This dissertation is an ethnographic exploration of the everyday life of Latin American day laborers -jornaleros- in Berkeley, California. Based on more than two years of fieldwork consisting of participant observation on the streets and neighborhoods these men inhabit, my research follows the daily experience of marginalization of two-dozen immigrants. Working informally on street hiring sites day laborers actively participate in the US economy while they are marginalized through the very nature of the work they undertake and a disjuncture between substantive forms of citizenship and formal recognition of their social status. This study addresses the nature of informal work, the harsh living conditions, separation from home, and contact with state and NGO bureaucracies that jornaleros must face to survive. I argue that the nature of day labor precludes the consolidation of strong ties of solidarity on the street, making day laborers' ability to organize and offer each other support virtually impossible. The first two chapters describe the tenuous balance between maintaining social and labor networks and maximizing one's individual exposure to employers amidst a life of solitude and seclusion that are products of street violence and fear of immigration enforcement. Day laborers emerge as a population isolated from the rest of US society who must become visible to make ends meet, while at the same time remaining "under the radar," hidden behind closed doors and in fear of the world around them. I explore the various forms of racialization that the men must engage in order to learn to live in the United States and that regiment their interactions with employers. Chapter three follows some of the men on the long and tedious paths through which they try to obtain legal redress for work related abuse and injury. My research shows how the institutional bureaucracy that is supposed to help "undocumented" immigrants follows rationales that exclude their cases because they represent very little money, or are simply too complicated to make it worth their time. Sociality on the street plays an important role in this course of action, since the corner is virtually the only place where the men have access to information that can guide them in the process. I suggest that through this sociality a new subjectivity arises, one I call "street corner cosmopolitanism," that both shapes the men's experience in the US and hinders their access to services that they see as inefficient and that they incorrectly assume to result in contact with the police or immigration services. Amidst these interactions, I study the practices of documentation that jornaleros have access to and their relationship to formal and substantive forms of citizenship. Car ownership, insurance, bank accounts, and fake documents result in various practices that both make the life of "undocumented" immigrants possible -and sometimes very similar to that of legal residents and citizens- and assure their marginalization. I develop the concept of para-citizenship to describe this disjuncture arguing that day laborers are governed through alternate regimes of governmentality that replicate some of the central aspects of formal citizenship but that can never be legitimized by the state. In my work this is made visible by state tactics of terror where immigration raids aimed at other immigrant populations result in a wave of rumors and panic that reinforces the notion that no matter how much access to services is available, jornaleros must remain invisible in order to survive. In the last chapter I explore sexuality and the tensions between the men and their families back home as they are talked and joked about at the site. The Sancho emerges as a trope through which jornaleros express their fears of loosing their wives and children, and the very harsh reality that while many of them live almost monastic lives of poverty, they are assumed to be "living it up" in the North. Finally, I address the disarticulation of the men's identities as husbands, fathers, and ultimately the threats to their notions of masculinity. Here the analogies between day labor and prostitution some of the day laborers joke about melt into reality as they face not only the commodification of their labor, but of their bodies as well. Day labor, I argue, renders this population vulnerable not in the specificities of each of these aspects of their marginalization, but in the ways that they are each articulated into everyday life.
El presente trabajo realiza un análisis acerca del rol de la educación y de la escuela en particular como una institución productora de subjetividad en el marco de las denominadas sociedades disciplinarias del siglo XIX, para luego adentrarse en una reflexión sobre cómo este rol ha ido modificándose con las transformaciones de la segunda mitad del siglo XX que dieron paso a las sociedades del gerenciamiento o del control. En la primera parte se presenta un breve recorrido histórico tomando aportes de la teoría foucaultiana para visualizar cómo la escuela se constituyó como un espacio que tenía la finalidad de producir cierto tipo de subjetividad en una época marcada por una serie de tecnologías de gobierno que buscaban encauzar las conductas de las personas. Luego se analiza cómo esta lógica de ejercicio del poder se fue transformando después de la segunda guerra mundial y los cambios estructurales que surgieron a partir de entonces, dando paso a nuevas tecnologías de gobierno y a una lógica de responsabilización del sujeto vinculada a la noción de gubernamentalidad que implicará que la escuela también forme otro tipo de subjetividad. Por último, se presenta una reflexión acerca de cómo a partir de estos cambios, surge el paradigma de la gestión escolar como una herramienta para poder llevar adelante los procesos educativos de manera eficiente bajo la retórica de la autonomía escolar en el marco de las sociedades del gerenciamiento neoliberales, destacando algunos aportes críticos y reflexivos sobre lo que puede producir la escuela a pesar de esta lógica competitiva. ; The present study analyzes the role of education, and particularly of school, as an institution that produces subjectivity within the disciplinary societies' framework of the nineteenth century, reflecting on how this role has been modified with transformations of the second half of the twentieth century that gave way to the societies of management or control. In the first part, a brief historical path is presented, taking into account Foucault's theory to visualize how school was constituted as a organism that had the purpose of producing a certain type of subjectivity in an era marked by a series of government technologies that sought to conduct and manage people's behavior. The way this logic of exercise of power was transformed after World War II and the structural changes that emerged thereafter, originating new technologies of government and a logic of individual's responsibility linked to the notion of governmentality -which will imply the development of another type of subjectivity by school, is analyzed. Finally, a reflection is presented on how, starting from these changes, school management paradigm emerges as a tool to carry out efficiently educational processes under the rhetoric of school autonomy within neoliberal management societies, highlighting some critical and reflective contributions on what the school can produce despite this competitive logic. ; Este artigo faz uma análise sobre o papel da educação e da escola, em particular, como uma instituição produtora de subjetividade no âmbito das chamadas sociedades disciplinares do século XIX, e em seguida, digite uma reflexão sobre como esse papel foi modificado com as transformações da segunda metade do século XX deu lugar às empresas na gestão ou controle. Na primeira parte de um breve passeio histórico tomando contribuições da teoria Foucault para mostrar como a escola foi estabelecida como um espaço que se destinava a produzir um certo tipo de subjetividade marcada por uma série de tecnologias de governo em busca de levar os comportamentos das pessoas. Discute como este exercício do poder foi então transformar a Segunda Guerra Mundial e as mudanças estruturais que surgiram depois, dando lugar a novas tecnologias de governo e uma lógica de responsabilização do assunto ligado à noção de governamentalidade que envolverá a escola também constitui outro tipo de subjetividade. Finalmente, uma reflexão sobre como a partir dessas mudanças, o paradigma da gestão escolar como uma ferramenta para realizar processos de ensino eficientemente sob a retórica da autonomia das escolas no âmbito das sociedades surge apresentado gestão neoliberal, destacando algumas contribuições críticas e reflexivas sobre o que a escola pode produzir apesar desta lógica competitiva ; Fil: Quiroga, Alberto Ramiro. Universidad Nacional de Salta. Facultad de Humanidades. Escuela de Ciencias de la Educación. Instituto de Investigación En Psicología y Educación; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina
Équipe de recherche associée à la thèse : Cités Territoires Environnement et Sociétés (UMR 7324 CITERES), Tours ; يحفل تجمّع طرابلس الفيحاء في لبنان بتاريخ مركّب ومضطرب. فمنذ قرن يجد المجتمع الطرابلسي نفسه في مواجهة تحوّلات جذريّة عميقة متعدِّدة الأسباب والنتائج، غير أنّها مرتبطة أساساً بإعادة تشكّل بُنى هذا المجتمع الاقتصادية بعد اندماجه في بنية لبنان الحديث.وبعد أن كانت هذه المدينة قديماً حاضرة تجاريّة مشّعة، مرشّحة للعب دور إقليمي ودولي، راحت تفقد بمرور الزمن ديناميتها الاقتصاديّة، ولم تعد تنتج لسكّانها ما يكفي من ثروات لتأمين استمرار حياة مزدهرة كما في الماضي. فبات على أهل طرابلس أن يجدوا خبزهم في مدينة تحوّلت إلى مسرحٍ لنزعات مسلّحة و اقتصاديّة وصراعات بين الرموز. تنطلق أطروحتنا من فرضيّة وجود اقتصاد مبنيّ أساساً على الدخل العقاري والمردود الريعي وعلى المضاربات. وهي تتناول تأمّلاً في أسباب نموذج الإنتاج المديني الخاصّ هذا، وتحليلاً لمحتواه الحقيقيّ ولآليّاته وتأثيراته، وذلك على ضوء دراسة الحيّز المكاني من خلال علاقته بالزمن وارتباطما بثلاثة مشاريع عمرانيّة : إعداد وتنظيم الشاطىء، ضمّ وفرز البساتين المحيطة بالمدينة بهدف خلق عقارات سكنيّة جديدة، إعادة تأهيل المدينة القديمة.عاينّا كلاً من الحلات الثلاث من خلال ديناميّتها المكانيّة والتاريخيّة والاجتماعيّة السياسيّة، وذلك على أربعة مستويات : محليّ ومناطقي وقُطري ودولي. وقد قادنا تحليل نظم العمل الفاعلة التي تميّز كل حالة إلى التأمّل في معنى "العمرانيّة" (urbanité) وعلاقتها بما قد يكون "المُدُنيّة (citadinité) " أي علاقة الناس بفضائهم العمراني - الواقعة في قلب التحوّلات التي تشهدها طرابلس. وقد أفضى هذا التحليل بنا إلى التساؤل، على مستوى أكثر شمولاً، عن الطبيعة الجوهريّة للسلطة التي تُمارس في هذه المدينة. أخيرًا، فقد وصلت بنا هذه الأسئلة إلى النظر في تكوّن ووجود ما يحلو لبيار بورديو أن يسمّيه وهمًا بدخل ريعيّ عقاريّ (illusio)، يتولّد عن "إحساس مشترك (affect commun) " بهيج، ويساهم في الوقت عينه في إعادة توليد هذا الإحساس. وبحسب باروخ سبينوزا، فإنّ ذلك يوصل إلى حالة من "التسلّط المُمَأسس" (imperium) يصعب تحمّل نتائجه سواء على المستوى البشري أم على مستوى آليات الحكم. ; Die Agglomeration von Tripoli Al-Fayha'a (Libanon) ist reich an komplexer und bewegter Geschichte. ...
