Suchergebnisse

International migration is not simply a result of individuals' search for better opportunities, but is also linked to a complex series of economic and geopolitical processes. It is also an especially important interpretive key through which to understand the long history of globalization. For Castles and Miller, migration is a collective action that increasingly changes the social, political, economic, and cultural landscape of the world. According to Mauss, it is a fait social total. Over the last 20 years, an increasing number of countries have experienced a prolonged transition in the nature of the migration to which they are subject: countries that were historically lands of emigration are becoming lands of immigration, for example Italy, Greece, Spain, Portugal, and Ireland. Societies, and especially destination and departure countries, are inextricably interrelated through this phenomenon.

Although International Joint Ventures (IJVs) suffer from a relatively high failure rate, they represent an increasingly important aspect of international business. A major criticism of the IJV literature is that it lacks a comprehensive framework for understanding the formation and maintenance of IJV relationships. It is suggested that this is due to the reliance on transaction cost theory and resource dependence theory that alone are not able to fully explain IJV relationship formation and maintenance. Drawing upon research in the buyer-seller and channels literature, the authors apply relational exchange theory to highlight important relational variables that are likely to impact IJVs. The political economy framework is then used to develop an integrative framework of IJV relationships that include these key relational variables. Implications for managerial action and future research are discussed.

What is the status of rational choice theory in contemporary European political science? Compared with a quarter-century ago, the rational choice approach is still far from being the paradigm of work in the discipline, but looking at both anecdotal evidence and information derived from journal citations and textbook contents, it seems that the number of political scientists working wholly or partly within the approach has grown markedly, and that its contribution to the mainstream of the field is strong.

This article discusses how nationalist regional and state-wide parties, responding to different sub-national party systems dynamics, contribute similarly to interregional and individual public opinion disagreements about the model of the state in new, successfully decentralized democracies. Using individual survey data and other regional-level aggregate measures to perform a multilevel analysis in the 17 Spanish regions, we will show that both types of parties (non- and state-wide parties), following certain sub-national party system dynamics, are a very important influential and conditional factor in explaining the individual preferences adopted by citizens regarding the model of the state, despite the generally positive evaluation of the performance of new decentralized institutions by a large majority of Spaniards. These different positions are producing a persistent inter-individual conflict among Spaniards that have also a strong interregional component.

'Der vorliegende Bericht ist der zweite Teil einer Studie über die politischen Eliten in der Ex-Tschechoslowakei. Der erste Teil konzentriert sich auf die Untersuchung der kommunistischen Nomenklatura-Elite und analysiert die neu entstandenen tschechischen und slowakischen Eliten im Hinblick auf die sie prägenden historischen und neuen Faktoren. Die historische und gegenwärtige Entwicklung der staatsrechtlichen tschechisch-slowakischen Krise wird skizziert. Mit der Herauskristallisierung der tschechischen und slowakischen politischen Szene, den Folgen der Wirtschaftsreform und dem Ausgang der Parlamentswahlen von 1992 werden die Schwerpunkte der Untersuchung im zweiten Teil der Studie fortgeführt. Auf der Suche nach den Ursachen des Zerfalls der CSFR werden sozial- und wirtschaftspolitische Folgen der Transformation sowie die staatsrechtliche Diskussion in der Slowakei beleuchtet. Anschließend wird die Rolle der Führungseliten, ihre wirtschaftspolitische Orientierung und Motivation in dem sich anbahnenden Zerfallsprozeß analysiert.' (Autorenreferat)

Das theoretische und empirische Interesse an der Fragestellung nach der Wirksamkeit politisch-administrativer Steuerungsressourcen muss den Autoren zufolge vor dem Hintergrund der derzeitigen Staatskrisen- und Planungsdiskussion betrachtet werden, die vor allem das Verhältnis von Ökonomie und Politik unter dem Gesichtspunkt objektiv zunehmender Vergesellschaftung der Produktion und den daraus folgenden ökonomischen, politischen und legitimatorischen Strukturbedingungen thematisiert. Dabei ist das zentrale Problem dieser Diskussion, die theoretische und empirische Ebenenvermittlung zwischen den objektiven Entwicklungsbedingungen ökonomisch-gesellschaftlicher Strukturen, den darauf basierenden politisch-administrativen Prozessen und der konkreten institutionellen und materiellen Problemregulierung noch weitgehend ungelöst. Ferner ist die Frage nicht geklärt, ob die dem politisch-administrativen System zur Verfügung stehenden Steuerungsressourcen in der Lage sind, das prekäre Gleichgewicht von ökonomischen und legitimatorischen Anforderungen in einer möglichst krisenfreien Balance zu halten. Die Autoren stellen in ihrem Aufsatz die Steuerungsressourcen (fiskalische Steuerungsressource, Legitimationserzeugung, politisch-administrative Rationalität) in ihrer bisherigen Wirksamkeit dar, wobei sie diese unter verschiedenen ökonomisch-legitimatorischen Bedingungen primär auf der Zentralstaatsebene und andeutungsweise auf der kommunalen Politikebene untersuchen. (ICI2)

