of Forensic Examination of the National Bureau of Investigation. It has been established that besides forensic activities, the state specialized institutions can carry out educational, scientific, international activities, etc. The main documents, which regulate the development of forensic activities the European Union countries, have been analyzed. It has been proved that taking into account the best practices of the European Union countries when preparing guideline documents of the state policy will ensure the unification of approaches in the sphere of expert ensuring of justice and facilitate a successful entry of Ukrainian forensic institutions into European forensic science area. ; в статье акцентировано внимание в необходимости разработки концепции развития сферы экспертного обеспечения правосудия в Украине. Проанализировано современную систему руководящих документов государственной политики в сфере экспертного обеспечения правосудия, которые позволили сделать вывод об отсутствии в действующем законодательстве отдельного документа, посвященного вопросам развития судебно-экспертной деятельности в Украине. Определено, что некоторые вопросы развития судебно-экспертной деятельности в Украине регламентируются руководящими документами государственной политики органов охраны правопорядка, государственной границы и других органов, в ведении которых функционируют государственные специализированные учреждения. При анализе подходов ученых к проблеме определения иерархии документов программного характера было установлено, что «концепция» является наиболее приемлемым документом для определения основных направлений развития сферы экспертного обеспечения правосудия на соответствующий период. Доказано, что учет передового опыта стран Европейского союза в подготовке руководящих документов государственной политики обеспечит унификацию подходов в сфере экспертного обеспечения правосудия и будет способствовать успешному вхождению судебно-экспертных учреждений Украины в Европейское судебно-экспертное пространство. КЛЮЧЕВЫЕ СЛОВА: сфера экспертного обеспечения правосудия, судебно-экспертная деятельность, субъекты судебно-экспертной деятельности, концепция, Европейское судебно-экспертное пространство. ; У статті акцентовано на необхідності розроблення концепції розвитку сфери експертного забезпечення правосуддя в Україні. Проаналізовано сучасну систему керівних документів державної політики у сфері експертного забезпечення правосуддя, які дозволили зробити висновок щодо відсутності у діючому законодавстві окремого документу присвяченого питанням розвитку судово-експертної діяльності в Україні. Визначено, що деякі питання розвитку судово-експертної діяльності в Україні регламентуються керівними документами державної політики органів охорони правопорядку, державного кордону та інших органів, у підпорядкуванні яких функціонують державні спеціалізовані установи. Зазначено, що існують випадки, коли стратегічні напрямки діяльності державних спеціалізованих установ визначають у так званих «transition book». Під час аналізу підходів учених до проблеми визначення ієрархії документів програмного характеру було встановлено, що «концепція» є найбільш прийнятним документом для визначення основних напрямів розвитку сфери експертного забезпечення правосуддя на відповідний період. Досліджено суб'єктів судово-експертної діяльності та підкреслено, що система державних спеціалізованих установ може бути доповнена новим суб'єктом - Науково-дослідним інститутом судових експертиз Державного бюро розслідувань. Встановлено, що окрім судово-експертної діяльності державні спеціалізовані установи можуть здійснювати освітню, наукову, міжнародну діяльність тощо. Проаналізовані основні документи, які регламентують розвиток судово-експертної діяльності у країнах Європейського Союзу. Доведено, що врахування передового досвіду країн Європейського союзу у підготовці керівних документів державної політики забезпечить уніфікацію підходів у сфері експертного забезпечення правосуддя та сприятиме успішному входженню судово-експертних установ України до Європейського судово-експертного простору.

