Trotz des deutlichen Rückgangs der Zahl landwirtschaftlicher Betriebe und einer zunehmenden Betriebskonzentration spielt der Nahrungsmittelsektor in Frankreich im Hinblick auf die Landnutzung, die Umwelt und die ökonomische Situation ländlicher Gebiete eine bedeutende Rolle. Die landwirtschaftlichen Betriebe sind immer seltener Familienbetriebe. Die Entwicklung von Gesellschaftsunternehmen mit mehreren Teilhabern ermöglicht den Landwirten eine Verbesserung der Arbeitsbedingungen, eine Erleichterung für die kommende Generation und eine Verteilung der Risiken. Die nahrungsmittelproduzierenden Unternehmen Frankreichs erleben aktuell eine Neustrukturierung. Sie verfolgt das Ziel, die Produktionskosten zu senken und eine kritische Größe der Betriebe zu erreichen, um die Präsenz auf den internationalen Märkten zu fördern, auf denen die deutsche Konkurrenz immer größer wird. Grundsätzlich verfolgen Frankreich und Deutschland im Hinblick auf die Zukunft der Gemeinsamen Agrarpolitik (GAP) der EU ein gemeinsames Ziel. Beide Länder befürworten auch in Zukunft Regulierungsinstrumente, um der Instabilität der Märkte zu begegnen und zunehmend auch Umweltfragen ins Zentrum zu rücken. Zugleich fordern beide Staaten Wachsamkeit in Bezug auf die europäischen Agrarausgaben.
"Nach dem EU-Frühjahrsgipfel 2007 steht fest: die Europäische Union ist in den Bereichen Klimaschutz, Energie und Energieaußenpolitik nur vordergründig so geeint, wie es die Ratsbeschlüsse nahe legen. Sie muss (1) gegenüber Russland künftig mit 'einer Stimme' sprechen, (2) energiepolitische Entscheidungen zielgerichteter planen und (3) Pipelineprojekte außenpolitisch stärker flankieren. Nur so kann sich die EU zu einem strategischen Akteur in internationalen Energiefragen entwickeln. Die innereuropäische Uneinigkeit gegenüber dem Hauptenergielieferanten Russland bleibt indes als größtes Problem der angestrebten Energieaußenpolitik bestehen. Auch beim Klimaschutz steht die konkrete Lastenteilung der ehrgeizigen Ziele zwischen den 27 Mitgliedstaaten noch aus." (Autorenreferat)
In learning, the problem faced by students is that teacher and teacher minimum use of learning media still USES ordinary powerpoint in the learning process and assumes that history lessons are boring because history simply memorizes the history which is prone to saturated and teaching systems created by teachers are too monotonous. Therefore, based on analysis of needs and potential problem solving, it is necessary to develop a learning media on the impact of European colonization on Indonesian history subjects so that students may be motivated to learn for themselves at any time, anywhere through the smartphone. Researchers suggest infographic development because infographic is a medium that is easy to digest any information. Thus, infographic could be one of the solutions to the problem of history study. The goal of development is to produce infographic products on the subject of the impact of European colonization on Indonesian subjects of history and to know the infographic results of the students' study. The development model used was addie (Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) with research subjects of the eleventh class of a surabaya public high school. Researchers use an angket technique, and tests act as data collection tools. The results of analysis of the infographic data development on the materials of the European colonization of the Indonesian ixi-class history subjects were supported by the validator designated by researchers to test media worth. Media experts are 100% "very good", materials are 100% "very good", small group testing = 888% "very good", usage test = 91.11% "very good". With the above data showing that infographic materials the impact of European colonizationon Indonesian subjects of history is worthy of use for learning activities. Enhanced by testing the effectiveness of the infolearning media effectiveness - the post-test by showing the xi ips ips value at 66.7403 or increasing its value by 66.7403 or by acquiring it, it is certainly under the "quite ...
Migration, Flucht und Umsiedlungen in Folge des Klimawandels sind keine fernen Zukunftsszenarien, sondern materialisieren sich mittlerweile entlang immer gravierenderer Extremereignisse und schleichender Degradation. Angesichts der fortschreitenden globalen Erwärmung und der Gefahr des Überschreitens von Kipppunkten im Erdsystem sollten vorausschauende Klimaaußenpolitik und Entwicklungspolitik vermehrt auch schwerwiegende Klimafolgen in den Blick nehmen.