Following its mobilisation by practitioners, the notion of social acceptability has been sparking interest and causing embarrassment among social scientists. This article contributes to the recent effort to clarify and question this notion, taking a national programme of socio-technical experimentation dedicated to smart grids in Japan as a case study. Although four "Smart Communities" have been designated, the peculiarity of this programme is the fact that the Japanese state is the initiator and supervisor of the experimentation. The latter is part of the state and private sector led strategy for producing the social acceptability of smart grids and their related products, equipments and services. This article analyses the concrete policy tools implemented, with a specific focus on the knowledge they are based upon. Smart Communities mobilise results from research in behavioural sciences (social psychology, behavioural economics) and marketing techniques in order to ensure the passive and active acceptance of users. The implementation of socio-technical experimentation allows for a hybrid way of producing social acceptability which is also part of a broader process of governmentalisation of practices that use energy which is paradoxically not based on ecological arguments. ; Dans la continuité de sa mobilisation par les praticiens, la notion d'acceptabilité sociale suscite depuis quelques années un intérêt croissant, combiné à un certain embarras, auprès des chercheurs en sciences sociales. Cet article contribue aux efforts récents de clarification et de questionnement de cette notion à partir d'un programme national d'expérimentation sociotechnique consacré aux réseaux électriques « intelligents » au Japon. Bien que quatre « Smart Communities » aient été sélectionnées pour porter cette expérimentation, ce cas d'étude présente la spécificité d'être impulsé par l'État japonais. Elles s'inscrivent dans la stratégie nationale de production de l'acceptabilité sociale des réseaux électriques « intelligents » et des ...
Équipe de recherche associée à la thèse : Cités Territoires Environnement et Sociétés (UMR 7324 CITERES), Tours ; يحفل تجمّع طرابلس الفيحاء في لبنان بتاريخ مركّب ومضطرب. فمنذ قرن يجد المجتمع الطرابلسي نفسه في مواجهة تحوّلات جذريّة عميقة متعدِّدة الأسباب والنتائج، غير أنّها مرتبطة أساساً بإعادة تشكّل بُنى هذا المجتمع الاقتصادية بعد اندماجه في بنية لبنان الحديث.وبعد أن كانت هذه المدينة قديماً حاضرة تجاريّة مشّعة، مرشّحة للعب دور إقليمي ودولي، راحت تفقد بمرور الزمن ديناميتها الاقتصاديّة، ولم تعد تنتج لسكّانها ما يكفي من ثروات لتأمين استمرار حياة مزدهرة كما في الماضي. فبات على أهل طرابلس أن يجدوا خبزهم في مدينة تحوّلت إلى مسرحٍ لنزعات مسلّحة و اقتصاديّة وصراعات بين الرموز. تنطلق أطروحتنا من فرضيّة وجود اقتصاد مبنيّ أساساً على الدخل العقاري والمردود الريعي وعلى المضاربات. وهي تتناول تأمّلاً في أسباب نموذج الإنتاج المديني الخاصّ هذا، وتحليلاً لمحتواه الحقيقيّ ولآليّاته وتأثيراته، وذلك على ضوء دراسة الحيّز المكاني من خلال علاقته بالزمن وارتباطما بثلاثة مشاريع عمرانيّة : إعداد وتنظيم الشاطىء، ضمّ وفرز البساتين المحيطة بالمدينة بهدف خلق عقارات سكنيّة جديدة، إعادة تأهيل المدينة القديمة.عاينّا كلاً من الحلات الثلاث من خلال ديناميّتها المكانيّة والتاريخيّة والاجتماعيّة السياسيّة، وذلك على أربعة مستويات : محليّ ومناطقي وقُطري ودولي. وقد قادنا تحليل نظم العمل الفاعلة التي تميّز كل حالة إلى التأمّل في معنى "العمرانيّة" (urbanité) وعلاقتها بما قد يكون "المُدُنيّة (citadinité) " أي علاقة الناس بفضائهم العمراني - الواقعة في قلب التحوّلات التي تشهدها طرابلس. وقد أفضى هذا التحليل بنا إلى التساؤل، على مستوى أكثر شمولاً، عن الطبيعة الجوهريّة للسلطة التي تُمارس في هذه المدينة. أخيرًا، فقد وصلت بنا هذه الأسئلة إلى النظر في تكوّن ووجود ما يحلو لبيار بورديو أن يسمّيه وهمًا بدخل ريعيّ عقاريّ (illusio)، يتولّد عن "إحساس مشترك (affect commun) " بهيج، ويساهم في الوقت عينه في إعادة توليد هذا الإحساس. وبحسب باروخ سبينوزا، فإنّ ذلك يوصل إلى حالة من "التسلّط المُمَأسس" (imperium) يصعب تحمّل نتائجه سواء على المستوى البشري أم على مستوى آليات الحكم. ; Die Agglomeration von Tripoli Al-Fayha'a (Libanon) ist reich an komplexer und bewegter Geschichte. ...