Problem setting. Ukraine has set a strategic course for integration into the European Union. This issue is actualized in the context of the implementation of the governmental decentralization reform, aimed at forming an effective local self-government and territorial organization of the government in order to create and maintain a full-fledged living environment for citizens, to provide high-quality and affordable public services, to establish institutions of direct democracy, to coordinate the interests of the state and territorial communities.Analysis of recent research and publications. The works of many leading scientists are devoted to the development of local self-government in Ukraine. In particular, theoretical and organizational and legal aspects of the formation of territorial communities were considered in the scientific papers of O. Batanov, I. Butko, V. Bordeniuk, I. Drobot, V. Kampo, I. Myshchak, V. Pogorilko. The study of foreign experience of local self-government and the problem of adaptation of Ukrainian legislation to the European one were covered in the research papers of M. Baimuratov, I. Hrytsiak, I. Koziura, O. Trush. Problematics of formation of self-sufficient territorial communities and their resource support were considered in the papers of A. Hoshko, Yu. Kuts, V. Mamonova and other scientists. The formation of communities under the conditions of administrative-territorial reform was covered in the research papers of V. Kuybida, M. Pittsyk, M. Pukhtynskyi and many other leading Ukrainian scientists. The analysis of scientific sources proves the relevance and importance of the problem, that is why the subject of the study of theoretical foundations of the formation and development of territorial communities in Ukraine under the conditions of decentralization of the state power requires coverage and attracting the attention of the scientific community.Highlighting previously unsettled parts of the general problem. Based on the analysis of scientific sources to determine the main stages of the formation of legal foundations for the formation and development of amalgamated territorial communities in Ukraine under the conditions of decentralization of state power.Paper main body. Decentralization of state power under the conditions of modern state-building in Ukraine is the basis for the formation of a new system of governing the country – public administration, and its subjects include the state, the territorial community and civil society. European integration vector of Ukraine's development stipulates further implementation of reforms of decentralization of state power on the basis of openness, transparency, and democracy.Conclusions of the research and prospects for further studies. The analysis of scientific sources on the issues of decentralization of state power and the formation of territorial communities proves the relevance and importance of the topic of developing theoretical foundations for the formation and development of amalgamated territorial communities in Ukraine under conditions of decentralization of state power.Studying the works of scientists proves the existence of different points of view on the essence of the concept of territorial community, but despite the diversity of interpretations of the concept of community by scientists, there are common views on the presence of residents who reside on a certain territory and are united by common values and interests.There are five main stages of establishing of the legal basis for the formation and development of territorial communities in Ukraine under the conditions of decentralization of state power: the first stage (1990 – 1996) – overcoming the Soviet legacy of governing and instituting democratic decentralization; the second stage (1996 – 1999) – creation of a legal basis for decentralization of power; the third stage (1999 – 2014) – formation of preconditions for resource (including financial) provision of capacity of territorial communities; the fourth stage (from 2014 – 2019) – formation of prerequisites for the formation of amalgamated territorial communities and unions of territorial communities; the fifth stage (from 2019 to the present) is the continuation of the policy of creation of amalgamated territorial communities, formation of legal bases for transferring resources, powers and responsibility for their implementation. ; Розглянуто теоретичні аспекти становлення та розвитку територіальних громад у незалежній Україні за умов децентралізації державної влади. Доведено, що однією з основних характеристик "територіальної громади" є наявність жителів, які проживають на певній території, що об'єднані спільними цінностями та інтересами. Визначено п'ять основних етапів формування правових основ становлення та розвитку спроможних територіальних громад в Україні за умов децентралізації державної влади.

