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It has been reported that the immune response mediated by T CD8+ lymphocytes plays a critical role in the control of Trypanosoma cruzi infection and that the clinical symptoms of Chagas disease appear to be related to the competence of the CD8+ T immune response against the parasite. Herewith, in silico prediction and binding assays on TAP-deficient T2 cells were used to identify potential HLA-A∗02:01 ligands in the T. cruzi TcCA-2 protein. The TcCA-2-specific CD8+ T cells were functionality evaluated by Granzyme B and cytokine production in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from Chagas disease patients stimulated with the identified HLA-A∗02:01 peptides. The specific cells were phenotypically characterized by flow cytometry using several surface markers and HLA-A∗02:01 APC-labeled dextramer loaded with the peptides. In the T. cruzi TcCA-2 protein four T CD8+ epitopes were identified which are processed and presented during Chagas disease. Interestingly, a differential cellular phenotypic profile could be correlated with the severity of the disease. The TcCA-2-specific T CD8+ cells from patients with cardiac symptoms are mainly effector memory cells (TEM and TEMRA) while, those present in the asymptomatic phase are predominantly naive cells (TNAIVE). Moreover, in patients with cardiac symptoms the percentage of cells with senescence features is significantly higher than in patients at the asymptomatic phase of the disease. We consider that the identification of these new class I-restricted epitopes are helpful for designing biomarkers of sickness pathology as well as the development of immunotherapies against T. cruzi infection ; This work was supported by grants SAF2012-35777 and SAF2013-48527-R from Programa Estatal I+D+i (MINECO); Network of Tropical Diseases Research RICET, grants RD12/ 0018/0021 and RD12/0018/0018 (MSSSI, Spain) and FEDER. MS and BC were also supported by grant FIS, 2009SGR385 from ISCIII (MSSSI, Spain). Coauthor Concepción Marañón is employed by Genomic Medicine Department, GENYO. Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research: Pfizer / University of Granada / Andalusian Regional Government. Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research: Pfizer / University of Granada / Andalusian Regional Government provided support in the form of salaries for author Concepción Marañón, but did not have any additional role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. The specific role of this author is articulated in the author contributions section

Frontiers in Microbiology 6 (2015): 797 This Document is Protected by copyright and was first published by Frontiers. All rights reserved. It is reproduced with permission ; Cyanobacteria are thought to play a key role in carbonate formation due to their metabolic activity, but other organisms carrying out oxygenic photosynthesis (photosynthetic eukaryotes) or other metabolisms (e.g., anoxygenic photosynthesis, sulfate reduction), may also contribute to carbonate formation. To obtain more quantitative information than that provided by more classical PCR-dependent methods, we studied the microbial diversity of microbialites from the Alchichica crater lake (Mexico) by mining for 16S/18S rRNA genes in metagenomes obtained by direct sequencing of environmental DNA. We studied samples collected at the Western (AL-W) and Northern (AL-N) shores of the lake and, at the latter site, along a depth gradient (1, 5, 10, and 15 m depth). The associated microbial communities were mainly composed of bacteria, most of which seemed heterotrophic, whereas archaea were negligible. Eukaryotes composed a relatively minor fraction dominated by photosynthetic lineages, diatoms in AL-W, influenced by Si-rich seepage waters, and green algae in AL-N samples. Members of the Gammaproteobacteria and Alphaproteobacteria classes of Proteobacteria, Cyanobacteria, and Bacteroidetes were the most abundant bacterial taxa, followed by Planctomycetes, Deltaproteobacteria (Proteobacteria), Verrucomicrobia, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, and Chloroflexi. Community composition varied among sites and with depth. Although cyanobacteria were the most important bacterial group contributing to the carbonate precipitation potential, photosynthetic eukaryotes, anoxygenic photosynthesizers and sulfate reducers were also very abundant. Cyanobacteria affiliated to Pleurocapsales largely increased with depth. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations showed considerable areas of aragonite-encrusted Pleurocapsa-like cyanobacteria at microscale. Multivariate statistical analyses showed a strong positive correlation of Pleurocapsales and Chroococcales with aragonite formation at macroscale, and suggest a potential causal link. Despite the previous identification of intracellularly calcifying cyanobacteria in Alchichica microbialites, most carbonate precipitation seems extracellular in this system ; We are grateful to Eleonor Cortés for help and good company during the field trip and to Eberto Novelo for helpful discussions at the UNAM lab. This research was funded by the European Research Council Grants ProtistWorld (PI PL-G., Grant Agreement no. 322669) and CALCYAN (PI KB, Grant Agreement no. 307110) under the European Union's Seventh Framework Program and the RTP Génomique environnementale of the CNRS (project MetaStrom, PI DM)

