Suchergebnisse

The historical study of Muslim-minority communities in regions commonly associated with "the West" is a field in its infancy. It was not until the 1980s that the enormously diverse groups who adhere to Islam in Western Europe, the United States, and Canada came to be categorized primarily by their religion rather than by their varying races, ethnicities, nationalities, class, or status as immigrants or colonials. This new categorization resulted largely from the recognition of a religious resurgence in public life that was punctuated by the Iranian revolution of 1979 and the "Rushdie Affair." It was also informed by histories of modernity and experiences of European imperialism that pitted a "modern West" against a "Muslim Orient." Consequently, as Yasemin Soysal (2001: 165) and many others have noted, "at issue" in the study of Western Muslims has been "the compatibility of Islam—its organizational culture and practice—with European categories of democratic participation and citizenship." Not even the study of African American Muslims escaped this binary opposition between Islamic identity and democratic citizenship; early studies of the rise of Islam among African Americans generally explained the separatist tendencies of African American Muslim nationalist organizations, such as the Moorish Science Temple and the Nation of Islam, in terms of their appropriation of an Islamic identity. Whether writing about immigrant or indigenous Muslims, scholars have been preoccupied with determining whether Muslims pose an anti-democratic, anti-modern threat to Western societies or if they are yet another addition to the religious, cultural, and political diversity of Western nation-states.

States as international persons — In general — Sovereignty and independence — In matters of domestic jurisdiction — Australia — Western Australian legislation dealing with title to and possession of historic wrecks lying offshore — Whether within extra — territorial competence of State legislature — Whether contrary to Commonwealth sovereignty of bed of territorial sea — Seas and Submerged Lands Act 1973 (Commonwealth) — The law of Australia
States as international persons — Composite and dependent States and territories — Unions of States — Federal States and confederations — Australia — Competence of federated States to legislate extraterritorially — Whether contrary to Imperial or Commonwealth legislation — Relationship between Australia and United Kingdom — The law of Australia
Jurisdiction — In general — Territorial — Territorial limits of jurisdiction — Territorial waters of Commonwealth of Australia — Power of Australian States to legislate extra-territorially — Whether a sufficient connection exists between subject — matter of State legislation and interests of State — Whether seabed could be conveyed by State legislation — Whether inconsistent with Imperial or Commonwealth legislation — The law of Australia
State territory — Parts of — Territorial waters — Jurisdiction in the maritime belt — Australia — Western Australian legislation dealing with title to, and possession of, historic wrecks lying offshore — Whether within extra-territorial competence of State legislature — Whether sufficient connection between subject matter of legislation and interests of Western Australia — Whether legislation repugnant to Merchant Shipping Act 1894 (Imperial) — Act vesting property in Crown — Whether in right of Western Australia or in right of United Kingdom — Present relationship between Australia and United Kingdom — Whether State legislation inconsistent with Commonwealth legislation — Commonwealth sovereignty over bed of territorial sea — Distinction between real property and personal 51property — Whether seabed could be conveyed by State legislation — Dominion as an aspect of sovereignty — Whether State legislation invalid under Section 109 of Commonwealth Constitution — Museum Act 1959 (Western Australia) — Amendment Act 1964 — Museum Act 1969 (Western Australia) — Maritime Archaeology Act 1973 (Western Australia) — Navigation Act 1912 (Commonwealth) — Seas and Submerged Lands Act 1973 (Commonwealth) — The law of Australia

Der Westen war naiv, wenn er glaubte, dass Putin bei der Einbindung der Ukraine in westliche Strukturen tatenlos zusehen würde. Doch das Problem ist nicht Putin, sondern ein Mangel an Realismus in der westlichen Außenpolitik. (APuZ)