Problem setting. Ukraine has set a strategic course for integration into the European Union. This issue is actualized in the context of the implementation of the governmental decentralization reform, aimed at forming an effective local self-government and territorial organization of the government in order to create and maintain a full-fledged living environment for citizens, to provide high-quality and affordable public services, to establish institutions of direct democracy, to coordinate the interests of the state and territorial communities.Analysis of recent research and publications. The works of many leading scientists are devoted to the development of local self-government in Ukraine. In particular, theoretical and organizational and legal aspects of the formation of territorial communities were considered in the scientific papers of O. Batanov, I. Butko, V. Bordeniuk, I. Drobot, V. Kampo, I. Myshchak, V. Pogorilko. The study of foreign experience of local self-government and the problem of adaptation of Ukrainian legislation to the European one were covered in the research papers of M. Baimuratov, I. Hrytsiak, I. Koziura, O. Trush. Problematics of formation of self-sufficient territorial communities and their resource support were considered in the papers of A. Hoshko, Yu. Kuts, V. Mamonova and other scientists. The formation of communities under the conditions of administrative-territorial reform was covered in the research papers of V. Kuybida, M. Pittsyk, M. Pukhtynskyi and many other leading Ukrainian scientists. The analysis of scientific sources proves the relevance and importance of the problem, that is why the subject of the study of theoretical foundations of the formation and development of territorial communities in Ukraine under the conditions of decentralization of the state power requires coverage and attracting the attention of the scientific community.Highlighting previously unsettled parts of the general problem. Based on the analysis of scientific sources to determine the main stages of the formation of legal foundations for the formation and development of amalgamated territorial communities in Ukraine under the conditions of decentralization of state power.Paper main body. Decentralization of state power under the conditions of modern state-building in Ukraine is the basis for the formation of a new system of governing the country – public administration, and its subjects include the state, the territorial community and civil society. European integration vector of Ukraine's development stipulates further implementation of reforms of decentralization of state power on the basis of openness, transparency, and democracy.Conclusions of the research and prospects for further studies. The analysis of scientific sources on the issues of decentralization of state power and the formation of territorial communities proves the relevance and importance of the topic of developing theoretical foundations for the formation and development of amalgamated territorial communities in Ukraine under conditions of decentralization of state power.Studying the works of scientists proves the existence of different points of view on the essence of the concept of territorial community, but despite the diversity of interpretations of the concept of community by scientists, there are common views on the presence of residents who reside on a certain territory and are united by common values and interests.There are five main stages of establishing of the legal basis for the formation and development of territorial communities in Ukraine under the conditions of decentralization of state power: the first stage (1990 – 1996) – overcoming the Soviet legacy of governing and instituting democratic decentralization; the second stage (1996 – 1999) – creation of a legal basis for decentralization of power; the third stage (1999 – 2014) – formation of preconditions for resource (including financial) provision of capacity of territorial communities; the fourth stage (from 2014 – 2019) – formation of prerequisites for the formation of amalgamated territorial communities and unions of territorial communities; the fifth stage (from 2019 to the present) is the continuation of the policy of creation of amalgamated territorial communities, formation of legal bases for transferring resources, powers and responsibility for their implementation. ; Розглянуто теоретичні аспекти становлення та розвитку територіальних громад у незалежній Україні за умов децентралізації державної влади. Доведено, що однією з основних характеристик "територіальної громади" є наявність жителів, які проживають на певній території, що об'єднані спільними цінностями та інтересами. Визначено п'ять основних етапів формування правових основ становлення та розвитку спроможних територіальних громад в Україні за умов децентралізації державної влади.

We congratulate our colleagues in the CERN accelerator departments for the excellent performance of the LHC and thank the technical and administrative staffs at CERN and at other CMS institutes for their contributions to the success of the CMS effort. In addition, we gratefully acknowledge the computing centers and personnel of the Worldwide LHC Computing Grid for delivering so effectively the computing infrastructure essential to our analyses. Finally, we acknowledge the enduring support for the construction and operation of the LHC and the CMS detector provided by the following funding agencies: BMBWF and FWF (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, FAPERGS, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES and CSF (Croatia); RPF (Cyprus); SENESCYT (Ecuador); MoER, ERC IUT, and ERDF (Estonia); Academy of Finland, MEC, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); NKFIA (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); MSIP and NRF (Republic of Korea); MES (Latvia); LAS (Lithuania); MOE and UM (Malaysia); BUAP, CINVESTAV, CONACYT, LNS, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MOS (Montenegro); MBIE (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MSHE and NSC (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Dubna); MON, RosAtom, RAS, RFBR, and NRC KI (Russia); MESTD (Serbia); SEIDI, CPAN, PCTI, and FEDER (Spain); MOSTR (Sri Lanka); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); MST (Taipei); ThEPCenter, IPST, STAR, and NSTDA (Thailand); TUBITAK and TAEK (Turkey); NASU and SFFR (Ukraine); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (U.S.A.). Individuals have received support from the Marie-Curie program and the European Research Council and Horizon 2020 Grant, contract No. 675440 (European Union); the Leventis Foundation; the A. P. Sloan Foundation; the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; the Fonds pour la Formation a la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); the Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie (IWT-Belgium); the F.R.S.