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The 2021 edition of 'The Global Community Yearbook of International Law and Jurisprudence' is a thorough annual survey of major developments in international courts. General Editor Giuliana Ziccardi Capaldo selects excerpts from important court opinions, supported by contributors who provide expert guidance on those cases. The topical organisation and subject index make the thorough, comprehensive content easy to navigate.

Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright -- Contents -- Introduction -- Tax-Favored Items -- Limits on Qualifying for Tax-Favored Items -- Standard Deduction versus Itemized Deductions -- Impact of Deductions on Your Chances of Being Audited -- How to Use This Book -- Chapter 1 You and Your Family -- Marital Status -- Dependents -- Qualifying Child -- Qualifying Relative -- Child Tax Credit -- Earned Income Credit -- Dependent Care Expenses -- Adoption Costs -- Foster Care -- Child Support -- Alimony -- ABLE Accounts -- Chapter 2 Medical Expenses -- Individual Mandate -- Employer‐Provided Health Insurance -- Premium Tax Credit -- Itemized Medical Expenses -- Self‐Employed Health Insurance Deduction -- Long‐Term Care Coverage -- Flexible Spending Accounts for Health Care -- Health Reimbursement Arrangements -- Individual Coverage HRAs -- Excepted Benefit HRAs -- QSEHRAs -- Health Savings Accounts -- Archer Medical Savings Accounts -- ABLE Accounts -- COBRA Coverage -- Medicare -- Continuing Care Facilities and Nursing Homes -- Accelerated Death Benefits -- Decedent's Final Illness -- Medical Insurance Rebates -- Chapter 3 Education Costs -- FAFSA Submissions -- Employer‐Paid Education Assistance -- Scholarships, Fellowships, and Grants -- American Opportunity Credit -- Lifetime Learning Credit -- Work‐Related Education -- Student Loan Interest -- Interest on U.S. Savings Bonds -- Coverdell Education Savings Accounts -- Qualified Tuition Programs (529 Plans) -- ABLE Accounts -- Seminars -- Educational Travel -- Cancellation of Student Loans -- Penalty‐Free Withdrawals from IRAs -- Government Reimbursements -- Internships and Apprenticeships -- Chapter 4 Your Home -- Mortgages -- Mortgage Interest Tax Credit -- Home Equity Loans -- Points -- Prepayment Penalties -- Late Payment Penalties -- Reverse Mortgages -- Cancellation of Mortgage Debt.

"Inspiring and distinctive, After Meaning provides a radical challenge to the way in which international law is thought and practised. Jean d'Aspremont asserts that the words and texts of international law, as forms, never carry or deliver meaning but, instead, perpetually defer meaning and ensure it is nowhere found within international legal discourse. In challenging the dominant meaning-centrism of the international legal discourse and shedding light on the sovereignty of forms, this book promotes a radical new attitude towards textuality in international law. The author offers new perspectives on interpretation, critique, history, comparison, translation and referencing, inviting international lawyers to reinvent their engagement with these discourses. Chapters define meaning and form in international law, explore deferral of meaning and make an unprecedented use of post-structuralist theory to rethink international law. After Meaning will be an essential reference point for legal scholars, researchers and students who seek to understand a different way of thinking about meaning in