AbstractAmerican research has found that change in political identification is a possible outcome of a university education, particularly in the liberal arts. By contrast, Canadian survey data collected in 1963, 1967, 2013, and 2017 point to there being no change in political identification on the part of undergraduates in a Canadian university with a liberal arts curriculum. In contrast to the United States, by means of cluster analyses conducted on the results of surveys of the American federal elections of 1964 and 2016, and the Canadian national elections of 1965 and 2015, I show that the political identification of two cohorts of Canadian undergraduates is more likely an artifact of the national multi‐party system in Canada than it is the result of a university education.

In this carefully researched, thought-provoking book, Geoffrey Hughes examines the trajectory of political correctness and its impact on public life. Focusing on the historical, semantic, and cultural aspects of political correctness, it will intrigue anyone interested in this ongoing debate. A unique and intriguing journey through the trajectory of political correctness and its impact on public life, focusing on the historical, semantic, and cultural aspects of what PC meansExplores the origins, progress, content and style of political correctness, discussing and analyzing around one hundred

"As democracy encounters increasing difficulties, many citizens are turning to the domain of alternative politics and, in doing so, making considerable use of the Web and other new communication technologies. Clearly this is having significant impact, and new modes of political participation and even political cultures are emerging. In this volume, Peter Dahlgren analyses various factors that shape such Web-facilitated participation, including features of the Web itself as well as broader societal realities. Avoiding simplistic optimism or pessimism, the discussion highlights the tensions and force-fields that impact on participation, and also addresses several key topics in regard to citizens' engagement, such as civic subjectivity, web intellectuals and cosmopolitanism. While anchored in an extensive literature and wide theoretical vistas, the book is written in a clear and accessible style"--Provided by publisher.

Computational politics—the application of digital targeted-marketing technologies to election campaigns in the US and elsewhere—are now raising the same concerns for democratic discourse and governance that they have long raised for consumer privacy and welfare in the commercial marketplace. This paper examines the digital strategies and technologies of today's political operations, explaining how they were employed during the most recent US election cycle, and exploring the implications of their continued use in the civic context. The paper concludes with a discussion of recent policy proposals designed to increase transparency and accountability in digital politics.

Derived pension rights exist in most Social Security systems but with variable generosity. They are mainly targeted towards non-working wives and widows and are viewed as a means to alleviate poverty among older women living alone. The purpose of this paper is to explain how they can emerge from a political economy process when the Social Security is a combination of Bismarckian and Beveridgian pillars. It also shows that derived rights tend to encourage stay-at-home wives thus revealing an unpleasant trade-o§ between female labor participation and poverty alleviation.

Derived pension rights exist in most Social Security systems but with variable generosity. They are mainly targeted towards non-working wives and widows and are viewed as a means to alleviate poverty among older women living alone. The purpose of this paper is to explain how they can emerge from a political economy process when the Social Security is a combination of Bismarckian and Beveridgian pillars. It also shows that derived rights tend to encourage stay-at-home wives thus revealing an unpleasant trade-o§ between female labor participation and poverty alleviation.

Russians say that there is a defeat in every victory and a victory in every defeat. On 16 September 1999, in the Russian Republic of Dagestan, combined forces of civilian militias, police, and Russian federal troops defeated insurgent militants from Chechnya who intended to establish an independent Islamic state in the Northeast Caucasus which would have united Chechnya with Dagestan and Ingushetia. On that same date the Dagestan People's Assembly enacted legislation intended to thwart future Islamic extremism by awarding official political status to the Spiritual Directorate of the Muslims of Dagestan (DUMD).

The roots of adult civic and political participation originate in pre-adult experiences (Verba et al. 1995) and high school extracurricular activities offer students opportunities to develop interpersonal and leadership skills. In this research, we ask whether adolescents also learn gendered norms of political discourse through extracurricular activities. This project assessed gender differences in participation at the 1999 Model United Nations of the Southwest (MUNSW) at the University of Oklahoma. Important differences in participation were observed in the number and character of speaking turns taken by male and female delegates. We find that contextual factors, such as the sex of the committee chair, the issue areas addressed by the committee, and the timing of the session in the conference significantly influence who participates in the discourse, but the percentage of female participants surprisingly does not. The character of the political discourse suggests norms dominated by masculinity. ; Yes ; https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/manuscript-submission-guidelines