This thesis discusses policies, discourses and institutionalizations of the green economy in the Global South, and analyzes how the green economy is being implemented in the Global South particularly through the case of the new green revolution in Africa and the Southern Agricultural Growth Corridor of Tanzania (SAGCOT). The objective of the thesis is to examine how the green economy agenda is transferred from the global discursive level to implementation in the Global South and transformed in the process. The aim is to provide insights into the processes and mechanisms that guide green economy implementation in the Global South. The contribution of this study lies within the exploration and examination of how, as a global environmental discourse, the green economy translates to policy implementation and how it transforms in the process towards institutionalization in the Global South. Since the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development, Rio+20, in 2012, "greening" economies and growth has been of key importance in international politics. Leading policy actors and businesses increasingly frame the emerging green economy as an opportunity to realize a triple-bottom line comprising people, planet and profit. A two-fold trend seems to have emerged in the global green shift. In the Global North, the green economy usually means market-based solutions and technological innovation to make energy sectors more environmentally sustainable. By contrast, in the Global South, green economy implementations often imply transformed and modernized management or utilization of – or control over – natural resources, often under schemes that are driven from abroad. While there is a growing body of research on various implementations and outcomes of the green economy, particularly technological innovations and market-based solutions, less attention has been paid to policy implications and governance aspects. This is especially the case for the Global South. For this reason, the aim of this study is to examine and discuss the processes and discursive powers that influence these trends. I apply an overall political ecology framework to understand how a global environmental discourse is translated into policies concerning the environment and natural resources. I explore how these policies are implemented in a developing country, on the basis of discursive powers and power structures. I use an overall discourse approach, especially the concepts of discourse institutionalization and governmentality, to explain how policies are formed and implemented in practice. Finally, I employ the concept of institutional bricolage to explain how the green economy has been adopted and reshaped in green economy institutionalization in the Global South. These theoretical approaches are framed in an overall critical realist epistemology. The research for this thesis has been undertaken by using a qualitative research design, and the data collection methods consisted particularly of qualitative interviews, document analysis, event ethnography, and discourse analysis. Part II of the thesis comprises three individual papers that all contribute to answering the research questions and fulfilling the study objectives. The papers discuss the implementation of the green economy in the Global South in different ways. However, common to all the three papers is the examination of how actors find new ways of opportunistically engaging with the green economy as an agenda and a discourse. All three papers explore a certain "spatial fix" element of green economy implementation in the Global South. Furthermore, they all explore some level of discourse institutionalization or influence, and draw on how discourses, informed by narratives, drive the green economy. Finally, the papers all show how a certain shift in management of natural resources is being formed by a modernization discourse under the implementation of the green economy in the Global South. This thesis extends existing research in three main ways. First, it demonstrates how discursive drivers informed by narratives influence green economy policies and agendas. Second, it examines how the green economy and the new green revolution for Africa have merged. Third, and finally, it empirically explores one example of a green economy implementation in the Global South, namely the Southern Agricultural Growth Corridor of Tanzania (SAGCOT). Based on the findings from this research, I argue that there is reason to claim that so far the green economy has not succeeded in fulfilling its ambitious targets, but rather it has led to two distinct processes when implemented in the Global South. One process is "grabbing green" and greenwashing due to the need for "spatial fixes" caused by dynamics inherent to capitalism. The other process is modernization of natural resource management, which may lead to transformed control over the use of natural resources, such as land, or transformation of agricultural practices. ; Denne avhandlingen diskuterer grønn økonomi som et globalt politisk og diskursivt rammeverk som for alvor fikk fotfeste på den internasjonale dagsordenen etter FN-toppmøtet i Rio i 2012 (Rio+20). Målet med denne studien er å undersøke og diskutere prosessen hvor grønn økonomi går fra å være en miljøstyringsdiskurs og et politisk rammeverk på globalt plan, til å bli implementert i det globale Sør gjennom ulike initiativer og miljøpolitiske retningslinjer. Studien bidrar med kunnskap om de prosessene, mekanismene og aktørene som styrer og påvirker implementeringen av grønn økonomi i det globale Sør. Grønn økonomi og vekst har vært sentralt på den internasjonale dagsordenen og for nasjonale regjeringer verden over siden Rio+20-toppmøtet. Men hvordan en grønn økonomi skal implementeres i praksis, er ikke like tydelig. Grovt sett kan vi skille mellom to ulike tilnærminger til implementering av grønn økonomi; i det globale Nord skjer denne oftest via markedsbaserte løsninger på klima- og miljøproblemer, samt en urokkelig tro på at teknologisk innovasjon skal løse utfordringene verden står ovenfor. I det globale Sør, derimot, ser grønn økonomi ut til å ofte innebære endringer og modernisering i forvaltningen av naturressurser, samt i hvordan disse utnyttes og kontrolleres i de såkalt grønne sektorene. Slik styring over naturressurser forekommer typisk i ulike «grønne» initiativer som er drevet av eksterne aktører, ofte via multinasjonale selskaper og privat utenlandsk sektor. Vi ser videre at ledende aktører innen beslutningstaking og næringsliv i økende grad benytter den sterkt fremvoksende grønne økonomien for å støtte oppunder og rettferdiggjøre sine egne ambisjoner, som ofte kan være relativt perifere fra den grønne økonomiens uttalte mål om bærekraftig utvikling, grønn vekst og fattigdomsreduksjon. Teknologiske og økonomiske aspekter ved den grønne økonomien er bredt diskutert i eksisterende forskning, men politiske og institusjonelle aspekter ved innføringen av grønn økonomi, særlig i utviklingsland, har ikke blitt viet like mye oppmerksomhet. Denne studien har derfor som mål å diskutere implikasjonene av, samt aktørene og de diskursive kreftene, som påvirker og styrer implementering av grønn økonomi. Studien tar utgangspunkt i politisk økologi for å forstå hvordan en global, hegemonisk miljøstyringsdiskurs overføres til politiske rammeverk innen naturressursforvaltning på nasjonalt og lokalt plan. Særlig er det interessant og aktuelt å se på dette via ulike maktperspektiver, samt hvordan disse politiske rammeverkene implementeres i det globale Sør. Videre er denne studien underordnet en diskursiv innramming, primært ved å benytte konseptene diskursinstitusjonalisering og 'governmentality' ('styringsmentalitet') for å forklare hvordan politiske rammeverk formes og blir implementert. Disse teoretiske tilnærmingene er forankret i den epistemologiske vitenskapsfilosofien kritisk realisme. Sist, men ikke minst, har jeg anvendt det teoretiske konseptet institusjonell 'bricolage' for å forklare hvordan grønn økonomi har blitt tatt i bruk og omformulert i institusjonaliseringen av grønn politikk og «grønne» initiativer i det globale Sør. Forskningen som danner det empiriske grunnlaget for denne avhandlingen, har blitt gjennomført under en kvalitativ metodologisk tilnærming, hvor datainnsamling hovedsakelig har bestått av dybdeintervjuer, dokumentanalyse, konferanseetnografi og diskursanalyse. Avhandlingen består av tre individuelle vitenskapelige artikler som alle bidrar til å svare på de forskningsspørsmålene studien stiller. De tre artiklene diskuterer implementeringen av grønn økonomi i det globale Sør på forskjellige måter. Felles for dem er likevel en redegjørelse for hvordan aktører finner nye måter å utnytte den grønne økonomien både som agenda og diskurs. Artiklene diskuterer i tillegg hvordan implementering av grønn økonomi bærer preg av kapitalismens behov for å ekspandere ('spatial fix'). Videre analyserer de hvordan diskurser påvirker politikk, strategier, retningslinjer og rammeverk, særlig hvordan narrativer og diskurser driver grønn økonomi. Endelig, og sentralt for hele avhandlingen, illustrerer alle tre artiklene hvordan inngripen i, og modernisering av, naturressursforvaltning er grunnleggende for hvordan grønn økonomi implementeres i det globale Sør. Avhandlingen utfyller eksisterende forskning på hovedsakelig tre måter. For det første demonstrerer den hvordan diskursive krefter og narrativer påvirker politiske strategier og retningslinjer for grønn økonomi. For det andre utforsker den hvordan den grønne økonomien og den nye, grønne revolusjonen i Afrika har blitt sammenblandet under felles mål og retorikk. For det tredje utforsker den et empirisk eksempel av hvordan grønn økonomi implementeres i det globale sør, gjennom Tanzanias jordbrukskorridor The Southern Agricultural Growth Corridor of Tanzania (SAGCOT). Denne avhandlingen argumenterer for at ulike initiativer under grønn økonomi er dypt formet av utvalgte elementer som politiske aktører velger å inkludere eller ekskludere i sine tilnærminger og politiske rammeverk. På bakgrunn av funnene i denne studien, er det grunn til å tro at grønn økonomi så langt ikke har lyktes i å innfri sine ambisiøse mål, men snarere ført til to distinkte prosesser når den har blitt implementert i det globale Sør. Disse er, for det første, en «kapring» av den grønne diskursen og «grønnvasking» som en konsekvens av interne motsetninger og dynamikker i det kapitalistiske systemet, og for det andre, modernisering av naturressursforvaltning, som kan føre til endret kontroll over tilgang til og bruken av naturressurser.
