Suchergebnisse

In politics and business, the new communications media are being used increasingly for the purpose of staging discursive conflicts. Program systems have been developed, which are designed to facilitate decision making in moderated or mediated groups. One of these programs, "ZENO", was tested in a three-month online roll-playing encounter called "Sprottenborn". The use of role playing in a research context is methodologically new. The communication experiences and the written interactions among participating subjects were analyzed. The main purpose of our investigations was to make a contribution to further development of the software and to gain a more insightful view of typical online psychosocial processes. We compared them with well known results of sociopsychological discourse research. This project was carried out jointly by the Institute for Autonomous Intelligence Systems (AiS) in St. Augustin, Germany and the Working Group on Online Mediation at the Social Science Research Center Berlin (WZB) in Berlin, Germany. ; In Politik und Wirtschaft werden die neuen Kommunikationsmedien zunehmend zur Gestaltung diskursiver Auseinandersetzungen genutzt. Internetbasierte Programmsysteme stehen zur Verfügung, die den Austausch von Argumenten und das Finden von Entscheidungen in moderierten/mediierten Gruppen erleichtern sollen. Eines dieser Programme (ZENO) haben wir in einem dreimonatigen Rollenspiel (Sprottenborn) erprobt. Mit der Verwendung eines Rollenspiels zu Forschungszwecken betreten wir methodisch wenig sondiertes Terrain. Die im Internet niedergelegten schriftlichen Interaktionen und Kommunikationserfahrungen der Beteiligten Versuchspartner wurden systematisch erfasst und ausgewertet. Das Ziel der Untersuchung bestand darin, einen Beitrag zur Weiterentwicklung der Software und zum besseren Verständnis onlinetypischer psychosozialer Prozesse zu liefern. Hierbei konnte an gut bekannte Befunde der sozialpsychologischen Diskursforschung vergleichend angeknüpft werden. Das Projekt wurde in Kooperation mit dem Institut für Autonome intelligente Systeme (AiS, St. Augustin) und der AG-Online-Mediation (Berlin, WZB) durchgeführt.

Purpose
This study aims to examine the influence of homophily in an online community and the effect of electronic word of mouth (eWOM) consensus on young consumers' attitudes.


Design/methodology/approach
This study implemented an experimental research design using a two (low/high homophily) × two (low/high eWOM consensus) mixed factorial design. This study explores young consumers' changes in brand attitude after encountering negative eWOM.


Findings
The results indicate that a high consensus of negative eWOM among online community members leads to significant changes in attitude, while a low consensus of negative eWOM does not produce such an effect. Negative eWOM from either high or low homophilous sources produces significant changes in attitude. There are significant attitude changes when a strong consensus of negative eWOM is received from a source with a high level of homophily.


Research limitations/implications
Service failures in offline service settings lead to the dissemination of negative eWOM on social media. To handle and prevent social media crises, researchers should understand online crises antecedents relating to information characteristics i.e. eWOM consensus and characteristics of online community members to evaluate the crises impact. Brands should monitor tone and dialogue of online community member on social media to remedy and diminish any damage done to their brand image from negative eWOM.


Originality/value
This study contributes to the application of social network theory by understanding the role of nodes on negative eWOM effect in social media.

Cluster-network analysis of online communities will move from rizomnoy paradigm to cluster in the perception of social networks as a form of interpersonal and intergroup communication. This article describes the author's technique created and approved research online communities of political, public and commercial organizations in the framework of the IIP in "AIT" Bashkir State University.

Cyberbullying of women and girls is not just a violation of human rights, it is a global phenomenon that is destroying the lives of women and their families around the world. Using a hermeneutic documentary methodology, the objective of the study was to determine the legal mechanisms for the use of social networks as a means of combating gender violence and thus outline the main problems of their application of the law. Everything indicates that social networks, as an effective means of forming positive public opinions, can form a positive image of women and the appropriate attitude of men towards them, and as well as contribute to combating violence on the Internet. The system for combating gender-based violence consists of prevention, protection, criminal responsibility, and a comprehensive gender policy. It concludes that international gender policy standards have been found to be based on a model of "real equality", which is ensured through the achievement of equal opportunities, equal access to opportunities and equal performance.