Introduction: Highland Asia as a world region / Jelle J.P. Wouters and Michael T. Heneise -- The middle highlands of modern China as a historical inter-Asian zomia: Human-nature diversity in the Hengduan mountains / Dan Smyer Yèu -- Human-nonhuman relations in the making of place in Kham / Gillian G. Tan -- Amdo: Social landscapes and change / Eveline Washul and Yumjyi -- The Tibetan frontier: From regional boundaries to disputed borders / Nadine Plachta & Galen Murton -- The Uyghurs: Conceptual highlanders of Xinjiang / Ildikâo Bellâer-Hann -- Kyrgyzstan: Relating to land, nation and territory / Nienke van der Heide -- Pamirs at the crossroads / Hermann Kreutzmann -- Islam in the trans-Himalayan ecumene / Radhika Gupta -- Forming communities and negotiating power in a highland borderland: The Bhotiya on the Indo-Tibet border / Subhadra Mitra Channa -- Infrastructures of change: Development among pastoralists in Dolpo, Nepal (1990-2020) / Phurwa Gurung & Kenneth Bauer -- Nepal central highland: Resistance and the state / Mukta S. Tamang -- Ethnographies of the Sherpas in the high Himalaya: Themes, trajectories, and beyond / Pasang Yangjee Sherpa -- Ethnic belonging and the reinvention of tradition in Eastern Nepal / Martin Gaenszle -- The desire to be 'primitive': The Nepalis of Darjeeling-Sikkim Himalayas and claims for tribal recognition / Tanka B. Subba -- Bhutan: History, scholarship and emerging agency in the Bhutanese narrative / Yedzin Wangmo Tobgay -- Arunachal Pradesh: from a nonstate space to a contested state space / Zilpa Modi -- Highlanders and lowlanders in Bangladesh: reflections on borders, connectivity and disconnection in highland Asia / Ellen Bal & Nasrin Siraj -- Peopling the Yunnan-Bengal corridor: An ethnographic history of the Kuki-Chin-Mizo people / David Zou -- The uplanders of Tripura: Changing questions of identity / Harirar Bhattacharyya -- Migration narratives and ritual regeneration among the Karbi and Tiwa of highland Assam / Dharamsing Teron & Manas J. Bordoloi -- Rethinking ethnographies on Garo Hills / Erik de Maaker -- Ethnic attachments and alterations among Nagas in the Indo-Myanmar borderland / G. Kanato Chophy -- Gendering Kachinland: Challenging the gender blindness of an ethnographic area in highland Asia / Mandy Sadan & Ja Htoi Pan Maran -- The Wa of the Burma-China borderlands: Identities and polities in the maelstrom of world-system cycles / Magnus Fiskesjèo -- Karen: Mobile peoples with prophetic movements in Myanmar & Thailand / Mikael Gravers -- The uplands of northern Thailand: Language and social relations beyond the Muang / Nathan Badenoch -- Animism and cosmological dynamics in highland Laos / Guido Sprenger -- From 'slaves' to Indigenous peoples: Shifting identities in northeastern Cambodia / Ian G. Baird -- On both sides of the Annamese Cordilleras: The Bru of Vietnam and Laos / Gâabor Vargyas -- Remoteness and connectivity: The variegated geographies of the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau / Tim Oakes and Zuo Zhenting -- Ethnography in the northern Vietnamese highlands / Jean Michaud.

The museum of the East India Company formed, for a large part of the nineteenth century, one of the sights of London. In recent years, little has been remembered of it beyond its mere existence, while an assumed negative role has been widely attributed to it on the basis of its position at the heart of one of Britain's arch-colonialist enterprises.

Extensively illustrated, The India Museum Revisited provides a full examination of the museum's founding manifesto and evolving ambitions. It surveys the contents of its multi-faceted collections – with respect to materials, their manufacture and original functions on the Indian sub-continent – as well as the collectors who gathered them and the manner in which they were mobilized to various ends within the museum.

From this integrated treatment of documentary and material sources, a more accurate, rounded and nuanced picture emerges of an institution that contributed in major ways, over a period of 80 years, to the representation of India for a European audience, not only in Britain but through the museum's involvement in the international exposition movement to audiences on the continent and beyond.

"Providing short, clear and accessible explanations of the main areas of EU law, Understanding European Union Law is both an ideal introduction for students new to EU law and an essential addition to revision for the more accomplished. This eighth edition has been fully revised and updated with the latest legislative changes and includes an in-depth discussion of 'Brexit' and its implications for EU-UK relations. The book provides readers with a clear understanding of structures and rationale behind EU law, explaining how and why the law has developed as it has. In addition to discussing the core areas of EU law such as its sources, the role and powers of the EU's Institutions, the enforcement of EU law and the law of the internal market, this edition also includes a new chapter on three 'non-economic' areas of EU law: fundamental human rights, equality (non-discrimination) and the environment. This student-friendly text is both broad in scope and highly accessible. It will inspire students towards further study and show that understanding EU law can be an enjoyable and rewarding experience. As well as being essential reading for Law students, Understanding European Union Law is also suitable for students on other courses where basic knowledge of EU law is required or useful, such as business studies, political science, international relations or European studies programmes. Karen Davies, LLB, LLM, Cert Ed, Fellow of the Higher Education Authority, has written and lectured on European Union Law for over 20 years and retains an honorary teaching position at Swansea University, Wales. Maarten van Munster, LLM, is a senior lecturer in European Union Law and Human Rights Law and a researcher at the Multilevel Regulation research group of the Global Governance Centre of Expertise at the Hague University of Applied Sciences in the Netherlands. Isabel Düsterhöft, LLM, MA, is a senior lecturer in international and European Union law and policy at The Hague University of Applied Sciences in the Netherlands, and a visiting lecturer at the University of Hamburg and Leuphana University in Germany"--