ilustraciones ; Este trabajo busca evaluar el rol de la contabilidad en la constitución de subjetividades en estudiantes universitarios de Colombia entre 2000 y 2015, analizando la concepción que se promueve en las personas que aspiran y acceden a la educación superior mediante un crédito educativo; para ello, se adopta el marco de la gubernamentalidad posibilitado por la deuda (Foucault, 1988; Lazzarato, 2015). Vincula las perspectivas de investigación que asumen la contabilidad como una práctica que contribuye al ejercicio de poder en la sociedad biopolítica (Mennicken y Miller, 2012, 2014), que condiciona la conducta con parámetros predefinidos, en este caso, promueve un imaginario de los beneficios financieros futuros de las personas con titulación universitaria. Examina las justificaciones económicas de la educación que soporta las evaluaciones y las recomendaciones de los organismos multilaterales, al identificar su relación con las políticas púbicas que orientan los programas que promueven la educación superior como un mercado, a las titulaciones como un bien de mérito y a los estudiantes como consumidores-inversores. Para exponer este proceso, se examinan los sistemas de información educativa, y se analiza el contenido de los mensajes difundidos en medios masivos, la publicidad del sector y algunos testimonios de beneficiarios de los programas, identificando los mecanismos de la conducción de la población hacia prácticas de gestión de sí. De este modo, la problematización, la formulación de programas y el despliegue de tecnologías de punición y control, posibilitan la emergencia de una nueva mentalidad estudiantil financiarizada, donde la contabilidad es determinante al permitir la proyección de ingresos y egresos derivados de la titulación. ; This work seeks to evaluate the role of accounting in the constitution of subjectivities in university students in Colombia between 2000 and 2015, analyzing the conception promoted in people who aspire and access higher education through student loans; for this purpose, the framework of governmentality enabled by debt is adopted (Foucault, 1988; Lazzarato, 2015). It links research perspectives that assume accounting as a practice that contributes to the exercise of power in biopolitical society (Mennicken y Miller, 2012, 2014a), conditioning behavior with predefined parameters, in this case, promoting an imaginary of the future financial benefits of individuals with university degrees. It examines the economic justifications of education that support the evaluations and recommendations of multilateral agencies, identifying their relationship with public policies that guide programs that conceive higher education as a market, degrees as a merit good and students as consumers-investors. To show this process, the educational information systems are approached, and the content of the messages disseminated in the mass media, the advertising of the sector and some testimonies of beneficiaries of the programs are analyzed, identifying the mechanisms that lead the population towards self-management practices. In this way, the problematization, the formulation of programs and the deployment of technologies of punishment and control, make possible the emergence of a new financialized student mentality, where accounting is determinant in allowing the projection of income and expenses derived from the degree, where accounting is decisive in allowing the projection of income and expenditure derived from graduation. ; Cet article cherche à évaluer le rôle de la comptabilité dans la constitution des subjectivités des étudiants universitaires en Colombie entre 2000 et 2015, en analysant la conception qui est promue chez les personnes qui aspirent et accèdent à l'enseignement supérieur par le biais d'un crédit éducatif ; pour ce faire, il adopte le cadre de la gouvernementalité permise par la dette (Foucault, 1988 ; Lazzarato, 2015). Elle relie les perspectives de recherche qui supposent que la comptabilité est une pratique qui contribue à l'exercice du pouvoir dans la société biopolitique (Mennicken et Miller, 2012, 2014), qui conditionne le comportement avec des paramètres prédéfinis, dans ce cas, en promouvant un imaginaire des futurs avantages financiers des individus ayant des diplômes universitaires. Il examine les justifications économiques de l'éducation qui soutiennent les évaluations et les recommandations des agences multilatérales en identifiant leur relation avec les politiques publiques qui guident les programmes qui promeuvent l'enseignement supérieur comme un marché, les diplômes comme un bien de mérite et les étudiants comme des consommateurs-investisseurs. Pour exposer ce processus, nous examinons les systèmes d'information éducatifs, et analysons le contenu des messages diffusés dans les médias, la publicité du secteur et certains témoignages de bénéficiaires des programmes, en identifiant les mécanismes qui conduisent la population vers des pratiques d'autogestion. Ainsi, la problématisation, la formulation de programmes et le déploiement de technologies de sanction et de contrôle rendent possible l'émergence d'une nouvelle mentalité étudiante financiarisée, où la comptabilité est déterminante pour permettre la projection des revenus et des dépenses dérivés du diplôme. ; Maestría ; Magíster en Contabilidad y Finanzas ; Universidad, Educación y Contabilidad
학위논문 (석사) -- 서울대학교 대학원 : 사범대학 체육교육과,글로벌스포츠매니지먼트전공, 2020. 8. 강준호. ; 본연구의 목적은 타이페이돔의 건설을 둘러싼 갈등을 담론, 통치성, 그리고 이해관계자의 행위를 중심으로 분석하는 것이다. 타이페이돔의 건설, 즉 타이페이 문화 스포츠 공원 프로젝트는 스포츠 발전, 환경 문제, 그리고 도시 발전을 둘러싼 시각들이 교차하는 복잡한 케이스이다. 이 공공건축은 당초 타이페이를 더욱 포용적인 사회로 만들어 더 나은 미래를 제시하려 했지만, 고도로 정치화된 의사결정 구조로 인해 그러한 기획 의도는 관철될 수 없었다. 본 연구는 상기된 요소들의 관계에 대한 논의를 통해, 거대한 스포츠 프로젝트가 어떻게 스포츠 경영, 환경 정의, 그리고 도시 발전 등의 학제간 논의를 촉발시켰는지에 대한 분석한다. 의사결정과정에서 갈등이 유발된 원인을 보다 상세히 이해하기 위해서는 타이페이돔을 둘러싼 이해관계자들의 스포츠, 도시, 환경에 대한 인식을 이해할 필요가 있다. 이에 따라 본 연구는 세가지 연구문제를 제기한다. 첫째, 타이페이돔 건설을 둘러싼 이해관계자는 누구이며 각자가 추구하는 이익은 무엇인가? 둘째, 타이페이돔 건설의 의사결정과정은 무엇인가? 셋째, 의사결정과정에서 어떠한 이슈가 있었는가? 첫번째 연구문제에 대해 본 연구는 이해관계자 분석 방법론(Stakeholder Analysis)으로 타이페이돔을 둘러싼 이해관계자를 찬성과 반대연맹으로 분류하고자 한다. 두번째 문제에 있어, 본 연구는 먼저 찬성연맹의 프레임이 처음에 타이페이 돔의 의사결정과정을 형성하는 과정을 보여준다. 그리고 환경 정의의 프레임을 통해 본 연구는 타이페이 돔을 둘러싼 이해관계자들의 상호작용을 1998년부터 2020년까지 연대기적으로 분석한다. 세번째 연구문제는 앞선 두 연구문제에 대한 논의를 기반으로, 타이페이 돔과 관련된 의사결정과정에서의 갈등을 드러냄으로써 향후 연구의 방향성을 제시하고자 한다. ; The purpose of this study is to comprehend the controversy of Taipei Dome Complex Construction by analyzing the discourse, the governmentality, the actions of stakeholders, and the decision-making process of the Taipei Dome Complex. Taipei Dome Complex Construction, aka. Taipei Cultural and Sports Park Project is a complicated case intersecting with sport development, environmental issues, and the vision of urban development in Taipei. Although the representation of this public construction attempted to guide the city toward a better future in an inclusive society, the Taipei Dome Complex, however, failed to meet this expectation in a highly politicized decision-making context. This case study initiates the discussion of the relation among motioned-elements for illustrating how the sports mega-project sets off a chance to raise an interdisciplinary discussion among sport management, environmental justice, and urban development. To better understand the reason why causes this conflict in the decision-making process, it is necessary to identify the stakeholders for comprehending the controversy of sport, city, and environment in Taipei Dome Complex. In this regard, this study presents three research questions: RQ1. Who are the stakeholders, and what are their interests in Taipei Dome Complex Construction? RQ2. What is the decision-making process of Taipei Dome Complex Construction? And RQ3. What are the issues in the decision-making process? For answering RQ1, this study adopts the Stakeholder Analysis(SA) to discuss the attributes among stakeholders in the Taipei Dome Complex for categorizing them into two groups: the pros and cons of the coalition. To discuss RQ2, the Advocacy Coalition Framework (ACF) firstly builds up the decision-making process of the Taipei Dome Complex; the framework of Environmental Justices(EJ) leads this study to establish a chronological analysis from 1998 to 2020 for examining