-FNRS and FWO (Belgium) under the "Excellence of Science-EOS"-be.h project n. 30820817; the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) of the Czech Republic; the Lendulet ("Momentum") Program and the Janos Bolyai Research Scholarship of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, the New National Excellence Program UNKP, the NKFIA research grants 123842, 123959, 124845, 124850 and 125105 (Hungary); the Council of Science and Industrial Research, India; the HOMING PLUS program of the Foundation for Polish Science, cofinanced from European Union, Regional Development Fund, the Mobility Plus program of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education, the National Science Center (Poland), contracts Harmonia 2014/14/M/ST2/00428, Opus 2014/13/B/ST2/02543, 2014/15/B/ST2/03998, and 2015/19/B/ST2/02861, Sonata-bis 2012/07/E/ST2/01406; the National Priorities Research Program by Qatar National Research Fund; the Programa Estatal de Fomento de la Investigacion Cientfica y Tecnica de Excelencia Maria de Maeztu, grant MDM-2015-0509 and the Programa Severo Ochoa del Principado de Asturias; the Thalis and Aristeia programs cofinanced by EU-ESF and the Greek NSRF; the Rachadapisek Sompot Fund for Postdoctoral Fellowship, Chulalongkorn University and the Chulalongkorn Academic into Its 2nd Century Project Advancement Project (Thailand); the Welch Foundation, contract C-1845; and the Weston Havens Foundation (U.S.A.). ; A search is presented for charged Higgs bosons in the H-+/- -> tau(+/-)nu(tau) decay mode in the hadronic final state and in final states with an electron or a muon. The search is based on proton-proton collision data recorded by the CMS experiment in 2016 at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb(-1). The results agree with the background expectation from the standard model. Upper limits at 95% confidence level are set on the production cross section times branching fraction to tau(+/-)nu(tau) for an H-+/- in the mass range of 80GeV to 3TeV, including the region near the top quark mass. The observed limit ranges from 6 pb at 80 GeV to 5 fb at 3 TeV. The limits are interpreted in the context of the minimal supersymmetric standard model m(h)(mod-) scenario.

Only Vanderbilt University affiliated authors are listed on VUIR. For a full list of authors, access the version of record at ; A search for a new high-mass resonance decaying to a tau lepton and a neutrino is reported. The analysis uses proton-proton collision data collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC at root s= 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb(-1). The search utilizes hadronically decaying tau leptons. No excess in the event yield is observed at high transverse masses of the tau and missing transverse momentum. An interpretation of results within the sequential standard model excludes W' boson masses below 4.0 TeV at 95% confidence level. Existing limits are also improved on models in which the W' boson decays preferentially to fermions of the third generation. Heavy W' bosons with masses less than 1.7-3.9 TeV, depending on the coupling in the non-universal G(221) model, are excluded at 95% confidence level. These are the most stringent limits on this model to date. (C) 2019 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. ; OWe congratulate our colleagues in the CERN accelerator departments for the excellent performance of the LHC and thank the technical and administrative staffs at CERN and at other CMS institutes for their contributions to the success of the CMS effort. In addition, we gratefully acknowledge the computing centers and personnel of the Worldwide LHC Computing Grid for delivering so effectively the computing infrastructure essential to our analyses. Finally, we acknowledge the enduring support for the construction and operation of the LHC and the CMS detector provided by the following funding agencies: BMWFW and FWF (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, FAPERGS, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MOST, and NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES and CSF (Croatia); RPF (Cyprus); SENESCYT (Ecuador); MoER, ERC IUT, and ERDF (Estonia); Academy of Finland, MEC, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); NKFIA (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); MSIP and NRF (Republic of Korea); MES (Latvia); LAS (Lithuania); MOE and UM (Malaysia); BUAP, CINVESTAV, CONACYT, LNS, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MOS (Montenegro); MBIE (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MSHE and NSC (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Dubna); MON, ROSATOM, RAS, RFBR, and NRC KI (Russia); MESTD (Serbia); SEIDI, CPAN, PCTI, and FEDER (Spain); MoSTR(Sri Lanka); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); MST (Taipei); ThEPCenter, IPST, STAR, and NSTDA (Thailand); TUBITAKand TAEK (Turkey); NASU and SFFR (Ukraine); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (USA). Individuals have received support from the Marie-Curie programme and the European Research Council and Horizon 2020 Grant, contract No. 675440 (European Union); the Leventis Foundation; the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; the Fonds pour la Formation a la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); the Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie (IWT-Belgium); the F.R.S.