Machine generated contents note: Preface -- Introduction: The Idea of European Unity, the Western System of Liberties, and the Dichotomy of Federalism versus Intergovernmentalism -- 1. The Most Important Achievements of the Idea of European Unity in the Field of State and International Organization before the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen (1789)1.1 Defense Unions and the Theoretical Differentiation between the Alliances of States 1.2 European Universalism 1.3 The Idea of Liberty and the Principles of a Civil State and Union of States -- 2. A New Democratic Constitutional Federal State in Opposition to Feudalism and Colonization: The Constitution of the United States of America (1787) and Its Influence in Europe 2.1 The Constitution of a Democratic Federal Republic under a President (1787) 2.2 The "Hamilton Method" 2.3 The Dichotomy of a Fictive versus Real Economy 2.4 The Main Phases of Democratization of the Idea of European Unity -- 3. The Dilemma of Democratization of the Idea of European Unity (1789-1815) 3.1 The French Revolution and the Attempt to Establish Democracy and Popular Sovereignty in a Unitary Nation State 3.2 Kant in Search of a Democratic International Policy (Foedus Pacificum)3.3 The Conservative Breakthrough -- 4 The European Phenomenon of Nation State and National Empire, and the Chances of a European Federation (1815-1919) 4.1 Romantic Nationalism 4.2 The German and Italian Unification 4.3 The Swiss Confederation (1848) 4.4 Plans for the Reconstruction of the Habsburg Monarchy 4.5 The Federalist Opposition to the Liberal Democratic Unitary Nation-State 4.6 Colonialism of European Great Powers and the Forgotten Idea of European Unity 4.7 The Forgotten Europe: The Treaty of Versailles, and the League of Nations -- 5 The Crisis of Realization of the Western System of Liberties and the Idea of European Unity between the Two World Wars 5.1 In the Shadow of Dictatorships 5.2 The Idea of Pan-Europa 5.3 Plans for a European Economic Union 5.3.1 The Dichotomy of Liberal versus Statist Economic Theory 5.3.2 Planning European Economic Unity 5.4 The Great Depression and the New Deal of Roosevelt 5.5 The Great Depression and Hitler's Europe -- 6. Fight for a Democratic Europe 6.1 Coudenhove-Kalergi and the Pan-European Movement 6.2 L'Ordre Nouveau and Personalist or Integral Federalism 6.3 The Resistance Movement-Launching the Policy of a European Democratic Federation Based on the Idea of Liberty -- 7. In Search of a New Europe: Three Alternatives 7.1 Atlantic Cooperation 7.2 Confronting the Legacy of Colonization-"Eurafrica" in a Decolonization Perspective 7.3 To Become a Great Power from Europe's Own Democratic Forces: The Federalist Reform -- 8. Realizing the Idea of European Unity in the Framework of the Council of Europe 8.1 The Hague Congress (1948): Intergovernmentalist, Federalist, and Functionalist Bases of a European Union 8.2 Intergovernmentalist Majority and the Council of Europe -- 9. Shaping the Supranational European Union 9.1 Functionalist Sectoral Integration: The "Monnet-Method" 9.1.1 Criticism of the "Monnet-Method" by Contemporaries 9.2 Supranationalism toward Federalism (1952-1954) 9.3 The Rome Treaties and the European Economic Community (1957) 9.4 De Gaulle's Intergovernmentalist "European Concert" 9.5 Spinelli: Relaunching Integration, Reviving Federalism 9.6 The Delors's Reform: Federation of Nation States and of People 9.7 European Union (1992): A New Type of Federalist Functionalist and Intergovernmentalist Functionalist Union of States Based on Subsidiarity and Multilevelism -- 10 Outlook: Future Paths and Perspectives -- 11 The World and Europe (EU): Some Responses to the Challenge of European Modernity 11.1 Responses from India (Gandhi and Nehru) 11.2 Some African Answers (Nkrumah, Senghor, Nyerere) 11.3 Responses and Challenges from Confucian East Asia (Japan, China) 11.3.1 The Japanese Answer (Yukichi Fukuzawa) 11.3.2 The Chinese Responses and Challenge (K'ang Yu-wei, Sun Yat-sen, Mao Zedong,Deng Xiaoping) 11.4 The Vision of Peaceful International Organization -- 12 Concluding Thoughts Bibliography About the Author Index.