Delinquents are embedded in a network of relationships. Social ties among delinquents are modeled by means of a graph where delinquents compete for a booty and benefit from local interactions with their neighbors. Each delinquent decides in a non-cooperative way how much delinquency effort he will exert. Using the network model developed by Ballester et al. (2006), we characterize the Nash equilibrium and derive an optimal enforcement policy, called the key-player policy, which targets the delinquent who, once removed, leads to the highest aggregate delinquency reduction. We then extend our characterization of optimal single player network removal for delinquency reduction, the key player, to optimal group removal, the key group. We also characterize and derive a policy that targets links rather than players. Finally, we endogenize the network connecting delinquents by allowing players to join the labor market instead of committing delinquent offenses. The key-player policy turns out to be much more complex since it depends on wages and on the structure of the network.

Abstract
A rare set of data on a changing social network of personalities, drawn by a sufferer of Multiple Personality Disorder are investigated using random graph theory. The key features guiding the patient's production of these wholly delusional networks, features which define her "schema" of social network, are derived by fitting a family of nested distributions. From this, we can derive a tentative hypothesis of how the laity may understand the logic of social networks, a hypothesis that is consonant with other forms of informal evidence.

AbstractCivil society networks are critical actors in international development and social change, even as they are organizationally complex and challenging to design and manage. Network forms of organization may be "neither markets nor hierarchies," but there is little shared understanding globally about the options that exist for designing interorganizational network structures or the conditions under which different options may be selected. This empirical study of thirty networks across eleven sectors and five global regions contributes a new conceptual framework for categorizing different types of network structures based on the level of interdependence among network members. Findings reveal three distinct network design options, indicate patterns of network development, and suggest several conditions that may influence the design of civil society networks.

Schelling (Schelling, T., 1969. Models of segregation. American Economic Review 59, 488–493; Schelling, T., 1971a. Dynamic models of segregation. Journal of Mathematical Sociology 1, 143–186; Schelling, T., 1971b. On the ecology of micromotives. The Public Interest 25, 61–98; Schelling, T., 1978. Micromotives and Macrobehavior. W.W. Norton and Company, New York) considered a model with individual agents who only care about the types of people living in their own local neighborhood. The spatial structure was represented by a one- or two-dimensional lattice. Schelling showed that an integrated society will generally unravel into a rather segregated one even though no individual agent strictly prefers this. We generalize this spatial proximity model to a proximity model of segregation, examining models with individual agents who interact 'locally' in a range of more general social network structures. The levels of segregation attained are in line with those reached in the lattice-based spatial proximity model.

Este artículo trata de avanzar en el conocimiento de la situación de las mujeres mayores respecto al uso de las redes sociales y su relación con la calidad de vida. Se ocupa de un colectivo al que nuestra sociedad no presta demasiada atención desde una perspectiva política ni académica y lo hace desde un punto de vista de absoluta vigencia, como es la participación en las redes sociales. El marco teórico lo trazan la revisión de las ideas de web 2.0, brecha digital y brecha digital de género, y envejecimiento activo y calidad de vida. Es un trabajo cualitativo para el que se ha realizado un muestreo de carácter intencional de ocho casos típicos que responden al perfil de mujeres de más de 55 años, residentes en Asturias, cuidadoras y usuarias de las redes sociales, cuya vinculación con las TIC no está relacionada con el empleo ni con su trayectoria académica. Se han llevado a cabo cinco entrevistas en profundidad y un grupo de discusión heterogéneo formado por tres usuarias y tres expertas en materia de igualdad y nuevas tecnologías. Analizados los datos a la luz de las categorías establecidas, el estudio concluye que el acceso a internet y a las redes sociales influye en la mejora de la calidad de vida de las mujeres mayores y los resultados que se alcanzan contribuyen a perfilar ideas de gran relevancia para formular políticas públicas que fomenten la igualdad en el acceso de las mujeres mayores a las redes sociales. ; This article attempts to deepen our knowledge concerning the use that elderly women make of social networks and how this relates to their quality of life. It deals with a collective often ignored by society both from an academic and political perspective. In addition, it does through the absolutely contemporary viewpoint of the participation in social networks. The theoretical framework is determined by the web 2.0, the digital gap and the digital gender gap, and the active aging and the quality of life. It is a qualitative study which involves a purposive sampling with eight typical cases, whose profile is women over 55 years old, resident in Asturias, carers and social networks users. There use of ICT is not related to the employment or to their academic career. We conducted five in-depth interviews and formed one heterogeneous focus group made of three of the aforementioned women and three specialists in equality and ICT. The review of data in the light of the analysis categories concludes that access to internet and social networks improves the quality of life in elderly women and the reached results contribute to the definition of relevant ideas to the public policies to encourage equality in the access of elderly women to social networks.