Suchergebnisse

An interdisciplinary analysis about collection, crops, consumption and distribution of plant and animal foods in rural areas, allows the description of the feeding practices of peasant families. This research did a cross-sectional descriptive observational study, to evaluate the alimentary habits and the level of food safety, regarding to the early childhood, of 32 families from the municipality of Boyacá, department of Boyacá, Colombia. The results of this research showed that the feeding of people is the result of cultural learning and depends on economic, work and political conditions. Their absence puts at risk, mainly, the integral development of children on early childhood. From this one, the role of the Social Work professional is identified, around studying, describing and managing possible processes that help to improve the food security of the populations in which they work. ; Un análisis interdisciplinario acerca de la recolección, el cultivo, el consumo y la distribución de los alimentos vegetales y animales en zonas rurales, permite la descripción de las prácticas alimentarias de las familias campesinas. Esta investigación realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo de corte transversal, para evaluar los hábitos alimenticios y el nivel de seguridad alimentaria, en relación con la primera infancia, de 32 familias del municipio Boyacá, en el departamento de Boyacá, Colombia. Los resultados del estudio evidenciaron que la alimentación de las personas es el resultado del aprendizaje cultural y depende de condicionantes económica, laboral y política. Su ausencia pone en riesgo, en gran medida, el desarrollo integral de niños de primera infancia. A partir de éste, se identifica el rol del profesional de Trabajo Social en torno estudiar, describir y gestionar procesos posibles que ayuden a mejorar la seguridad alimentaria de las poblaciones en las que intervienen.

AbstractIn the mid‐2000s, the flexicurity concept was developed into a key EU policy concept. It drew its inspiration from the Danish and Dutch practices to combine labor market flexibility and security. However, the crisis' focus on bringing down national deficits and debts left little room to advance the concept. Lately, more emphasis has been placed on the need to take into consideration the social aspect of economic policy‐making. Current EU level documents see flexicurity as a guidance for structural reforms. However, the European flexicurity initiatives seem never to have had much impact in Denmark and the Netherlands. There are few accounts of the recent adjustment to the flexicurity models, be it at the EU or at national levels. Therefore, this article assesses the fate of flexicurity by scrutinizing its (adjusted) use as a political concept as well as a socio‐economic model. Although the Danish flexicurity model resembles the European flexicurity concept to a large extent, recent reforms have, overall, weakened rather than strengthened the flexicurity model. The Dutch flexicurity model has a narrower focus on normalizing atypical work, while recent reforms support this narrow flexicurity model. Meanwhile, the EU level concept has been changing every year, encompassing a growing number of issues.

"This book collects essays on the political economy of Brazil, focusing on the federal administrations led by the Workers' Party (PT), under Presidents Lula and Dilma Rousseff. The essays examine the economic, political, and social aspects of these governments, and a whole spectrum of policies implemented - or not - between 2003 and 2016, with implications for the subsequent period up to, and including, the administration led by Jair Bolsonaro. It is shown that those governments were neoliberal, but in different ways when compared with other administrations in that country. Their similarities and differences are examined in detail. Contributors are: Adalmir Antonio Marquetti, Alessandro Miebach, Alfredo Saad-Filho, Ana Paula Colombi, André Singer, Andréia Galvão, Armando Boito Jr, Barbara Fritz, Cecilia Hoff, Célio Hiratuka, Claudio Castelo Branco Puty, Cristhiane Falchetti, Daniela Magalhães Prates, Denise Gentil, Eduardo Fagnani, Fabiano Santos, Fabio Luis Barbosa dos Santos, Glaison Augusto Guerrero, Guilherme Mello, Gustavo Codas Friedmann, Humberto Martins, José Dari Krein, Lena Lavinas, Lucas Salvador, Andrietta, Luiz Fernando de Paula, Luiz Filgueiras, Marcelo Arend, Patrícia Rocha Lemos, Paula Marcelino, Pedro Cezar Dutra Fonseca, Pedro Mendes Loureiro, Pedro Paulo Zuluth Bastos, Pedro Rossi, Rafael Moura, Ruy Braga, and Soraia Aparecida Cardozo"--

