Suchergebnisse

The main themes covered in this study concern the changes in die political and juridical status of die Dannbian Principalities (Moldavia, Wallachia and Serbia), following die Treaty of Adrianople, in the sense of defining tiieir internal autonomy, as well as die institutional transformations that followed, which shaped die modem architecture of die state, but also die means of interference and control of die protecting power, Russia. Analysed in a European constitutional context, die Organic Regiilations of die Romanian Principalities and die "constitrution" projects drafted in die Principality of Serbia tended to establish a political regime of mixed monarchy, of real modern substance, but also suitable for Russian interests in the Lower Danube region.

In almost seven decades of existence, NATO adopted seven strategic concepts, which consolidated significantly the role of this organisation in ensuring Euro-Atlantic security. The priorities promoted through these documents derived from the implementation of the North-Atlantic Treaty signed in Washington, in April 1949. Furthermore, it provides the framework for continuous adaptation of the way in which NATO is working, while optimising the Alliance approach towards security evolution. From this perspective, the radiography of the past decades indicates the existence of several decisive stages in the overall development of NATO strategic approach. The outcome of this process has become visible both in the maturity of the organisational profile as well as in the comprehensiveness of the tools developed for providing collective defence. In this vein, the strategic concepts have represented the landmarks of NATO's transformation process providing the practical and conceptual tenets, which have contributed to the efforts of maintaining the stability in Europe and to the consolidation of the activity of this organisation in the field of crisis management.

The last twenty-five years of the twentieth century were freighted with important moments for historians of economic thought: the collapse of the Keynesian consensus, the rise (and fall) of monetarism, the collapse of the former Soviet Union and the other Marxist-Leninist states in central and eastern Europe, the rise of neo-liberalism, and arguments over the possible emergence of a "New Economy" following the internet investment boom at the end of the 1990s. Each of these moments will require its own history as we slowly move away from the tumult of the times and begin to weigh them for their own significance. But several of the moments have a common iconic face in Margaret Thatcher, the Prime Minister of Great Britain from 1979 to 1990. Few other individuals so readily embody the sense of the times. Thatcher's election—a full year and a half before Ronald Reagan's—marks for many people the moment when Keynesian policies finally and irretrievably lost their legitimacy. Likewise, the timing of her election, just two months before Paul Volcker's selection as the chair of the Federal Reserve Board of Governors in the United States, also means that for many people Thatcher's is the public face of monetarism's ascendancy. Finally, there is probably no one person whose name is so clearly associated with the rise of free market thinking and neo-liberalism during the end of the twentieth century.

Kang, David C.: International relations theory and East Asian history : an overview

For over three decades the work of Antonia I. Castañeda has shaped the fields of Western History and Chicana Studies. From her early articles on Chicana representation and political economy, to her most recent work mapping gendered violence and gendered resistance in the history of the U.S. Southwest, her work is consistently taught in classrooms and cited extensively. Yet Castañeda's work has been scattered throughout journals and anthologies, a "paper chase" for historians to track down. Three Decades of Engendering History ends the chase. This volume, edited by Linda Heidenreich, collects ten of Castañeda's best articles, including the widely circulated article "Engendering the History of Alta California, 1769-1848," in which she took a direct and honest look at sex and gender relations in colonial California. Demonstrating that there is no romantic past to which we can turn, she exposed stories of violence against women, as well as stories of survival and resistance. Other articles included are the prize-winning "Women of Color and the Rewriting of Western History," and two recent articles, "Lullabies y Canciones de Cuna" and "La Despedida." The latter two represent Castañeda's most recent work excavating, mapping, and bringing forth the long and strong post-WWII history of Tejanas. Finally, the volume includes three interviews with Antonia Castañeda, conducted by Luz María Gordillo, that contribute the important narrative of her lived experiences, political perspective, her commitment to initiate and develop scholarship that highlights gender and Chicanas as a legitimate line of inquiry, and her drive to center Chicanas as historical subjects.

This article examines the use of information by British trade unions to react to occupational change. Using a case study of the response to welding by the Boilermakers' Society, it looks at the barriers that prevented the use of information. It then examines the rise of trade union research departments. This leads to an outline of a framework for looking at the ways in which trade unions used information, based on their attitude towards their environment. The article suggests that an "information perspective" is a useful supplement to existing ways of examining trade union history which may shed new light on their development.

History as a Magistra Vitae encompasses a lot of mutually complementing research and teaching subjects. It should be taught step by step from local and simple items up to global generalizations taking into account the age, educational level, and professional interests of audience. The pupils at the primary and secondary schools learn at first about their native towns or districts, later in more detail about their motherland as a whole, and common patterns of Europe with just basic names and data of the World. The higher schools are to combine minimal information of history necessary for any civilized human being with emphasized attention at the respective fields' past separately for future lawyers, physicians, engineers, etc. In Ukraine as an extremely exhausted nation it is crucially important to break deeply rooted complex of inferiority, to prove indivisibility of domestic history with East-Central and the rest of Europe. We should overcome as soon as possible a situation when large territories had been devastated by Holodomor and colonized by alien settlers from other parts of the Soviet Union after this genocide. The newcomers' offspring gradually will get accommodated to their new homeland yet during Transition they are an easy target for destructive impacts from abroad. To counteract subversive propaganda, we need highly educated teachers and lecturers. The pro-European liberals in Ukraine had been exterminated by notorious totalitarian purges or forced to exile and replaced by mercenaries of Russian revanchist forces. The huge traditional Universities hardly can be reformed and modernized, as they inherited stereotypes and prejudices from the past. Newly created, seemingly more flexible and certainly less corrupted higher schools attract capable and ambitious people yet their alumni feel temptation of more easy opportunities. Ukraine needs patriots now more than ever desperately fighting for survival against aggressor in current Hybrid war. The prospects look optimistic, yet for the time being it requires a lot of efforts. History teaching becomes still more important to promote unity of interdependent philological, historical, political, and state making generations of national rebirth aimed at the repatriation to modernity. ; Історія, вчителька життя, охоплює низку навзаєм доповнюваних понять. Її треба навчати поступово, крок за кроком, від місцевих сюжетів до всесвітніх узагальнень, щоразу беручи до уваги вік, освітній рівень і фахову зацікавленість конкретної аудиторії. Учні початкових і середніх шкіл довідуються спочатку про рідні міста і райони, потім докладніше про батьківщину в цілому, спільні підва- лини і найважливіші явища Європи, засадничі імена і факти решти світу. Заклади вищої освіти мають на меті сполучити у випускників мінімум знань, необхідних будь-якій цивілізованій людині, та переважну увагу до попереднього розвитку вужчих сфер інтересів майбутніх правників, інженерів, лікарів тощо. У виснаженій тоталітарним геноцидом нації перехідної доби треба зламати міцно вкорінений комплекс меншовартості, довести неподільність вітчизняної історії та ментальності з довкіллям у Східно-Центральній Європі, збагнути сенс європейської спільноти, простежити на прикладі України філологічне, історичне, політичне, державотворче покоління Відродження в репатріації до глобальної сучасності. Задум Могилянської академії базовано на передумовах її розгортання в міжнародний осередок комбіновано-компаративної гуманістики з міжпредметної синхронізації викладання вітчизняної та всесвітньої історії до міжвідомчої галузевої координації з культурологією, мистецтвознавством, юриспруденцією, філософією, політологією та іншими дотичними науками.