-FNRS and FWO (Belgium) under the "Excellence of Science - EOS" - be.h project n. 30820817; the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) of the Czech Republic; the Lendulet ("Momentum") Programme and the Janos Bolyai Research Scholarship of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, the New National Excellence Program UNKP, the NKFIA research grants 123842, 123959, 124845, 124850 and 125105 (Hungary); the Council of Science and Industrial Research, India; the HOMING PLUS programme of the Foundation for Polish Science, cofinanced from European Union, Regional Development Fund, the Mobility Plus programme of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education, the National Science Centre(Poland), contracts Harmonia 2014/14/M/ST2/00428, Opus 2014/13/B/ST2/02543, 2014/15/B/ST2/03998, and 2015/19/B/ST2/02861, Sonata-bis 2012/07/E/ST2/01406; the National Priorities Research Program by Qatar National Research Fund; the Programa Estatal de Fomento de la Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnica de Excelencia Maria de Maeztu, grant MDM-2015-0509 and the Programa Severo Ochoa del Principado de Asturias; the Thalis and Aristeia programmes cofinanced by EU-ESF and the Greek NSRF; the Rachadapisek Sompot Fund for Postdoctoral Fellowship, Chulalongkorn University and the Chulalongkorn Academic into Its 2nd Century Project Advancement Project (Thailand); the Welch Foundation, contract C-1845; and the Weston Havens Foundation (USA).

Curso de Verano 2016 : 14 y 15 de julio de 2016 Palacio Miramar, Donostia-San Sebastián. XV Premio Investigación Francisco Javier de Landaburu Universitas 2016 ; Desde la llegada «récord» de aproximadamente un millón y medio de nacionales de terceros países en 2015, el legislador europeo y los Estados miembros intentan buscar las soluciones inmediatas para gestionar los flujos migratorios que llaman a las puertas de varios Estados miembros de la Unión Europea (UE). La actual «crisis de los refugiados» o «crisis migratoria», ya que no todos los nacionales de terceros países que llegan a orillas europeas son refugiados, se ha convertido en un debate político de referencia en la UE. El presente artículo plantea un análisis crítico de dos medidas adoptadas por el legislador europeo para combatir la actual crisis, en concreto, los HotSpots y el programa de reubicación. La idea es mostrar la relación existente entre ambas medidas con el acceso al mercado laboral de los solicitantes de protección internacional. Tomando como referencia estas medidas que reivindican el mayor compromiso, se plantea la necesidad de repensar críticamente el principio de la solidaridad y de la responsabilidad de los Estados miembros con la UE. En la primera parte expongo el análisis de los HotSpots, señalando la importancia de las decisiones tomadas en dichos establecimientos ubicados en los Estados miembros de primera línea, Grecia e Italia. A continuación, mi aporte consistirá en ofrecer el estudio del programa de reubicación subrayando su relación con los HotSpots por un lado, y los pocos avances de este programa en la práctica, por otro. En la tercera parte se pone sobre la mesa la regulación jurídica del acceso al mercado laboral para los solicitantes de protección internacional una vez registrados en los HotSpots y admitidos para el programa de reubicación ya que el empleo es considerado como la mejor medida de integración. A este respecto se examina el régimen de las preferencias de los Estados miembros en seleccionar unos determinados perfiles de los solicitantes de protección internacional para cubrir las necesidades y vacantes en el mercado laboral de la UE. Finalmente con todo lo expuesto, trataré de ofrecer unas breves reflexiones finales para demostrar la posible relación entre las medidas de «ayuda humanitaria» y el interés del mercado laboral europeo ; Since the arrival «record» of approximately one and half million of third country nationals by 2015, the European legislator and the Member States strive to find immediate actions to manage the migratory flows knocking at the doors of several European Union (EU) Member States. The current called «refugee crisis» or «migratory crisis», as not all the third country nationals coming to the EU are refugees, has turned into «hot» political debate at EU level. The principal aim of this article is to present a critical analysis of two measures taken to combat the current crisis, the establishment of the HotSpots and relocation. The main idea is to show the relationship between these measures and the access to the labour market for applicants for international protection. Bearing in mind that both measures demand the greatest commitment, there is a clear need to critically reconsider the principle of solidarity and responsibility of the Member States with the EU. In the first part, I will explain the analysis of the HotSpots, pointing out the importance of the decisions taken in those establishments located in the first-line Member States, Greece and Italy. Next, I will offer the study of the relocation programme highlighting on one hand its direct link with the HotSpots, and its lack in practice on the other hand. The third part examines an overview of the access to the labor market for applicants for international protection under EU law, once the applicants are registered in the HotSpots and accepted for the relocation as the work is the best means of integration. With this regard, the Member States may disclose their preferences in relation with the selection of certain profiles of applicants for international protection. Finally, with all of the above, I will try to suggest a few brief observations on the potential relationship between the humanitarian aid measures and the European labour market needs and vacancies.