Citizenship is a socio-political instrument of inclusion – and therefore inevitably also of exclusion. It has been so ever since the invention of the concept in Antiquity. In the historical literature it is often argued that the exclusion element was for a long time predominant, and only became replaced by 'inclusion' after the French Revolution and the rise of parliamentary democracy. In the pre-modern world exclusion mechanisms were indeed an important aspect of the rules for the acquisition of citizenship status, and in particular for guild membership and the monopoly rights that their regulations asserted. Guilds, especially, have been portrayed as providing unfair advantages to established masters and their descendants, over immigrants and other outsiders. This potentially had serious economic consequences. Privileged access to certain professions and industries is seen as a disincentive for technological progress. On the basis of this critique, we might assume that the sons of locally established citizens and masters dominated the citizenry of towns and the membership of the average craft guild. In this paper the results of detailed local investigations of the composition of citizenries and guild apprentices and masters are brought together, to find out to what extent this picture is historically correct. We argue that this data offers an indirect measurement of the accessibility of citizenship and guilds that allows insight into the mechanisms of exclusion and their impact. The paper finds that sons of established masters did dominate in some places and trades, but in many others they did not, and that, by implication, our understanding of urban and guild 'monopolies', and the measure of protection and reward they supplied to established citizens, is in need of serious revision. This in turn implies that the historical narrative of European citizenship creating an ever greater inclusiveness, is perhaps also in need of revision. Workpackage 3 explores the historical dimensions of citizenship in Europe from ...

The rational for studying health consequences of social determinants is to enable understanding of factors that affect population patterns of health, disease and well-being in order to produce knowledge useful for guiding policies and actions to reduce social inequalities in health and promote social well-being. The aims of this study have been to investigate the association between aspects of social capital, discrimination and health. The first article is a prospective study which investigates the impact of self-rated health with five alternatives on the incidence of first-ever acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Papers II-IV are cross-sectional studies and concern the associations between institutional trust in the health care system, political trust in the Riksdag (the Swedish parliament) and anticipation of discrimination, on the one hand, and self-rated health, on the other, adjusting for generalized (horizontal) trust in other people as a confounder. The 2000 public-health survey in Skåne is a cross sectional study based on self-reported information from a postal questionnaire survey sent to randomly selected persons born in 1919-1981 during the period November 1999 to February 2000. A total of 13,715 (59%) persons answered the questionnaire. Paper I is a prospective cohort study using the 2000 survey as baseline, linked to AMI morbidity/mortality data from January 2000-December 2002. Data from the 2004 public health survey in Skåne in southern Sweden are used for papers II-IV. A postal questionnaire was sent out to a random sample of 47,621 persons aged 18-80 years during the autumn of 2004. A total of 27,963 (59%) respondents returned complete answers. In paper I the three-year first-ever acute myocardial infarction incidence rate was significantly higher among people who were daily smokers, and had higher age, low education, and poor self-rated health. The five-alternative item on self-rated health, both dichotomized and the not dichotomized alternatives, predicts first-ever AMI, even after multiple adjustments in Cox-regression models. In the second cross-sectional study low (institutional) trust in the health care system was associated with poor self-rated health (paper II). Adjustment for "care-seeking behaviour" in the multivariate model had a decreasing effect on the vertical trust differences in poor self-rated health. Low "political trust" in the Riksdag was significantly associated with poor self-rated health, even after adjustments for plausible confounders including generalised (horizontal) trust in other people (paper III). Individuals with higher "anticipation of discrimination by employers" had a higher risk of having poor health status (paper IV). The inclusion of generalised trust in other people in the multivariate model had a decreasing effect on the "anticipation of discrimination by employers" differences in poor self-rated health. The positive association between poor self-rated health and the risk of first-ever acute myocardial infarction, as well as between the institutional trust variables/discrimination and self-rated health seem to represent causal pathways which might be at least partly independent of socioecIn conclusion, the results show that self-rated health with five alternatives predicts incidence of first-ever acute myocardial infarction. Furthermore, we found that low trust (institutional) in the health care system and in the Riksdag, and anticipation of discrimination by employers are associated with poor (self-rated) health. The association between trust in the health care system and self-rated health seem to be partly mediated by care-seeking behaviour. After adjustments for confounders including generalised (horizontal) trust in other people the significant association remains.

