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Outlines problematic latitudinarian concepts concerning human fallibility & the school's tendency toward theological & ecclesiastical moderation & the acceptance of freedom of judgment & conscience. It is suggested that these latitudinarian themes are not grounded epistemologically, but, rather, are based in theological, ethical, & anthropological notions. In particular, they refer to the structural finiteness of man, man's creatural dignity, & an ethical vision of the roots of evil & sin. Together, these underlying concepts highlight the freedom & responsibility implied in the use of human faculties. The contributions of 17th-century English latitudinarians Benjamin Whichcote, H. More, R. Cudworth, Isaac Barrow, J. Wilkins, & J. Tillotson are surveyed, noting the rejection of the ideas of human infallibility, skepticism, fideism, or authoritarianism. J. Sadler

Provides a historical study of central state management of immigrant incorporation. The author's premise is that changing ideas about ethnic minorities & US immigration policy influenced the state's efforts to shape the status & rights of immigrants. Reviewed are the constitutional origins of immigrant status & citizenship, starting with the first English colonists in the 17th century; movement toward national immigration policies beginning in 1875 is addressed. Early regulatory mechanisms were based on race & national origin, but this trend was reversed starting in the 1940s with the rescinding of exclusionary laws & the expansion of social rights & entitlements to include immigrants. The author concludes with a discussion of avenues for further research. 118 References. J. R. Callahan

This paper argues that economic, domestic, & political changes in GB during the mid-19th century are responsible for the development of racist attitudes among the English people. The surge toward colonization & empire building resulted in an attitude of superiority/inferiority that was deliberately perpetuated among all Englishmen, regardless of their own social standing. This superior attitude was purposefully construed as a necessary component of both the ability to conquer "lesser" societies & to maintain domestic solidarity. It is unfortunate that though the empire-building spirit has long ceased to be a motivating factor, racism doggedly persists & appears to be permanently embedded within the social institutions of modern-day GB. 121 References. K. A. Larsen

Provides a historical study of central state management of immigrant incorporation. The author's premise is that changing ideas about ethnic minorities & US immigration policy influenced the state's efforts to shape the status & rights of immigrants. Reviewed are the constitutional origins of immigrant status & citizenship, starting with the first English colonists in the 17th century; movement toward national immigration policies beginning in 1875 is addressed. Early regulatory mechanisms were based on race & national origin, but this trend was reversed starting in the 1940s with the rescinding of exclusionary laws & the expansion of social rights & entitlements to include immigrants. The author concludes with a discussion of avenues for further research. 118 References. J. R. Callahan

AbstractDe Quincey's writings contain 'reveries' that extend a Wordsworthian response to landscape and combine a sense of the infinite with a recognition of earthly labours. In the context of his troubled orientalism—in his articles 'Ceylon', 'The Kalmuck Tartars', and 'Russia in 1812', for example—his representation of landscape reveals a disturbed mixture of history and Christianity. His militant vision of civilisation secured by the apocalyptic battle of Waterloo is questioned by his construction of 'Eastern' Others and his powerful recognition of mortality. This pervasive sense of doubt also haunts his handling of 'The Apparition of the Brocken' and the vision of England put forward in 'The English Mail-Coach'.

The authors analyze the impact of corporate governance institutions, ownership structures and external capital market constraints on company returns on investment by using a sample of more than 19,000 companies from 61 countries across the world. They show that (1) of these three sets of institutions, the origin of a country's legal system proves to be the most important. Companies in countries with English-origin legal systems earn returns on investment that are at least as large as the cost of capital. (2) Differences in investment performance related to a country's legal system dominate differences related to ownership structure. (3) Strong external capital markets improve the investment performance of companies." (author's abstract)

The story of the Zanj revolt in Basra and Khuzistan against the Abbasid caliphate between the years 869 and 883 has received little extensive study by historians. This is not unusual given that, as with other important political events of this period, the information we have in the medieval sources is scarce. Alexandre Popovic makes a significant attempt to provide a comprehensive outline of the Zanj revolt and stress its social and political dimensions. This book, originally a French doctoral thesis submitted in the early 1960s, was first published in 1976. Now, with a grant from the French Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication, the book has been translated into English.

The English family in the early modern period is viewed in the perspective of reciprocity: an exchange of goods that involved giving and obtaining something in return. Reciprocal interactions between parents and children extended throughout the life course and were not confined to infancy or early childhood. The exchange could be delayed, and its timing and duration varied between social groups and across time. It was unequal: the parental investment was large, and the returns were uncertain and less extensive. The exchanges involved a wide range of material and emotional goods: support, affection, prestige, reputation. Reciprocity was not simply granted, but rather it was negotiated and induced with gifts and in other less tangible ways.

This article examines the impact of globalisation on welfare states, with some specific reference to the Australian situation. The argument advanced is broadly commensurate with that of Ramesh Mishra, who argues that globalisation is as much a political and ideological phenomenon as it is economic. Whilst Mishra acknowledges that economic globalisation suggests a consistent international downward trend in social expenditure, he also documents the considerable differences between the English speaking countries, and other OECD states. I argue that the influence of globalisation on individual nation states can best be understood by exploring those political and ideological forces locally and internationally which are respectively seeking either to retrench or retain the welfare state.

Two experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of two types of background television programs on students' performance on easy and difficult homework assignments. In both experiments, students in Grade 8 (Experiment 1: N = 90; Experiment 2: N = 144) were matched on reading proficiency. Subsequently, the participants were randomly assigned to one of three experimental conditions in which they did homework with (a) a Dutch-language soap opera, (b) English-language music videos, or (c) no television in the background. The execution of homework was hindered only when it was combined with watching a soap opera. The distraction effect of the soap opera was expressed either in a performance decrement (Experiment 1) or in an extension of performance time (Experiment 2).

English
New Labour claims to have discovered a third way between Old Left and New Right, with policy implications that break with established debates and policy alternatives. But what does the third way actually mean in terms of values and its approach to policy? We argue in this article that Labour's third way does not transcend Old Left and New Right. Left and Right remain important markers for contemporary policy and politics but the third way does combine them in significant new ways. Between Old Left and New Right, we argue, there is not just space for one third way but for many, with varying values and policy positions.

Books reviewed in this article:Anthony D. Smith, Nationalism and Modernism: a critical survey of recent theories of nations and nationalism.Paul Gilbert, The Philosophy of Nationalism.Margaret Canovan, Nationhood and Political Theory.Margaret Moore (ed.), National Self‐Determination and Secession.Robert L. Rothstein (ed.), After the Peace: resistance and reconciliation.Andrew Moravcsik, The Choice for Europe: social purpose and state power from Messina to Maastricht.Stephen Wood, Germany, Europe, and the Persistence of Nations.Ulf Hedetoft (ed.), Political Symbols, Symbolic Politics: European identities in transformation.Bridget Taylor and Katarina Thomson (eds.), Scotland and Wales: nations again?Anthony Easthope, Englishness and National Culture.Jeremy Paxman, The English: A Portrait of a People.Keith Robbins, Great Britain: identities, institutions and the idea of Britishness.

Summary in English.|Bibliography: leaves 175-181. ; The 1995 Report of the National Seminar on Lesotho Secondary Education Policy: Localisation of the O Level Curriculum stated that there was a need to review the goals and policies which were to serve as a government framework for the development of the new curriculum materials. It is in this context that this study was conducted. The purpose of the study was to determine, with reasons, which of the 20 literature-derived policy recommendations proposed for the improvement of teaching and learning of science would be most highly prioritised and agreed upon by 171 Lesotho science teachers and 368 science students in 1999.