interactions amidst stakeholders in the context of Taipei Dome Complex. As for RQ3, based on the result of RQ1 and RQ2, RQ3 identifies issues causing the controversy in the decision-making process of the Taipei Dome Complex, thereby providing directions for future studies. ; Chapter 1. Introduction 1 1.1. Research Background 1 1.2. Research Purpose 16 1.3. Research Questions 16 1.4. Research Significances 17 Chapter 2. Review of Literature 20 2.1. Genealogy Study of the Sport-City-Environment 20 2.2. Sports and Geography 26 2.3. Sports and City 32 2.4. Sport-City and Environment 43 2.5. Context of Taipei Dome Complex Construction 53 Chapter 3. Methodology 71 3.1. Research Design 72 3.2. Research Procedure 87 3.3. Data Collection 88 3.3.1 Documentation and Archival Records 89 3.3.2 Interview 94 3.4. Data Analysis 97 Chapter 4. Results and Discussion 110 4.1. Stakeholder Analysis of Taipei Dome Complex 110 4.2. Decision-making Analysis of Taipei Dome Complex 174 4.2.1. Decision-making Process(1998~2006) 223 4.2.2. Decision-making Process(2006~2010) 256 4.2.3. Decision-making Process(2010~2014) 295 4.2.4. Decision-making Process(2014~2016) 318 4.2.5. Decision-making Process(2016~2018) 363 4.2.6. Decision-making Process(2018~) 396 4.3. Conflict Issues in the Decision-making Process 423 Chapter 5. Conclusion 437 5.1. Conclusion 437 5.2. Future Directions 439 Bibliography 442 Appendix I Interview Question (General) 490 Appendix II Interview Question (Specific) 492 Appendix III Definitions of Stakeholder Characteristics 495 Appendix IV Design of Taipei Dome Complex(2003~2015) 497 국 문 초 록 501 ; Master
학위논문 (석사) -- 서울대학교 대학원 : 사범대학 체육교육과,글로벌스포츠매니지먼트전공, 2020. 8. 강준호. ; 본연구의 목적은 타이페이돔의 건설을 둘러싼 갈등을 담론, 통치성, 그리고 이해관계자의 행위를 중심으로 분석하는 것이다. 타이페이돔의 건설, 즉 타이페이 문화 스포츠 공원 프로젝트는 스포츠 발전, 환경 문제, 그리고 도시 발전을 둘러싼 시각들이 교차하는 복잡한 케이스이다. 이 공공건축은 당초 타이페이를 더욱 포용적인 사회로 만들어 더 나은 미래를 제시하려 했지만, 고도로 정치화된 의사결정 구조로 인해 그러한 기획 의도는 관철될 수 없었다. 본 연구는 상기된 요소들의 관계에 대한 논의를 통해, 거대한 스포츠 프로젝트가 어떻게 스포츠 경영, 환경 정의, 그리고 도시 발전 등의 학제간 논의를 촉발시켰는지에 대한 분석한다. 의사결정과정에서 갈등이 유발된 원인을 보다 상세히 이해하기 위해서는 타이페이돔을 둘러싼 이해관계자들의 스포츠, 도시, 환경에 대한 인식을 이해할 필요가 있다. 이에 따라 본 연구는 세가지 연구문제를 제기한다. 첫째, 타이페이돔 건설을 둘러싼 이해관계자는 누구이며 각자가 추구하는 이익은 무엇인가? 둘째, 타이페이돔 건설의 의사결정과정은 무엇인가? 셋째, 의사결정과정에서 어떠한 이슈가 있었는가? 첫번째 연구문제에 대해 본 연구는 이해관계자 분석 방법론(Stakeholder Analysis)으로 타이페이돔을 둘러싼 이해관계자를 찬성과 반대연맹으로 분류하고자 한다. 두번째 문제에 있어, 본 연구는 먼저 찬성연맹의 프레임이 처음에 타이페이 돔의 의사결정과정을 형성하는 과정을 보여준다. 그리고 환경 정의의 프레임을 통해 본 연구는 타이페이 돔을 둘러싼 이해관계자들의 상호작용을 1998년부터 2020년까지 연대기적으로 분석한다. 세번째 연구문제는 앞선 두 연구문제에 대한 논의를 기반으로, 타이페이 돔과 관련된 의사결정과정에서의 갈등을 드러냄으로써 향후 연구의 방향성을 제시하고자 한다. ; The purpose of this study is to comprehend the controversy of Taipei Dome Complex Construction by analyzing the discourse, the governmentality, the actions of stakeholders, and the decision-making process of the Taipei Dome Complex. Taipei Dome Complex Construction, aka. Taipei Cultural and Sports Park Project is a complicated case intersecting with sport development, environmental issues, and the vision of urban development in Taipei. Although the representation of this public construction attempted to guide the city toward a better future in an inclusive society, the Taipei Dome Complex, however, failed to meet this expectation in a highly politicized decision-making context. This case study initiates the discussion of the relation among motioned-elements for illustrating how the sports mega-project sets off a chance to raise an interdisciplinary discussion among sport management, environmental justice, and urban development. To better understand the reason why causes this conflict in the decision-making process, it is necessary to identify the stakeholders for comprehending the controversy of sport, city, and environment in Taipei Dome Complex. In this regard, this study presents three research questions: RQ1. Who are the stakeholders, and what are their interests in Taipei Dome Complex Construction? RQ2. What is the decision-making process of Taipei Dome Complex Construction? And RQ3. What are the issues in the decision-making process? For answering RQ1, this study adopts the Stakeholder Analysis(SA) to discuss the attributes among stakeholders in the Taipei Dome Complex for categorizing them into two groups: the pros and cons of the coalition. To discuss RQ2, the Advocacy Coalition Framework (ACF) firstly builds up the decision-making process of the Taipei Dome Complex; the framework of Environmental Justices(EJ) leads this study to establish a chronological analysis from 1998 to 2020 for examining interactions amidst stakeholders in the context of Taipei Dome Complex. As for RQ3, based on the result of RQ1 and RQ2, RQ3 identifies issues causing the controversy in the decision-making process of the Taipei Dome Complex, thereby providing directions for future studies. ; Chapter 1. Introduction 1 1.1. Research Background 1 1.2. Research Purpose 16 1.3. Research Questions 16 1.4. Research Significances 17 Chapter 2. Review of Literature 20 2.1. Genealogy Study of the Sport-City-Environment 20 2.2. Sports and Geography 26 2.3. Sports and City 32 2.4. Sport-City and Environment 43 2.5. Context of Taipei Dome Complex Construction 53 Chapter 3. Methodology 71 3.1. Research Design 72 3.2. Research Procedure 87 3.3. Data Collection 88 3.3.1 Documentation and Archival Records 89 3.3.2 Interview 94 3.4. Data Analysis 97 Chapter 4. Results and Discussion 110 4.1. Stakeholder Analysis of Taipei Dome Complex 110 4.2. Decision-making Analysis of Taipei Dome Complex 174 4.2.1. Decision-making Process(1998~2006) 223 4.2.2. Decision-making Process(2006~2010) 256 4.2.3. Decision-making Process(2010~2014) 295 4.2.4. Decision-making Process(2014~2016) 318 4.2.5. Decision-making Process(2016~2018) 363 4.2.6. Decision-making Process(2018~) 396 4.3. Conflict Issues in the Decision-making Process 423 Chapter 5. Conclusion 437 5.1. Conclusion 437 5.2. Future Directions 439 Bibliography 442 Appendix I Interview Question (General) 490 Appendix II Interview Question (Specific) 492 Appendix III Definitions of Stakeholder Characteristics 495 Appendix IV Design of Taipei Dome Complex(2003~2015) 497 국 문 초 록 501 ; Master
[spa] La presente investigación tiene como objetivo contribuir a la comprensión de los usos políticos del patrimonio en las dinámicas de los nuevos movimientos vecinales patrimonialista surgidos en Chile en los últimos años (2005-2017). Para ello se centra en el estudio del caso del Barrio Yungay de Santiago de Chile —uno de los primeros barrios declarados Zona Típica (categoría de monumento nacional) por demanda de sus propios vecinos y vecinas—, cuyo proceso de patrimonialización se convirtió en un modelo a seguir por las organizaciones vecinales de varios barrios del país. La hipótesis que se maneja dentro de esta tesis, es que el patrimonio está siendo utilizado como una herramienta política reivindicativa por parte de las comunidades locales para promover la cohesión social en el barrio, reclamar ciertos derechos con respecto al acceso a la vivienda, a la diversidad socio-cultural y de clase, detener los procesos de gentrificación, exigir participación vecinal vinculante en los sistemas de gobernanza urbana, etc. La problemática de los usos políticos del patrimonio es un tema que está adquiriendo un interés creciente por parte del ámbito académico en los últimos años. Sin embargo, si bien se han explorado los usos políticos llevados a cabo desde el Estado-Nación y grupos privilegiados como estrategia de gubernamentalidad, pocos autores han profundizado en los usos reivindicativos que grupos minoritarios suelen llevar a cabo (Hernández Ramírez, 2002, 2006; Gómez Ferri, 2004; Smith y Campbell, 2011). La investigación que aquí se presenta establece vínculos entre estos usos reivindicativos y los problemas que afectan hoy en día a las ciudades que siguen un modelo desarrollo neoliberal. Es a raíz de los conflictos presentes en estas ciudades —radicados en la resistencia a políticas de desarrollo urbano hegemónicas; procesos de especulación inmobiliaria; deficiencias en la construcción de equipamientos urbanos; pérdida de derechos sociales; procesos de gentrificación, exclusión y segregación en el territorio, etc.