A major challenge for further development of drug screening procedures, cell replacement therapies and developmental studies is the identification of expandable human stem cells able to generate the cell types needed. We have previously reported the generation of an immortalized polyclonal neural stem cell (NSC) line derived from the human fetal ventral mesencephalon (hVM1). This line has been biochemically, genetically, immunocytochemically and electrophysiologically characterized to document its usefulness as a model system for the generation of A9 dopaminergic neurons (DAn). Long-term in vivo transplantation studies in parkinsonian rats showed that the grafts do not mature evenly. We reasoned that diverse clones in the hVM1 line might have different abilities to differentiate. In the present study, we have analyzed 9 hVM1 clones selected on the basis of their TH generation potential and, based on the number of v-myc copies, v-myc down-regulation after in vitro differentiation, in vivo cell cycle exit, TH+ neuron generation and expression of a neuronal mature marker (hNSE), we selected two clones for further in vivo PD cell replacement studies. The conclusion is that homogeneity and clonality of characterized NSCs allow transplantation of cells with controlled properties, which should help in the design of long-term in vivo experiments ; This work was supported by grants from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (formerly Science and Innovation; PLE2009-0101, SAF2010-17167), Comunidad Autónoma Madrid (S2011-BMD-2336), Instituto Salud Carlos III (RETICS TerCel, RD06/0010/0009) and European Union (Excell, NMP4-SL-2008-214706). This work was also supported by an institutional grant from Foundation Ramón Areces to the Center of Molecular Biology Severo Ochoa

Publicado en: Mountain Research and Development Vol. 25 Nº 3 Aug 2005. Pp 200–205 ; The success of participatory conservation projects depends greatly on the interest shown by the local population and on the strategies used to incorporate all stakeholders from the initial stages. In the highly diverse region of the tropical Andean páramos, threats to ecosystem integrity come mainly from agriculture and cattle grazing. Approaches to biodiversity conservation have often been based on top-down regulations imposed by government agencies. The implementation of an alternative approach, incorporating local communities in the design of action plans for conservation, was the central objective during the design phase of the Andean Páramo Project. These plans will be executed in a network of key pilot sites along the South American páramos. Here we report on experience at the two Venezuelan sites, where the design process involved a series of participatory workshops. The multidisciplinary nature of the facilitation team was essential in addressing the complex links between biodiversity conservation, land use strategies, and human welfare. The success of the approach was associated with the local population's great interest in and detailed knowledge of the ecosystem, as well as with our emphasis on empowerment through incorporating local knowledge and views as the basis for planning. ; 200–205 ; llambi@ula.ve ; julia@ula.ve ; norypc@ula.ve ; maximina@ula.ve