Rezension: This beautifully illustrated book explores the relationship between ceramics and cultural identity, especially as it relates to a family collection, and to the broader study of personal and social aspects of collecting. The book thus contributes not only to the study of Korea's material heritage but also to KoreanAmerican or Asian-American studies, and to the history of collecting. It will be of interest to social as well as art historians, and to all who appreciate the aesthetic quality of Korea's ceramic art. In addition, this collection has been extensively examined using thermoluminescence testing. These objects therefore also constitute an important type collection of tested pieces for this type of materials analysis, against which other ceramic works may be compared.

El presente documento busca transferir a la sociedad parte de lo que las compañías logran con el fin de disminuir la brecha entre las organizaciones prósperas y la sociedad que no tiene acceso a condiciones básicas necesarias. La innovación permite a una organización estar a la vanguardia de las expectativas del mercado, le permite generar resiliencia y a pesar de la adversidad lograr sobreponerse a la dificultad y permanecer a lo largo del tiempo. Con el fin de dar a conocer lo que se está haciendo a nivel de instituciones de investigación, gubernamentales y de iniciativa privada en el tema de la innovación para mejorar la calidad de vida; el presente documento recopila y analiza los artículos científicos que aportan en este tema. El estudio se enfocó en dos aspectos que marcan una brecha impactante en las condiciones sociales; la primera; estudios que ofrecen alternativas para dar solución a las necesidades básicas insatisfechas y el segundo aspecto mejorar calidad de vida con necesidades básicas satisfechas. ; This document seeks to transfer to society part of what companies achieve in order to reduce the gap between prosperous organizations and society that does not have access to necessary basic conditions. Innovation allows an organization to be at the forefront of market expectations, allows it to generate resilience and despite adversity manage to overcome the difficulty and remain over time. In order to make known what is being done at the level of research institutions, governmental and private initiative in the field of innovation to improve the quality of life; This document collects and analyzes the scientific articles that contribute in this topic. The study focused on two aspects that mark a striking gap in social conditions; the first; studies that offer alternatives to solve unsatisfied basic needs and the second aspect improve quality of life with basic needs met.

While the body of research on the motivations and outcomes for citizen science participants continues to grow, there remains a lack of information on the social aspects of volunteers' experiences. Given that a sense of community contributes to the overall health and well-being of LGBTQ+ individuals, it remains unseen if and how LGBTQ+ citizen science volunteers perceive and experience a sense of community in the context of their participation. This study presents findings and recommendations based on data provided by 14 LGBTQ+-identifying citizen science volunteers through semistructured interviews. By understanding the social dimensions of engagement in citizen science for LGBTQ+ volunteers, practitioners across fields can begin to recognize and implement strategies for cultivating and supporting diverse volunteer communities.

Abstract This paper aims to understand the limits and possibilities of the fight for the right to the city taking into consideration the recent contributions from the State derivation debate. The methodology utilized was the dialectical historical method, considering theoretical and historical-social aspects from the transformation of urban space fight. It was possible to verify that legal and political forms are essential for the reproduction of the current sociability as they derive from the commodity form. Thus, as a conclusion, the struggle for the right to the city based only on institutional demands by the positivation of rights and public policies reduces its emancipatory potential by restricting it to the social forms of capital.

Abstract This paper aims to understand the limits and possibilities of the fight for the right to the city taking into consideration the recent contributions from the State derivation debate. The methodology utilized was the dialectical historical method, considering theoretical and historical-social aspects from the transformation of urban space fight. It was possible to verify that legal and political forms are essential for the reproduction of the current sociability as they derive from the commodity form. Thus, as a conclusion, the struggle for the right to the city based only on institutional demands by the positivation of rights and public policies reduces its emancipatory potential by restricting it to the social forms of capital.