U članku se razmatra transformacija procesa implementacije politike prema osobama s invaliditetom (OSI) u Hrvatskoj, koja je posljedica transformacije modela kreiranja politike prema OSI – iz medicinskog u socijalni, s tendencijom prema razvoju modela ljudskih prava. S obzirom na procesnu usmjerenost analize, implementacija se sagledava na temelju koncepta javnog upravljanja te se koristi teorijski okvir višerazinskog upravljanja Michaela Hilla i Petera Hupea, koji implementaciju shvaćaju kao operativno upravljanje. Konceptualiziraju se i analiziraju promjene aktivnosti operativnog upravljanja na razini sustava, organizacije i pojedinca kao posljedica spomenute transformacije modela. Analizom intervjua aktera politike i provedbenih dokumenata, kao dijela interdisciplinarnog istraživačkog projekta, autorice pokazuju da je u hrvatskoj politici prema OSI došlo do neujednačene transformacije na različitim razinama implementacije (sustav/organizacija/pojedinac). Tako je na razini sustava utvrđena prisutnost socijalnog modela s tendencijom daljnjeg razvoja okvira implementacije prema modelu ljudskih prava. Razinu međuorganizacijskih odnosa obilježava socijalni model, a na razini pojedinca tek se događa izlazak iz medicinskog modela. ; The paper studies the transformation of the process of implementation of the policy toward persons with disabilities (OSI) in Croatia, which arises as a consequence of the transformation of the model of policy-making toward persons with disabilities – from a medical to a social one, with a tendency for development of a model of human rights. Considering the process-based orientation of the analysis, the implementation is examined through the concept of public governance, by using the theoretical framework of multiple governance by Michael Hill and Peter Hupe, who understand implementation as operational governance. Changes of activities of operational governance at the systemic, organizational and individual levels as a consequence of the mentioned transformation of the model are conceptualized and analysed. Through an analysis of the interviews of policy actors and implementation documents, as part of an interdisciplinary research project, the authors show that Croatian policy toward persons with disabilities has seen non-uniform transformation at different levels of implementation (the system/organization/individual). At the systemic level, the existence of the social model with a tendency for further development of the implementation framework toward a model of human rights has been established. The level of inter-organizational relations is characterized by the social model, and at the individual level getting out of the medical model is only taking place.
This study examined perceptions of students with disabilities (SWD) regarding their role in the implementation of education policy. We used Q methodology to understand students' position and their impact on the implementation of education policy. This is the first Q study on this issue in Croatia; therefore, the purpose of this study is to promote and familiarise Croatian researchers with Q methodology. British physicist psychologist William Stephenson developed Q methodology in 1935. Q is an appropriate choice for the study of issues that are socially contested, and it can be effectively accomplished with small numbers of participants. Hence, the use of Q becomes relevant for this study. The study was carried out at the University of Zagreb in spring 2016. The study sample consisted of 15 SWD (8 females and 7 males); it included students with motor impairment, sight and hearing impairment, specific learning disability, and multiple disabilities. Participation was free and voluntary, and the selected participants were representative of the stakeholder groups. We provided SWD with Q-sort statements (called a Q-sample) as a research tool. The Q-sample consisted of 35 statements, each written on a separate card. During Q sorting, 15 SWD presented their perspectives about their role in the implementation of educational policy by ranking statements from strongly disagree (-4) to strongly agree (+4) into a normalised distribution single-centred around no opinion (0). This set of ranked statements, each done by a different participant, constitutes the Q-sort. The data were analysed using the software program PQMethod 2.35. The use of centroid factor analysis with varimax rotation produced three factors related to what is essential for strengthening the role of students in the implementation of education policy. In addition, the study concluded that Q could be a useful tool for productive stakeholder involvement to facilitate policy implementation decisions. ; Ovaj rad bavi se istraživanjem percepcije studenata s invaliditetom (SSI) o njihovoj ulozi u provedbi obrazovne politike. U radu je korištena Q metodologija kako bi se stekao bolji uvid o ulozi studenata u provedbi obrazovne politike te njihovog utjecaja na provedbu. Budući da je ovo prvo istraživanje u Hrvatskoj koje koristi Q metodologiju za istraživanje percepcije studenata, svrha je ovoga rada ujedno i promicanje Q metodologije te njeno