Suchergebnisse

The Impact of COVID on International Disputes includes contributions from global arbitration experts, including legal practitioners and academics, takes a fresh look at issues addressed in international arbitration during the COVID-19 pandemic, gathering best practices, additional perspective and predictions based on current practices that will help -parties, counsel and arbitrators through proceedings.

The article analyzes the interconnection between the direction of Turkey's struggle against terrorism with modern Islamist and nationalist ideas of Turkey. A majority of Turkish citizens following the Hanafi school of Islam, have historically opposed the purist religious doctrine of the Salafists. The author emphasizes that neither Turkey's secular tradition nor its predominant, moderate Islamic theology has made Turkish citizens immune to radicalization. Modern Turkish history has produced several violent Islamist organizations advocating Salafi views in line with the Islamic State's ideology. Turkish jihadists have been found among the ranks of foreign fighters in several recent conflict zones abroad. The article proves that when the uprisings began in Syria in 2011, Turkey threw its full support behind the opposition – harboring and mobilizing dissidents, arming rebels, and allowing free passage along the Syrian-Turkish border. Jihadists began to exploit the security vacuum, including ISIL and Jabhat al-Nusra (now Hayat Tahrir al-Sham), the Syrian affiliate of al-Qaeda. The article also addresses the problems of Ankara's indifference at the first stage towards the ISIL's activities within and across Turkish territory. While the crossings between Turkey and ISIL territory officially were closed in 2014, smuggling through the frontier continued apace and Ankara only later started to engage ISIL militarily. The author concludes that the period of active struggle against al-Qaeda in Turkey (2003-2011) gave way after 2012 to a reduction in counterterrorism operations and now supporters of Hayat Tahrir al-Sham thank Turkey for protecting them against Syrian government forces, Russia and Iran.

International courts and expert committees often are accused of overstepping the boundaries of permissible application of the law and engaging in 'judicial activism.' Aren't they supposed to apply public law, rather than making it? This study addresses this issue, furnishing a model for the further development of public law that seeks to do justice to the legitimate functions of different bodies that render legal judgment. Tomasz Milej, Universität Köln.

theme 1. Emerging trends of international scenario -- theme 2. Challenges and prospects of India's foreign policy -- theme 3. India and neighbouring countries -- theme 4. India and major powers -- theme 5. India-global and regional organizations -- theme 6. Globalization, human rights and India's concern

Résumé La question des normes du travail joue un rôle croissant dans le commerce international. Nous examinons si les firmes du Sud peuvent être incitées par la politique commerciale à respecter les normes intenationales du travail. Nous montrons que cela n'est possible qu'en associant à la politique commerciale un dispositif de contrôle. Un mécanisme de contrôle crédible requiert un investissement initial, des institutions crédibles et une punition un cas de non-respect. JEL Code: J81, K31

The geographical position of Mongolia between two largest Eurasian states – Russia and China – predetermined the choice of its foreign policy priorities. On the author's opinion, the key difference of Mongolian government's new state policy in the international relations field is a multi-vector course, commitment not only to Russia (as in previous years), but also to China, as well as promotion of cooperation with other developed and high powered countries – the USA and Japan.