— donde surgen nuevas conceptualizaciones y discursos subalternos de patrimonio generados por los movimientos sociales urbanos: discursos que aún no han sido profundizados en la literatura existente. A través de este estudio de caso, y siguiendo una orientación metodológiga cualitativa con un fuerte sesgo etnográfico, en esta investigación profundizamos en cómo el patrimonio no se trata sólo del pasado, sino también de su negociación y definición en torno a valores e intereses presentes. El comprender desde un ámbito académico como el que nos compete estas nuevas formas subalternas de acercarse al discurso del patrimonio a partir de los conflictos urbanos, implica velar por una democratización del discurso del patrimonio. ; [eng] The objective of this research is to contribute to the understanding of the political uses of heritage in the dynamics of the new patrimonialist neighborhood movements that have emerged in Chile in recent years (2005- 2017). To this end, it focuses on the case study of Santiago de Chile's Yungay Neighborhood —one of the first neighborhoods declared a Typical Zone (category of national monument) by demand of its own neighbors—, whose patrimonialization process became a model to be followed by other organizations in several neighborhoods of the country. The hypothesis handled within this thesis is that heritage is being used as a vindictive political tool by local communities to claim certain rights and demand binding neighborhood participation in urban governance systems. The problem of the political uses of heritage is an issue that has gained increasing interest from academia in recent years. However, although the political uses carried out by the Nation-State and privileged groups have been explored as a governmentality strategy, few authors have delved into the vindicative uses that minority groups usually carry out. The research presented here establishes links between these vindicative uses and the problems affecting cities today that follow a neoliberal development model. It is as a result of the conflicts present in these cities —rooted in resistance to hegemonic urban development policies; processes of real estate speculation; deficiencies in the construction of urban facilities; loss of social rights; processes of gentrification, exclusion and segregation in the territory, etc.— where new conceptualizations and subaltern discourses of heritage generated by urban social movements arise: discourses that have not yet been deepened in the existing literature. Through this case study, and following a qualitative methodological orientation with a strong ethnographic bias, in this research we delve into how heritage is not only about the past, but also about its negotiation and definition around present values and interests. To understand, from an academic perspective such as ours, these new subaltern ways of approaching the discourse of heritage from the point of view of urban conflicts implies ensuring a democratization of the discourse of heritage.
The investigative aim of this thesis is to explore the recontextualization of the normative discourse of gender equality in Kenya's policy discourse of women's rights. Its purpose is threefold: Firstly, it attempts to examine the different ways in which policy makers use language in the course of interpreting and implementing gender equality policies. This includes a focus on both the linguistic and rhetorical/discursive strategies that these policy makers employ for such functions as endorsing, negotiating, legitimating, or even contesting given policy proposals. Secondly, the thesis endeavours to bring to light the different and changing conceptions of gender (in)equality espoused by the various policy actors involved in Kenya's policy discourse of women's rights over a critical ten-year period between 1995 and 2005. These policy actors include the Kenyan government; women's non-governmental organizations (NGOs) who actively seek to influence government policy; and the United Nations' organizations with responsibility for ensuring the implementation of women's human rights. Thirdly, the thesis attempts to show the extent to which policy initiatives proposed by the human rights-based women's NGOs in Kenya are taken up in the texts produced by the Kenyan government. In order to gain a better understanding of the discursive interactions between and amongst the policy actors in this study, an intertextual approach to Norman Fairclough's model of critical discourse analysis (CDA) was used. The thesis drew discourse samples for analysis from the Kenyan government's periodic reports detailing progress towards fully meeting the terms of the Convention on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW); the documents produced by the Committee overseeing the Convention that provided assessment of the Kenyan government's reports; the Kenyan government's official texts on gender policy; and Kenyan women NGOs' annual reports and other texts. Though many scholars and researchers of women's rights praise the UN Committee's imperatives for bringing about policy changes concerning women's rights globally, the findings from this study confirm that the Committee for CEDAW has only textual power, and that it lacks enforcement powers to ensure the implementation of the universal rights of women within the local milieu. In a similar vein, this study demonstrates that though the women's NGOs play a significant role both in terms of identifying important areas of concern for policy intervention, and in necessitating changes in the genres of the national government, their participation has largely failed to ensure the Kenyan government's epistemological shift from its current state of recognizing the existence of women's rights, to the phase of implementing them. This thesis also establishes that differing conceptions of gender (in)equality and ideological differences between the Committee for CEDAW and the Kenyan government tend to influence both the Committee's and the Kenyan government's use of varied discourses, genres, and styles, with the intent of manipulating to outmanoeuvre one another. This means that both the Kenyan government and the Committee live in different worlds, suggesting a continuing gap between the Committee's normative knowledge of women's rights to gender equality, and the Kenyan government's cultural relativist perspectives concerning such rights. As a solution to these power struggles and political differences that derail policy making on gender equality, this study recommends the need both for the Committee and the Kenyan government to employ a reflexive and pragmatic mix of both the universalist and cultural relativist approaches to gender equality. This will bring forth shared areas of interest concerning women's rights between the UN and the Kenyan government, based on their applicability within the local context. Moreover, such an approach will create a possibility for the Committee to understand the Kenyan government's cultural relativist/competing discourse of women's rights as another way of conceiving gender equality (i.e. productive power-knowledges), rather than viewing them as irrelevant cultural claims that stand in stark opposition to the universal understandings of women's rights to gender equality. Likewise, the aforesaid reflexive and pragmatic mix of approaches will help the Kenyan policy makers to develop a more critical and nuanced view of the universal approaches to gender equality, thereby reducing their varied forms of resistance to gender equality via subtle evasive strategies. Methodologically, this thesis shows how a comparative intertextual approach to Fairclough's model of critical discourse analysis can be used as a framework for establishing the relations between policy text and context. This framework includes the micro-level of textual/linguistic analysis, the meso level of discursive interactions, and the macro level of socio-cultural practice at the local, institutional, and societal levels. Theoretically, the thesis demonstrates the different ways in which particular philosophical arguments and emancipatory concepts from Foucault's theory of governmentality and transnational feminist rhetorical theory can be combined and exploited by linguists to promote different ways of theorizing and thinking concerning the development of policies for promoting gender equality.