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an imaging technique currently used in clinical practice to obtain optical biopsies of different biological tissues in a minimally invasive way. Among the contrast agents proposed to increase the efficacy of this imaging method, gold nanoshells (GNSs) are the best performing ones. However, their preparation is generally time-consuming, and they are intrinsically costly to produce. Herein, we propose a more affordable alternative to these contrast agents: Bi2Se3 nanostructured clusters with a desert rose-like morphology prepared via a microwave-assisted method. The structures are prepared in a matter of minutes, feature strong near-infrared extinction properties, and are biocompatible. They also boast a photon-to-heat conversion efficiency of close to 50%, making them good candidates as photothermal therapy agents. In vitro studies evidence the prowess of Bi2Se3 clusters as OCT contrast agents and prove that their performance is comparable to that of GNSs ; J.Y. acknowledges the support from the China Scholarship Council (CSC file no. 201704910867). R.M. acknowledges the support of the European Commission through the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Grant agreement no. 797945 (LANTERNS). This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness under projects MAT2017-83111R, MAT2017-85617-R, and PID2019- 106211RB-I00, by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (PI16/ 00812), by the Comunidad Autonoma de Madrid (B2017/ ́ BMD-3867 RENIM-CM), and cofinanced by the European Structural and Investment Fund

Edge effect is a strong driver of change in fragmented landscapes. In the last few decades, agricultural land-use intensity at field scale has increased and, consequently, the edges between crops and natural vegetation matrix have sharpened. Interspersed crops produce now negative effects not only by direct habitat destruction, but also by inputs of agrochemicals that may spread their effects on the surroundings. These processes are taking place worryingly in steppe habitats in Iberian Peninsula where the high diversity of bird communities and other taxa they hold is at risk. The aims of this study were to evaluate the edge effect of crops on i) the microhabitat quality of a natural landscape matrix and ii) the space use of a threatened habitat-specialist steppe bird, the Dupont's lark (Chersophilus duponti). We carried out microhabitat sampling and bird surveys within and around crops interspersed in a typical Iberian shrub-steppe matrix during spring and autumn 2016 and spring 2017. Microhabitat quality was measured by sampling vegetation structure and arthropod biomass (as proxy of food availability) within and at increasing distances (1, 10 and 50 m) to seven crops. The intensity of space use by the Dupont's lark was estimated applying a Kernel density function on the spatial point pattern of the males' territories. Vegetation structure variables were summarized by Principal Components Analysis. Linear Mixed Models and model averaging were used to test for effects of distance to crop on microhabitat quality and space use by the Dupont's lark. Distance to crop significantly affected microhabitat quality. A patchy structure of herbaceous and shrub was found outside crops in all sampling dates, with more shrub cover and less herbaceous cover as the distance to crops increased. Biomass of hypogeous arthropods significantly decreased when the distance to crops was lower than 50 m. The intensity of space use by Dupont's lark varied according to the sampling date, being higher in spring, and as the distance to crops and the biomass of hypogeous arthropods increased. Negative effects of crops on the space use of this bird species might be shaped both by the effect of the crop itself and by its edge effect on hypogeous arthropods. Our results point to an edge effect of crops of 10–50 m on natural vegetation structure, arthropod availability and use of space by the Dupont`s lark, which suggests that the effective area of optimal habitat available for true steppe species could be overestimated ; This study was supported by the Education, Youth and Sport Bureau (Madrid Regional Government, Spain) and the European Social Fund for the Youth Employment Initiative (Spain) [PEJ15/AMB/AI-0059], the European Commission (Spain) [Life-Ricotí project LIFE15-NAT-ES-000802] and the BBVA Foundation (Spain) [BBVA-Dron Ricotí project 026107]. This is a contribution to the Excellence Network Remedinal 3CM (Spain) (S2013/MAE2719), supported by Comunidad de Madrid