približavanje hrvatskim istraživačima. Q metodologiju osmislio je britanski fizičar i psiholog William Stephenson 1935. godine. Ova se metodologija preporuča za istraživanje društvenih pitanja te se može učinkovito primijeniti i s manjim brojem sudionika. Stoga je ona odabrana za ovo istraživanje. Istraživanje je provedeno na Sveučilištu u Zagrebu, u proljeće 2016. godine. Istraživanjem je obuhvaćeno 15-ero SSI (8 djevojaka i 7 mladića). Prema vrsti oštećenja, u uzorku su bili zastupljeni studenti s motoričkim poremećajima, oštećenjem vida, oštećenjem sluha, specifičnim teškoćama učenja i višestrukim oštećenjima. Sudjelovanje je bilo dobrovoljno, a odabrani su sudionici predstavljali populaciju SSI kao jednih od dionika obrazovne politike. Mjerni instrument u Q istraživanju je Q set, a predstavlja skup izjava koje studenti razvrstavaju. Q set se sastojao od 35 izjava, a svaka je bila napisana na zasebnoj kartici. Za vrijeme procesa razvrstavanja (Q sortiranja), 15-ero SSI rangiralo je kartice s izjavama, prema vlastitom mišljenju u odnosu na izjave, na koontinumu od izrazito se ne slažem (-4) do izrazito se slažem (+4), pri čemu nulta kategorija (0) predstavlja točku neutralnog značenja. Kroz ovaj proces studenti su predstavili svoje subjektivno mišljenje o svojoj ulozi u provedbi obrazovne politike. Svaki sudionik na svoj je način razvrstao izjave te je na taj način stvorio Q vrstu. Podaci iz svih Q vrsta analizirani su pomoću softverskog programa PQMethod 2.35. Primijenjena je Q faktorska analiza (centroidna metoda) s varimax rotacijom te su dobivena tri faktora koji ukazuju na potrebne promjene s ciljem jačanja uloge studenata u provedbi obrazovne politike. Osim toga, istraživanje je pokazalo da Q metodologija može biti korisna u procesu donošenja odluka u provedbi javne politike s ciljem većeg uključivanja različitih dionika u taj proces.
"Der politische Prozess der europäischen Integration hat entscheidend zu einer Europäisierung der Gesellschaften Europas beigetragen. Ob dieser systemische Prozess der Europäisierung von einer lebensweltlichen Europäisierung im Sinne einer Zunahme der Kommunikation zwischen den Bürgern verschiedener Mitgliedsländer begleitet wird, hängt entscheidend von der Mehrsprachigkeit der Bürger ab. In welchem Maße die Bürger der 27 Länder mehrsprachig sind und wie man die Unterschiede in der Ausstattung mit transnationalem, linguistischem Kapital erklären kann, ist das Thema des Artikels. In einem ersten Schritt werde ich die Sprachpolitik der Europäischen Union beschreiben. Diese ist durch zwei Merkmale gekennzeichnet: Die Akzeptanz der sprachlichen Heterogenität der Europäischen Union und der Verzicht auf eine Politik der sprachlichen Homogenisierung einerseits und die Förderung der Mehrsprachigkeit der Bürger Europas zur Verbesserung der Integration Europas andererseits. Im zweiten Schritt analysiere ich auf der Basis einer Auswertung einer Eurobarometerbefragung, über welches transnationale linguistische Kapital die Bürger Europas verfügen, das sie in die Lage versetzt, am Europäisierungsprozess zu partizipieren. Die Ergebnisse werden zeigen, dass die Kompetenzen der Mehrsprachigkeit zwischen den Ländern und innerhalb der Länder sehr unterschiedlich verteilt sind, es ähnlich wie bei anderen Kapitalien eine Ungleichheit in der Kapitalausstattung der Bürger gibt. Im dritten Schritt gehe ich der Frage nach, wie man diese Ungleichheit erklären kann. Dazu werden zuerst einige Hypothesen formuliert, die dann durch eine multivariate Analyse überprüft werden. Die Mehrsprachigkeit der Bürger kann durch folgende Faktoren relativ gut erklärt werden: den Grad der Modernität und die Größe eines Landes, in dem jemand lebt, die Verfügung über institutionalisiertes kulturelles Kapital und durch die Klassenlage des Befragten. Dieser Befund bestätigt andere Ergebnisse, die gezeigt haben, dass es vor allem die oberen Schichten sind, die vom Prozess der systemischen europäischen Integration profitieren, weil sie in der Lage sind, daran zu partizipieren." (Autorenreferat)
Emerging and disruptive technologies (EDT) transcend the four-basket logic of the EU Strategic Compass as they touch on aspects of all issue areas. To break down this complex topic, the workshop was based on two input papers that focused on aspects of sovereignty and innovation. While the discussion cannot and should not be held exclusively in relation to the security and defense realm, participants were encouraged to highlight initiatives relevant for the scope of the Strategic Compass process.
This report is based on the findings of the Conference "Moving EU Civilian Crisis Management Forward". The conference took place from 24-26 October 2018 at Schwielowsee. The security environment of the European Union (EU) has changed dramatically over the past decade. New complex conflicts have erupted in the EU's neighborhood, including Ukraine, Syria, Libya and Yemen, while long-standing conflicts such as Iraq and Afghanistan persist. Moreover, the rule-based world order has been increasingly fragmenting over the last years, and is facing a rise of interest-based foreign policy resting on power and deterrence.