Este proyecto de investigación se caracteriza como estudio histórico-etnográfica basado en estudios de casos de la vida cotidiana de nueve mujeres en Valparaíso y Viña del Mar durante la dictadura chilena, analizando el testimonio de los efectos del régimen autoritario en la vida cotidiana de estas mujeres chilenas entre 1980 y 1987. La metodología se radica firmemente en el método etnográfico con entrevistas semi-abiertas y el análisis del discurso de los relatos. En la metáfora de la arpillera (un tapiz anónimo cosido en lona ensamblado a partir de piezas de tela que muestra escenas de la vida cotidiana o protesta la dictadura de Pinochet), trozos y pedazos de experiencia se juntan en el encima de la lona de la historia para dar forma al testimonio de vida la vida cotidiana. Este proyecto se centra en tres aspectos diferentes de la relación entre el Estado autoritario y la vida cotidiana: las técnicas de gobernabilidad (macro), narraciones de silencio y miedo (micro) y trayectorias narrados (espacial), el último inspirado por el ensayo Halbwachs en caminar por la ciudad. Para cerrar, la relevancia del estudio se destaca por el intento de comprender el efecto de un estado autoritario en el sujeto femenino y las respuestas y adaptaciones que las mujeres chilenas adoptaron en la vida privada y pública mediada por la violencia y el miedo bajo dictadura. La dialéctica del acontecimiento y la rutina de la vida cotidiana bajo la dictadura se unen en las memorias narradas, mediada por el presente vivido, lo cual permite una reflexión sobre la cuestión de la alteridad en la sociedad chilena.Este proyecto de investigación se caracteriza como estudio histórico-etnográfica basado en estudios de casos de la vida cotidiana de nueve mujeres en Valparaíso y Viña del Mar durante la dictadura chilena, analizando el testimonio de los efectos del régimen autoritario en la vida cotidiana de estas mujeres chilenas entre 1980 y 1987. La metodología se radica firmemente en el método etnográfico con entrevistas semi-abiertas y el análisis del discurso de los relatos. En la metáfora de la arpillera (un tapiz anónimo cosido en lona ensamblado a partir de piezas de tela que muestra escenas de la vida cotidiana o protesta la dictadura de Pinochet), trozos y pedazos de experiencia se juntan en el encima de la lona de la historia para dar forma al testimonio de vida la vida cotidiana. Este proyecto se centra en tres aspectos diferentes de la relación entre el Estado autoritario y la vida cotidiana: las técnicas de gobernabilidad (macro), narraciones de silencio y miedo (micro) y trayectorias narrados (espacial), el último inspirado por el ensayo Halbwachs en caminar por la ciudad. Para cerrar, la relevancia del estudio se destaca por el intento de comprender el efecto de un estado autoritario en el sujeto femenino y las respuestas y adaptaciones que las mujeres chilenas adoptaron en la vida privada y pública mediada por la violencia y el miedo bajo dictadura. La dialéctica del acontecimiento y la rutina de la vida cotidiana bajo la dictadura se unen en las memorias narradas, mediada por el presente vivido, lo cual permite una reflexión sobre la cuestión de la alteridad en la sociedad chilena. ; The research project is characterized as a historical-ethnographic study based on case studies of the everyday lives of nine women in Valparaíso and Viña del Mar during the Chilean dictatorship, analyzing testimony of the effects of the authoritarian regime on the everyday life of Chilean women between 1980 and 1987. The methodology is firmly rooted in the ethnographic method with semi-open interviews and discourse analysis of the narratives. In the metaphor of the arpillera (an anonymous tapestry sewn on canvas constructed out of pieces of cloth showing scenes of everyday life or protesting the Pinochet dictatorship), scraps and pieces of experience are sewn onto the canvas context of history to shape the testimony of lived everyday life. This project focuses on three different aspects of the relationship between authoritarian state and everyday life: techniques of governmentality (macro), narratives of silence and fear (micro), and narrated trajectories (spatial) inspired by Halbwachs' essay on walking the city. To close, the study's relevance is highlighted by the intent to understand the effect of an authoritarian state on the female subject and the responses and adaptations that Chilean women adopted in private and public life shaped by violence and fear. The dialectics of event and routine of everyday life under dictatorship are thus stitched together in memory, mediated by the women?s lived present, facilitating a closing reflection about alterity in Chilean society. ; Fil: Tusing, Cari Lynn. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación; Argentina.
Este proyecto de investigación se caracteriza como estudio histórico-etnográfica basado en estudios de casos de la vida cotidiana de nueve mujeres en Valparaíso y Viña del Mar durante la dictadura chilena, analizando el testimonio de los efectos del régimen autoritario en la vida cotidiana de estas mujeres chilenas entre 1980 y 1987. La metodología se radica firmemente en el método etnográfico con entrevistas semi-abiertas y el análisis del discurso de los relatos. En la metáfora de la arpillera (un tapiz anónimo cosido en lona ensamblado a partir de piezas de tela que muestra escenas de la vida cotidiana o protesta la dictadura de Pinochet), trozos y pedazos de experiencia se juntan en el encima de la lona de la historia para dar forma al testimonio de vida la vida cotidiana. Este proyecto se centra en tres aspectos diferentes de la relación entre el Estado autoritario y la vida cotidiana: las técnicas de gobernabilidad (macro), narraciones de silencio y miedo (micro) y trayectorias narrados (espacial), el último inspirado por el ensayo Halbwachs en caminar por la ciudad. Para cerrar, la relevancia del estudio se destaca por el intento de comprender el efecto de un estado autoritario en el sujeto femenino y las respuestas y adaptaciones que las mujeres chilenas adoptaron en la vida privada y pública mediada por la violencia y el miedo bajo dictadura. La dialéctica del acontecimiento y la rutina de la vida cotidiana bajo la dictadura se unen en las memorias narradas, mediada por el presente vivido, lo cual permite una reflexión sobre la cuestión de la alteridad en la sociedad chilena.Este proyecto de investigación se caracteriza como estudio histórico-etnográfica basado en estudios de casos de la vida cotidiana de nueve mujeres en Valparaíso y Viña del Mar durante la dictadura chilena, analizando el testimonio de los efectos del régimen autoritario en la vida cotidiana de estas mujeres chilenas entre 1980 y 1987. La metodología se radica firmemente en el método etnográfico con entrevistas semi-abiertas y el análisis del discurso de los relatos. En la metáfora de la arpillera (un tapiz anónimo cosido en lona ensamblado a partir de piezas de tela que muestra escenas de la vida cotidiana o protesta la dictadura de Pinochet), trozos y pedazos de experiencia se juntan en el encima de la lona de la historia para dar forma al testimonio de vida la vida cotidiana. Este proyecto se centra en tres aspectos diferentes de la relación entre el Estado autoritario y la vida cotidiana: las técnicas de gobernabilidad (macro), narraciones de silencio y miedo (micro) y trayectorias narrados (espacial), el último inspirado por el ensayo Halbwachs en caminar por la ciudad. Para cerrar, la relevancia del estudio se destaca por el intento de comprender el efecto de un estado autoritario en el sujeto femenino y las respuestas y adaptaciones que las mujeres chilenas adoptaron en la vida privada y pública mediada por la violencia y el miedo bajo dictadura. La dialéctica del acontecimiento y la rutina de la vida cotidiana bajo la dictadura se unen en las memorias narradas, mediada por el presente vivido, lo cual permite una reflexión sobre la cuestión de la alteridad en la sociedad chilena. ; The research project is characterized as a historical-ethnographic study based on case studies of the everyday lives of nine women in Valparaíso and Viña del Mar during the Chilean dictatorship, analyzing testimony of the effects of the authoritarian regime on the everyday life of Chilean women between 1980 and 1987. The methodology is firmly rooted in the ethnographic method with semi-open interviews and discourse analysis of the narratives. In the metaphor of the arpillera (an anonymous tapestry sewn on canvas constructed out of pieces of cloth showing scenes of everyday life or protesting the Pinochet dictatorship), scraps and pieces of experience are sewn onto the canvas context of history to shape the testimony of lived everyday life. This project focuses on three different aspects of the relationship between authoritarian state and everyday life: techniques of governmentality (macro), narratives of silence and fear (micro), and narrated trajectories (spatial) inspired by Halbwachs' essay on walking the city. To close, the study's relevance is highlighted by the intent to understand the effect of an authoritarian state on the female subject and the responses and adaptations that Chilean women adopted in private and public life shaped by violence and fear. The dialectics of event and routine of everyday life under dictatorship are thus stitched together in memory, mediated by the women?s lived present, facilitating a closing reflection about alterity in Chilean society. ; Fil: Tusing, Cari Lynn. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación; Argentina.