[EN] This review compiles the most relevant advances made in the production of doubled haploid plants in eggplant, the application of doubled haploid lines in breeding programs, and the future perspectives for the development of alternative technologies for doubled haploid generation in this species. Eggplant is a solanaceous crop cultivated worldwide for its edible fruit. Eggplant breeding programs are mainly aimed to the generation of F1 hybrids by crossing two highly homozygous, pure lines, which are traditionally obtained upon several self crossing generations, which is an expensive and time consuming process. Alternatively, fully homozygous, doubled haploid (DH) individuals can be induced from haploid cells of the germ line in a single generation. Several attempts have been made to develop protocols to produce eggplant DHs principally using anther culture and isolated microspore culture. Eggplant could be considered a moderately recalcitrant species in terms of ability for DH production. Anther culture stands nowadays as the most valuable technology to obtain eggplant DHs. However, the theoretical possibility of having plants regenerated from somatic tissues of the anther walls cannot be ruled out. For this reason, the use of isolated microspores is recommended when possible. This approach still has room for improvement, but it is largely genotype-dependent. In this review, we compile the most relevant advances made in DH production in eggplant, their application to breeding programs, and the future perspectives for the development of other, less genotype-dependent, DH technologies. ; This research was funded by the Valencian Government, grant number CDEIGENT 2018/023 to RMM and by the Spanish MICINN, grant number PID2020-115763RB-I00 to JMSS. ACS is the recipient of a predoctoral contract from the FPU program of the Spanish Government. ; Mir Moreno, R.; Calabuig-Serna, A.; Seguí-Simarro, JM. (2021). Doubled haploids in eggplant. Biology. 10(7):1-16. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology10070685 ; S ; 1 ; 16 ; 10 ...

En el presente trabajo se describe el estado actual de la Colección Osteológica "Prof. Dr.Rómulo Lambre" y las problemáticas surgidas en su integración. Dicha colección se encuentra depositada en la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata y está formada por restos esqueléticos cedidos por autoridades del Cementerio Municipal de La Plata, en el marco del Convenio firmado en 2002 (Ordenanza Municipal 9471/02). La Facultad de Ciencias Médicas y la Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo (UNLP) firman en 2005 el Acuerdo de Cooperación en el que expresan la intención de generar una colección osteológica de referencia contemporánea, regional y documentada en nuestro país. La colección cuenta con más de cuatrocientos esqueletos, con datos de edad, sexo, nacionalidad, fecha y causa de muerte. Durante el proceso de integración se presentaron dificultades en el tratamiento del material, desde la exhumación de los restos hasta su acondicionamiento y posterior conservación. La Colección Lambre fue creada con fines científicos y educativos, su formación se enmarca en la legislación vigente y el trabajo sobre la misma es guiado por las directrices explicitadas en la Declaración de la Asociación de Antropología Biológica Argentina. ; In this paper we describe the "Prof. Dr. Rómulo Lambre" Skeletal Collection, and the problems arisen in its integration. This collection is placed in the Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata. It was formed by skeletal remains yielded by autorities from the Cementerio Municipal La Plata (Ordenanza Municipal 9471/02). The Facultad de Ciencias Médicas and the Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo (UNLP) signed in 2005 the Agreement of Cooperation in which they express the intention to generate a contemporary and well documented human skeletal reference collections in our country. The collection has more than four hundred skeletons, with data of age, sex, nationality and date and cause of death. During the integration process we found difficulties in the treatment of the material, from the exhumation to the preparation and later conservation. The Lambre Collection was created for teaching and research purposes and it was supported by the current legislation. The management will be guided by the directives specifi ed in the Declaration of the Asociación Argentina de Antropología Biológica. ; Asociación de Antropología Biológica de la República Argentina

A correct identification of seropositive individuals for the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is of paramount relevance to assess the degree of protection of a human population to present and future outbreaks of the COVID-19 pandemic. We describe here a sensitive and quantitative flow cytometry method using the cytometer-friendly non-adherent Jurkat T-cell line that stably expresses the full-length native spike "S" protein of SARS-CoV-2 and a truncated form of the human EGFR that serves a normalizing role. S protein and huEGFRt coding sequences are separated by a T2A self-cleaving sequence, allowing to accurately quantify the presence of anti-S immunoglobulins by calculating a score based on the ratio of fluorescence intensities obtained by double-staining with the test sera and anti-EGFR. The method allows to detect immune individuals regardless of the result of other serological tests or even repeated PCR monitoring. As examples of its use, we show that as much as 28% of the personnel working at the CBMSO in Madrid is already immune. Additionally, we show that anti-S antibodies with protective neutralizing activity are long-lasting and can be detected in sera 8 months after infection ; This work was funded by intramural grant CSIC-COVID19-004: 202020E081 (to B.A.) and CSIC-COVID19-004: 202020E165 (to MF). L.H has been supported by an FPI fellowship from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation. I.B. has been supported by an H2020-MSCA-ITN-2016 training network grant of the European Union (GA 721358)