Successful animal growth depends on a combination of many factors related to health, management and nutrition. The use of veterinary drugs in food-producing animals for therapeutic purposes is regulated (corticosteroids, antibiotics) or banned (anabolic steroids) in the European Union; however, their use as growth promoters cannot be excluded. Moreover, the eventual presence of residues in food constitutes a fraud and a health issue for the consumers. For these reasons the need to find new accumulation matrices and new sensitive, specific and robust methods that are able to reveal the presence of drug residues is essential, based on the fact that there is a low percentage of non-conformity in the final reports of the National Residues Plan in recent years, although the threat of a disproportionate use of these substances is increasingly on the rise. In the light of these facts, there is the need to implement the framework of controls aimed to food safety, due to the inefficiency of tools for the study of these substances. Often, the use of conventional matrices, such as urine, liver or muscle, recommended for the official controls of illegal treatment are not completely satisfactory due to the fast elimination rate of the compounds or to the difficulties arising from the compounds characterised also by a pseudoendogenous nature. The debate about the presence of β-boldenone II phase metabolites and prednisolone in urine samples, owing to endogenous or illicit treatment, is currently ongoing within the European Union. These compounds have been appropriately defined "grey-zone substances", for their double origin. The simple detection of some steroids in urine is currently considered to provide insufficient evidence of illicit treatment. Parameters such as cut-off levels, the presence of metabolites, or both, must be accounted for. As regards antibiotics, the overuse, over the last decades, as growth promoters in food producing animal have caused favorable condition about the threat of bacterial resistance. The antibiotics can directly affect the consumer in the form of residues from the food chain, or by accumulation in the environment via the application of manure to land as organic fertiliser, via sludge storage or by direct contamination of illicitly additivated water and feed. The main challenge is to monitor contemporally different antibiotic classes, in different steps of the food chain, trying to control this phenomenon. On the other hand, food contamination by new environmental contaminants should not be neglected. In particular, perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) have recently aroused great scientific interest and concern for public health, due to the fact they have been found in appreciable concentrations in human serum. On the basis of EFSA requestes and of analytical problems associated with their determination many studies are recommended to monitor their presence, building a database on PFASs in food, evaluate the contamination levels of the individual compound and finally draw up a reliable risk assesstment of European population. This work was born with the aim to detect residues of the most commonly used drugs in broad sense, and then extended over time, also following requests from public and private entities, based on realistic situations of risk. Therefore, based on the mentionated issues, the development, optimisation and validation of multiresidual methods and the direct application on real unconventional matrices allowed us to have a greater amount of information in terms of number, frequency, and concentration of different classes of veterinary drugs than in conventional matrices. We confirmed the presence of pseudoendogenous compounds and their precursors in the unconventional matrix bile, for example. The study of the unconventional matrices, e.g. bovine teeth, has also allowed us to detect esterified forms of some drugs, discriminating them from the active free forms that could have a double, exogenous and endogenous, origin. Finally, this work demonstrates the utility of an eventual introduction, through the food of animal origin chain, of several monitoring points of different types of residues, consisting of non-edible matrix analyses that are not destructive of the product intended for the consumer. On the other hand, the sensitivity and good performance of the developed LC-HRMS methods for the emerging PFASs, could help further studies and also EFSA to increase the number of quantifiable data useful to extend a risk assessment in its final reports.

