Suchergebnisse

Introduction: In this paper a sensitivity analysis is performed to investigate how big the impact would be on the current ranking of crash locations in Flanders (Belgium) when only taking into account the most serious injury per crash instead of all the injured occupants. Results: Results show that this would lead to a different selection of 23.8% of the 800 sites that are currently considered as dangerous. Conclusions: Considering this impact quantity the researchers want to sensitize government that giving weight to the severity of the crash can correct for the bias that occurs when the number of occupants of the vehicles are subject to coincidence. Additionally, probability plots are generated to provide policy makers with a scientific instrument with intuitive appeal to select dangerous road locations on a statistically sound basis. Impact on industry Considering the impact quantity of giving weight to the severity of the crash instead of to all the injured occupants of the vehicle on the ranking of crash sites, the authors want to sensitize government to carefully choose the criteria for ranking and selecting crash locations in order to achieve an enduring and successful traffic safety policy. Indeed, giving weight to the severity of the crash can correct for the bias that occurs when the number of occupants of the vehicles are subject to coincidence. However, it is up to the government to decide which priorities should be stressed in the traffic safety policy. Then, the appropriate weighting value combination can be chosen to rank and select the most dangerous crash locations. Additionally, the probability plots proposed in this paper can provide policy makers with a scientific instrument with intuitive appeal to select dangerous road locations on a statistically sound basis. Note that, in practice, one should not only rank the crash locations based on the benefits that can be achieved from tackling these locations. Future research is also needed to incorporate the costs of infrastructure measures and other actions that these crash sites require in order to enhance the safety on these locations. By balancing these costs and benefits against each other, the crash locations can then be ranked according to the order in which they should be prioritized.

European democracies have experienced drastic changes in electoral competition. Voter support for insider parties that have traditionally governed has declined while support for radical and populist parties has increased. Simultaneously, citizens' declining political trust has become a concern, as confidence in political institutions and actors is low across numerous countries. Interestingly, the linkage between political trust and support for insider parties has not been empirically established but deduced from the fact that outsider parties are often supported by dissatisfied citizens. We address this gap adopting both an institutional- and an actor-centered approach by investigating whether trust in parliaments and in parties is associated with the electoral performance of insider parties on the aggregate level. Combining different data sources in a novel way, we apply time-series cross-section models to a dataset containing 30 countries and 137 elections from 1998 to 2018. Our results show that when political trust is low, particularly institutional trust, insider parties receive less electoral support. Hence, we provide empirical evidence that decreasing levels of political trust are the downfall of insider parties, thereby opening a window of opportunity for challenging outsider parties.

The characteristics of political parties of Ukraine and democratic countries in relation to the level of membership have been considered; its low level has been stated. In Ukraine, the formation of political parties was carried out in accordance with the model of "mass political party", formulated by M. Duverger. Accordingly, regulations on political parties clearly define the requirements for formal membership. The main versions of the information on the number of members of political parties in Ukraine have been analyzed; its secrecy and impossibility of verification have been emphasized. On the basis of interviews with party activists of Lviv region, the parameters of membership in regional party branches have been determined. The influence of a number of factors on the involvement of non-party employees in party organizations has been clarified and their role in the work of party structures has been outlined. It has been proved that the low level of membership in regional centers is evidence of the crisis of the mass party model. It has been also proposed to consider as an indicator of this crisis the attempts to form a network party model by a number of newly created parties in Ukraine.

This study seeks to provide a viewpoint on the marketing performance of banks in the context of the dynamic equilibrium of marketing. The current study attempts to discuss the views regarding the marketing performance of commercial banks, within the framework of the dynamic balance of marketing, and aims to design a model for measuring marketing performance through the dimensions of the dynamic balance of marketing, and these dimensions are the strategic alliance, laws and legislations, competition, and work to detect any dimensions more effective in achieving performance. The current study aims to show the importance of the dynamic balance of marketing and its relationship to marketing performance in the Iraqi banking sector.

Problem The negative impact and loss of members due to many Adventist young people marrying non-Seventh-day Adventists is tremendous. Church services are not attended regularly by those who marry outside the faith community because families are split on the day of worship due to doctrinal differences. There is pressure to do things with the family on Sabbath and even children are confused as to which parent to follow. Two churches were selected to study the extent of this problem. Principles from the Bible, the writings of Ellen G. White, other Adventist and non-Adventist authors were explored to come up with a strategy to correct the situation. Method A critical analysis of Bible texts and principles from the writings of Ellen G. White on marriage were conducted. The researcher also reviewed Adventist and other Christian literature on marriage and then considered the political, social, cultural, and religious context of Kenya and the Jericho Church District. A Gantt chart and a logical framework approach were used to organize the project and describe the linkage of activities in the development and implementation of the project. Implementation involved filling out questionnaires, conducting seminars, sermons, Bible studies, monitoring, and evaluations. A final report on the project, conclusion, and recommendations were drafted. Results The Jericho Church District experienced a tremendous increase in attendance and participation in church services from 60% to 85% in the Buruburu Central church and from 30% to 70% in the Jericho church. Same faith weddings increased in Buruburu Central and Jericho churches from 0 and 2 in 2009 to 3 and 7 in 2013 respectively. Selected church members have been equipped with biblical principles and guidelines on same-faith marriages and are passionate to replicate the program. Conclusion The project demonstrated that when biblical principles concerning marriage within one's faith community are emphasized and shared with young Seventh-day Adventists that the incidences of marriage outside the faith community are reduced. The project also demonstrated that by training the members in this area that they are much more willing to talk about this topic than they used to be.