The high rates of violence and insecurity in the Central American region affect both economic, political and social aspects. The efforts of Central American integration in educational issues that contemplate the culture of peace in their curricular plans are in the background; since the state priorities of the isthmus have focused more on issues of economic, financial and customs cooperation. ; Los altos índices de violencia e inseguridad en la región centroamericana afectan aspectos tanto económicos, como políticos y sociales. Los esfuerzos de integración centroamericana en temas educativos que contemplen la cultura de paz en sus planes curriculares están en un segundo plano; puesto que las prioridades estatales del istmo se han centrado más en temas de cooperación económica – financiera y aduanera.

The paper examines the social aspects of the remote labour relations development. The study notes the reasons for a widespread remote employment via information and communication technologies that are to optimize workflow, provide flexible working hours, enhance employees' mobility, and involve qualified staff. The features of social and economic relations on the remote labour market are described. The research presents the teleworking data in the developed countries provided by the International Labour Organization. It is noted that telework in Russia based on the ICTs is applicable for intellectual property. To build a culture model for remote labour relations, one should apply the practices of the sociology of management, information technologies and the approaches of other sciences to studying the labour environment.

Статья посвящена этническим, конфессиональным и социальным аспектам формирования и развития казачьих войск Европейской России и Кавказа. К рубежу XIX ХХ вв. казачество представляло из себя полиэтническую, социокультурную сословно-служилую общность с преобладанием русского этнического компонента, с особыми формами сословной, войсковой политической, социальной, культурной и бытовой организации, характеризующуюся поликонфессиональностью с определяющим доминированием православия ; Article is devoted ethnic, confessional and social aspects of formation and development of the Cossacks of the European Russia and Сaucasus. On border XIX ХХ century the Cossacks were polyethnic, cultural-historical estates group with prevalence of Russian ethnic component, with special forms of the class, army political, social, cultural and household organization, characterized by polyreligiousness with defining domination of Orthodoxy

Concerns about power, its use and abuse, have been at the center of Margaret Randall's work for more than fifty years. And over time Randall has acquired a power all her own, as her unique ability to observe, consider, and distill experience has drawn readers into new experiences and insights. Tempered by time and reflecting a life fully lived and richly examined, her thoughts on race, gender, poetry, landscape, cellular memory, and personal loss speak with eloquence and urgency.First Laugh invites readers to ponder the role of race and racism in the 2008 presidential election; the nature of repressed memory in understanding oneself; the place of poetry in social change; the efforts of Pueblo Indians to earn historical recompense for Spanish colonialist atrocity and subsequent abuse; and the bonds of intimacy and shared political conviction that sustain family and friendship. Over the course of her life, Margaret Randall has found herself with the abstract expressionists of the 1950s, the activists of the 1968 Mexican student movement, the Cuban revolutionaries of the 1970s, the North Vietnamese during the last years of the U.S. war, and the Sandinistas. It is our privilege to have her among us now, documenting moments at once personal and universal and showing us new ways to see.

AbstractThe value of the social sciences is increasingly recognised in health services and clinical research, contributing to an increasing number of multi‐disciplinary, multi‐method studies. Such studies offer numerous advantages, but also pose particular challenges, including different approaches to or foci in research ethics across disciplines. Drawing on two similar studies conducted in coastal Kenya and in rural South Africa, we share the ethical challenges we faced in relation to several key principles, the responses we adopted, and the new dilemmas that resulted from our actions. Given that multi‐disciplinary, multi‐method studies are often reviewed by committees with greater familiarity with biomedical than social science research, we conclude by drawing on our experiences, and the wider literature and guidelines around conducting social science research, to make suggestions of additional considerations for social science elements of multi‐disciplinary research. We also emphasise that in practice it is the social relationships that are established between researchers and field‐teams, and between field‐teams and community members, that are critical to fulfilling the moral (as opposed to the legal) aspects of ethics guidelines. These essential elements of ethical practice, and of producing quality data, are not easily tested and checked by ethics committees. Rather they are linked to the insight and integrity of the principle investigators and their research teams. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.