Este proyecto de investigación se caracteriza como estudio histórico-etnográfica basado en estudios de casos de la vida cotidiana de nueve mujeres en Valparaíso y Viña del Mar durante la dictadura chilena, analizando el testimonio de los efectos del régimen autoritario en la vida cotidiana de estas mujeres chilenas entre 1980 y 1987. La metodología se radica firmemente en el método etnográfico con entrevistas semi-abiertas y el análisis del discurso de los relatos. En la metáfora de la arpillera (un tapiz anónimo cosido en lona ensamblado a partir de piezas de tela que muestra escenas de la vida cotidiana o protesta la dictadura de Pinochet), trozos y pedazos de experiencia se juntan en el encima de la lona de la historia para dar forma al testimonio de vida la vida cotidiana. Este proyecto se centra en tres aspectos diferentes de la relación entre el Estado autoritario y la vida cotidiana: las técnicas de gobernabilidad (macro), narraciones de silencio y miedo (micro) y trayectorias narrados (espacial), el último inspirado por el ensayo Halbwachs en caminar por la ciudad. Para cerrar, la relevancia del estudio se destaca por el intento de comprender el efecto de un estado autoritario en el sujeto femenino y las respuestas y adaptaciones que las mujeres chilenas adoptaron en la vida privada y pública mediada por la violencia y el miedo bajo dictadura. La dialéctica del acontecimiento y la rutina de la vida cotidiana bajo la dictadura se unen en las memorias narradas, mediada por el presente vivido, lo cual permite una reflexión sobre la cuestión de la alteridad en la sociedad chilena.Este proyecto de investigación se caracteriza como estudio histórico-etnográfica basado en estudios de casos de la vida cotidiana de nueve mujeres en Valparaíso y Viña del Mar durante la dictadura chilena, analizando el testimonio de los efectos del régimen autoritario en la vida cotidiana de estas mujeres chilenas entre 1980 y 1987. La metodología se radica firmemente en el método etnográfico con entrevistas semi-abiertas y el análisis del discurso de los relatos. En la metáfora de la arpillera (un tapiz anónimo cosido en lona ensamblado a partir de piezas de tela que muestra escenas de la vida cotidiana o protesta la dictadura de Pinochet), trozos y pedazos de experiencia se juntan en el encima de la lona de la historia para dar forma al testimonio de vida la vida cotidiana. Este proyecto se centra en tres aspectos diferentes de la relación entre el Estado autoritario y la vida cotidiana: las técnicas de gobernabilidad (macro), narraciones de silencio y miedo (micro) y trayectorias narrados (espacial), el último inspirado por el ensayo Halbwachs en caminar por la ciudad. Para cerrar, la relevancia del estudio se destaca por el intento de comprender el efecto de un estado autoritario en el sujeto femenino y las respuestas y adaptaciones que las mujeres chilenas adoptaron en la vida privada y pública mediada por la violencia y el miedo bajo dictadura. La dialéctica del acontecimiento y la rutina de la vida cotidiana bajo la dictadura se unen en las memorias narradas, mediada por el presente vivido, lo cual permite una reflexión sobre la cuestión de la alteridad en la sociedad chilena. ; The research project is characterized as a historical-ethnographic study based on case studies of the everyday lives of nine women in Valparaíso and Viña del Mar during the Chilean dictatorship, analyzing testimony of the effects of the authoritarian regime on the everyday life of Chilean women between 1980 and 1987. The methodology is firmly rooted in the ethnographic method with semi-open interviews and discourse analysis of the narratives. In the metaphor of the arpillera (an anonymous tapestry sewn on canvas constructed out of pieces of cloth showing scenes of everyday life or protesting the Pinochet dictatorship), scraps and pieces of experience are sewn onto the canvas context of history to shape the testimony of lived everyday life. This project focuses on three different aspects of the relationship between authoritarian state and everyday life: techniques of governmentality (macro), narratives of silence and fear (micro), and narrated trajectories (spatial) inspired by Halbwachs' essay on walking the city. To close, the study's relevance is highlighted by the intent to understand the effect of an authoritarian state on the female subject and the responses and adaptations that Chilean women adopted in private and public life shaped by violence and fear. The dialectics of event and routine of everyday life under dictatorship are thus stitched together in memory, mediated by the women?s lived present, facilitating a closing reflection about alterity in Chilean society. ; Fil: Tusing, Cari Lynn. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación; Argentina.
This dissertation offers an examination of the links between print media, temporality, and narrative form in transatlantic Hispanic cultures between 1750 and 1870. I situate the production of periodical literature in print as a new cultural instrument and representational medium within the transatlantic context of the emergence of the culture of periodicity located at the intersection between nation and empire. I argue that the transatlantic perspective is useful as a historically specific, yet usefully supra-national framework for studying periodical literature in this moment. From a methodological standpoint, I resist the tendency to conflate the origin of modern print culture to the geographical boundaries implied by the concept of the nation-state, promoting instead a transoceanic analysis of nation and empire as well as a transoceanic concept of periodicity.My first set of concerns consists of relocating the production and consumption of periodical literature within the framework of a governmental administration that modernizes an economic and cultural transatlantic space. Thus, I re-conceptualize modern colonial and post-independence circuits of communication and the distribution of textual objects in relation to concepts of transatlantic temporality and materiality. As a result of the increased dependence on fixed schedules, the development of postal routes, and the imposition of regularity in the distribution of goods and periodicals, a series of changes in the understanding of time and the notion of futurity began to take place. My contention is that the link between periodicity and temporality is the clear marker of modernity and in fact is its constitutive element in the context of a Hispanic Atlantic space. In my first chapter, I study Spanish and Spanish American calendars and almanacs that circulated profusely through Atlantic routes. As material vestiges of the ideological dialectic between commercial and scientific enterprises, I argue that this circulating periodical literature embodies the commodification of colonial culture, evincing the temporal and territorial paradox of empire. Focusing on their discursive attempts at rationalized control, I analyze the production of almanacs as a technology of governmentality that designed a temporal economy that restricted contingency to the past and placed futurity in the hands of political organisms. By exploring the centrality of notions of periodicity, temporal asymmetry, and deferral in the emerging concept of a transatlantic temporality, I show how the changes in the notions of time and futurity that they entail are key to understanding Latin American modernity. Chapter II offers an exploration of the link between serialized literature and new technologies of time measurement, showing how both thematize the anxieties about time brought about by processes of modernization. The serialized novel was originally introduced in Latin America through the circulation of European newspapers during the mid-1830s, when the newly established national states were repositioning themselves slowly in a changing world. Serials encountered some initial resistance because of the way in which they articulated new modes of production and consumption of literature; but in the end they were welcomed as a key element of capitalist modernization. My focus is on the particularities of the serialized novel and the way in which it functions as a technology of modern life in Latin America. I argue, in Latin America the serial does not work as filling a void for the news, as it does in its early stages in Europe, but it is used as a pedagogy of modern periodicity: it is the result of the demands of the new money economy; it determines readers' subjectivities linked to the rhythms of what may be called the time of capital; it is incorporated as a technology of modernity embedded in transnational networks of cultural and economic exchanges; and creates expectations that encourage a desire to read that not only parallel processes of economic stimulus but also reproduce the new times that people were just learning to inhabit.In Chapter III, from a material culture perspective and in connection with other literary productions of its time, I offer an analysis of a study case for serialized literature in the folletín La familia de Sconner, by Argentine writer Miguel Cané, which was serialized in the newspaper La Tribuna, in 1858. Written during the disintegration of cattle culture, the novel's representations appear in sync with the goal of assimilating the gaucho into the ways of modern urban liberals, while underlining the anxieties that surround the validation of domestic production in relation to a wider (literary) market of transnational exchanges. By contrasting two models for organizing time, and consequently two economies of periodicity, the novel assumes political economy, commerce and financial speculation as the basis for a new conception of society. I elucidate how the serial's materiality forges the notion of modern periodicity and its particular forms of temporal apprehension: temporal compression, resistance to heterotemporality and racional futurity. My contention is that this folletín provides us with a material outline of the organization of the time of capital, revealing at the same time the disruptive emergence of the non-simultaneous in the temporal dynamics of Latin American modernity.