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk shows a clear sexual dimorphism with age, with a lower incidence in young women compared to age‐matched men. However, this protection is lost after menopause. We demonstrate that sex‐biased sensitivity to the development of CVD with age runs in parallel with changes in G protein‐coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) protein levels in the murine heart and that mitochondrial fusion markers, related to mitochondrial functionality and cardiac health, inversely correlate with GRK2. Young female mice display lower amounts of cardiac GRK2 protein compared to age‐matched males, whereas GRK2 is upregulated with age specifically in female hearts. Such an increase in GRK2 seems to be specific to the cardiac muscle since a different pattern is found in the skeletal muscles of aging females. Changes in the cardiac GRK2 protein do not seem to rely on transcriptional modulation since adrbk1 mRNA does not change with age and no differences are found between sexes. Global changes in proteasomal or autophagic machinery (known regulators of GRK2 dosage) do not seem to correlate with the observed GRK2 dynamics. Interestingly, cardiac GRK2 upregulation in aging females is recapitulated by ovariectomy and can be partially reversed by estrogen supplementation, while this does not occur in the skeletal muscle. Our data indicate an unforeseen role for ovarian hormones in the regulation of GRK2 protein levels in the cardiac muscle which correlates with the sex‐dependent dynamics of CVD risk, and might have interesting therapeutic applications, particularly for post‐menopausal women ; We acknowledge support by the Agencia Estatal de Investigación (MINECO/FEDER), Spain (grant SAF2017-84125-R to FM and CM and grant SAF2016-80384 R to ILL and AMP); the CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV, Instituto de Salud Carlos III) Spain (grant CB16/11/00278 to F.M., co-funded with European FEDER contribution), and the Programa de Actividades en Biomedicina de la Comunidad de Madrid (B2017/BMD-3671-INFLAMUNE to FM). MR M-C was funded by a grant from Balearic Islands Government (FPI/1888/2016), after being selected in the framework of an operating program co-financed by the European Social Fund

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. The ubiquitin proteasome system regulates meiotic recombination in yeast through its association with the synaptonemal complex, a 'zipper'-like structure that holds homologous chromosome pairs in synapsis during meiotic prophase I. In mammals, the proteasome activator subunit PA200 targets acetylated histones for degradation during somatic DNA double strand break repair and during histone replacement during spermiogenesis. We investigated the role of the testis-specific proteasomal subunit a4s (PSMA8) during spermatogenesis, and found that PSMA8 was localized to and dependent on the central region of the synaptonemal complex. Accordingly, synapsis-deficient mice show delocalization of PSMA8. Moreover, though Psma8-deficient mice are proficient in meiotic homologous recombination, there are alterations in the proteostasis of several key meiotic players that, in addition to the known substrate acetylated histones, have been shown by a proteomic approach to interact with PSMA8, such as SYCP3, SYCP1, CDK1 and TRIP13. These alterations lead to an accumulation of spermatocytes in metaphase I and II which either enter massively into apoptosis or give rise to a low number of aberrant round spermatids that apoptose before histone replacement takes place ; This work was supported by MINECO (BFU2017-89408-R) and by Junta de Castilla y Leon (CSI239P18). LGH and NFM are supported by European Social Fund/JCyLe grants (EDU/1083/ 2013 and EDU/310/2015) and YBC by a FPI grant from the MINECO (BS-2015-073993). IR was supported by MINECO (BFU2016-80370-P). JAS was supported by MINECO (BFU2014-53681-P). We appreciate the help of Mª Luz Sánchez García for the FACs analysis. The proteomic analysis was performed in the Proteomics Facility of Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, Salamanca, Grant PRB3 (IPT17/0019 - ISCIII-SGEFI / ERDF). CIC-IBMCC is supported by the Programa de Apoyo a Planes Estratégicos de Investigación de Estructuras de Investigación de Excelencia cofunded by the Castilla–León autonomous government and the European Regional Development Fund (CLC– 2017–01). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript

Artículo escrito por un elevado número de autores, solo se referencian el que aparece en primer lugar, el nombre del grupo de colaboración, si le hubiere, y los autores pertenecientes a la UAM ; Participatory scenario planning (PSP) is an increasingly popular tool in place-based environmental research for evaluating alternative futures of social-ecological systems. Although a range of guidelines on PSP methods are available in the scientific and grey literature, there is a need to reflect on existing practices and their appropriate application for different objectives and contexts at the local scale, as well as on their potential perceived outcomes. We contribute to theoretical and empirical frameworks by analyzing how and why researchers assess social-ecological systems using place-based PSP, hence facilitating the appropriate uptake of such scenario tools in the future. We analyzed 23 PSP case studies conducted by the authors in a wide range of social-ecological settings by exploring seven aspects: (1) the context; (2) the original motivations and objectives; (3) the methodological approach; (4) the process; (5) the content of the scenarios; (6) the outputs of the research; and (7) the monitoring and evaluation of the PSP process. This was complemented by a reflection on strengths and weaknesses of using PSP for the place-based social-ecological research. We conclude that the application of PSP, particularly when tailored to shared objectives between local people and researchers, has enriched environmental management and scientific research through building common understanding and fostering learning about future planning of social-ecological systems. However, PSP still requires greater systematic monitoring and evaluation to assess its impact on the promotion of collective action for transitions to sustainability and the adaptation to global environmental change and its challenges ; Funding for the case studies was provided by: the Social Science and Humanities Research Council of Canada, the University of Saskatchewan, the German Ministry of Education and Research (FKZ 01UU0904AD), the European Commission 7th Framework Program (projects HERCULES grant agreement 603447, COMET-LA grant agreement 282845, COMBIOSERVE grant agreement 282899 and COBRA grant agreement 249667), the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida), the Rural Economy and Land Use Program (project RES-224-25-0088), the Australian Department of Environment, the Australian Government's Natural Resource Management (NRM), Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation Research Program, the Wet Tropics Cluster NRM Groups, the Reef Catchments NRM, the Terrain NRM, the DFATCSIRO Research for Development Alliance, the Spanish Ministry for the Environment and Rural and Marine Affairs (projects 079/ RN08/02.1 and 018/2009), the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (project CGL2011-30266), the Spanish Agency for International Cooperation and Development, a Sofja- Kovalevskaja Award granted by the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, the U.S. National Science Foundation, a David Smith Fellowship, the Ecosystem Services for Poverty Alleviation (ESPA) programme (project NE/I00324X/1), the Bonnechere River Watershed Project, The Ontario Trillium Foundation, the World Wildlife Fund-Spain, the Autonomous Organization of National Parks (Spain), and the Ministry of Education for a University Teacher Training fellowship

Abstracts of the XVIII Congreso de Biometría CEBMADRID held from 25 to 27 May in Madrid ; Interactive modelling and prediction of patient evolution via multistate models / Leire Garmendia Bergés, Jordi Cortés Martínez and Guadalupe Gómez Melis : This research was funded by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (Spain) [PID2019104830RBI00]; and the Generalitat de Catalunya (Spain) [2017SGR622 and 2020PANDE00148]. ; Operating characteristics of a model-based approach to incorporate non-concurrent controls in platform trials / Pavla Krotka, Martin Posch, Marta Bofill Roig : EU-PEARL (EU Patient-cEntric clinicAl tRial pLatforms) project has received funding from the Innovative Medicines Initiative (IMI) 2 Joint Undertaking (JU) under grant agreement No 853966. This Joint Undertaking receives support from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme and EFPIA and Children's Tumor Foundation, Global Alliance for TB Drug Development non-profit organisation, Spring works Therapeutics Inc. ; Modeling COPD hospitalizations using variable domain functional regression / Pavel Hernández Amaro, María Durbán Reguera, María del Carmen Aguilera Morillo, Cristobal Esteban Gonzalez, Inma Arostegui : This work is supported by the grant ID2019-104901RB-I00 from the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033. ; Spatio-temporal quantile autoregression for detecting changes in daily temperature in northeastern Spain / Jorge Castillo-Mateo, Alan E. Gelfand, Jesús Asín, Ana C. Cebrián / Spatio-temporal quantile autoregression for detecting changes in daily temperature in northeastern Spain : This work was partially supported by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación under Grant PID2020-116873GB-I00; Gobierno de Aragón under Research Group E46_20R: Modelos Estocásticos; and JC-M was supported by Gobierno de Aragón under Doctoral Scholarship ORDEN CUS/581/2020. ; Estimation of the area under the ROC curve with complex survey data / Amaia Iparragirre, Irantzu Barrio, ...