A search for resonances in the mass range 12–70 GeV produced in association with a b quark jet and a second jet, and decaying to a muon pair, is reported. The analysis is based on data from proton-proton collisions at center-of-mass energies of 8 and 13 TeV, collected with the CMS detector at the LHC and corresponding to integrated luminosities of 19.7 and 35.9 fb −1 , respectively. The search is carried out in two mutually exclusive event categories. Events in the first category are required to have a b quark jet in the central region (|η| ≤ 2.4) and at least one jet in the forward region (|η| > 2.4). Events in the second category are required to have two jets in the central region, at least one of which is identified as a b quark jet, no jets in the forward region, and low missing transverse momentum. An excess of events above the background near a dimuon mass of 28 GeV is observed in the 8 TeV data, corresponding to local significances of 4.2 and 2.9 standard deviations for the first and second event categories, respectively. A similar analysis conducted with the 13 TeV data results in a mild excess over the background in the first event category corresponding to a local significance of 2.0 standard deviations, while the second category results in a 1.4 standard deviation deficit. The fiducial cross section measurements and 95% confidence level upper limits on those for a resonance consistent with the 8 TeV excess are provided at both collision energies. ; BMWFW and FWF (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, FAPERGS, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES and CSF (Croatia); RPF (Cyprus); SENESCYT (Ecuador); MoER, ERC IUT, and ERDF (Estonia); Academy of Finland, MEC, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); NKFIA (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); MSIP and NRF (Republic of Korea); MES (Latvia); LAS (Lithuania); MOE and UM (Malaysia); BUAP, CINVESTAV, CONACYT, LNS, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MOS (Montenegro); MBIE (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MSHE and NSC (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Dubna); MON, RosAtom, RAS, RFBR, and NRC KI (Russia); MESTD (Serbia); SEIDI, CPAN, PCTI, and FEDER (Spain); MOSTR (Sri Lanka); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); MST (Taipei); ThEPCenter, IPST, STAR, and NSTDA (Thailand); TUBITAK and TAEK (Turkey); NASU and SFFR (Ukraine); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (U.S.A.). Individuals have received support from the Marie-Curie program and the European Research Council and Horizon 2020 Grant, contract No. 675440 (European Union); the Leventis Foundation; the A. P. Sloan Foundation; the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; the Fonds pour la Formation a la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); the Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie (IWT-Belgium); the F.R.S.-FNRS and FWO (Belgium) under the "Excellence of Science-EOS" -be.h project n. 30820817; the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) of the Czech Republic; the Lendulet ("Momentum") Program and the Janos Bolyai Research Scholarship of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, the New National Excellence Program UNKP, the NKFIA research grants 123842, 123959, 124845, 124850 and 125105 (Hungary); the Council of Science and Industrial Research, India; the HOMING PLUS program of the Foundation for Polish Science, cofinanced from European Union, Regional Development Fund, the Mobility Plus program of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education, the National Science Center (Poland), contracts Harmonia 2014/14/M/ST2/00428, Opus 2014/13/B/ST2/02543, 2014/15/B/ST2/03998, and 2015/19/B/ST2/02861, Sonata-bis 2012/07/E/ST2/01406; the National Priorities Research Program by Qatar National Research Fund; the Programa Estatal de Fomento de la Investigacion CientIfica y Tecnica de Excelencia Maria de Maeztu, grant MDM-2015-0509 and the Programa Severo Ochoa del Principado de Asturias; the Thalis and Aristeia programs cofinanced by EU-ESF and the Greek NSRF; the Rachadapisek Sompot Fund for Postdoctoral Fellowship, Chulalongkorn University and the Chulalongkorn Academic into Its 2nd Century Project Advancement Project (Thailand); the Welch Foundation, contract C-1845; and the Weston Havens Foundation (U.S.A.). ; Publisher version