Financiado para publicación en acceso aberto: Universidade de Vigo/CISUG ; The history of modern humans in the Iberian Peninsula includes a variety of population arrivals sometimes presenting admixture with resident populations. Genetic data from current Iberian populations revealed an overall east–west genetic gradient that some authors interpreted as a direct consequence of the Reconquista, where Catholic Kingdoms expanded their territories toward the south while displacing Muslims. However, this interpretation has not been formally evaluated. Here, we present a qualitative analysis of the causes of the current genetic gradient observed in the Iberian Peninsula using extensive spatially explicit computer simulations based on a variety of evolutionary scenarios. Our results indicate that the Neolithic range expansion clearly produces the orientation of the observed genetic gradient. Concerning the Reconquista (including political borders among Catholic Kingdoms and regions with different languages), if modeled upon a previous Neolithic expansion, it effectively favored the orientation of the observed genetic gradient and shows local isolation of certain regions (i.e., Basques and Galicia). Despite additional evolutionary scenarios could be evaluated to more accurately decipher the causes of the Iberian genetic gradient, here we show that this gradient has a more complex explanation than that previously hypothesized. ; Fundación BBVA | Ref. Becas Leonardo a Investigadores y Creadores Culturales 2019 ; Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España) | Ref. RYC-2015-18241 ; Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia | Ref. SFRH/BD/143607/2019 ; Universidade de Vigo/CISUG

El cogollero del maíz, también conocido como oruga militar tardía (Spodoptera frugiperda), es una plaga voraz que actualmente presenta una distribución global y representa una amenaza para los productores agrícolas. Dos miembros de la familia Baculoviridae son capaces de infectar a esta plaga, proporcionando una alternativa para su control biológico sin incurrir en el uso excesivo de pesticidas químicos. En esta tesis se abordó la caracterización dos aislamientos argentinos de baculovirus capaces de infectar S. frugiperda (SfGV y SfMNPV) a través de distintas tecnologías ómicas. El principal objetivo de esta trabajo fue profundizar nuestro conocimiento sobre los factores genómicos y proteómicos involucrados en la adaptación de estos aislamientos nativos a su hospedador. Sumado a esto, se exploró la posibilidad de multiplicar el granulovirus SfGV en cultivos celulares, de forma similar a las metodologías empleadas con nucleopoliedrovirus. En última instancia, se espera que los conocimientos y datos generados en esta tesis contribuyan a mejorar la aplicabilidad de estos baculovirus como biopesticidas. El estudio de la composición proteica de la partícula infectiva de granulovirus se desarrolla en el capítulo 2. En el capítulo 3 se discute la diversidad genética encontrada dentro de un aislamiento argentino de SfMNPV y sus posibles consecuencias en la adaptación del virus a su hospedador. En el capítulo 4 se describen los resultados preliminares de la caracterización del ciclo infectivo de SfGV en cultivos celulares de insecto. Por último, en el capítulo 5 se provee una discusión global de los resultados obtenidos y se proyectan las perspectivas de futuros estudios para caracterizar una proteína con capacidad agregante en SfGV y una colagenasa conservada en SfMNPV. ; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas