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This article examines the politics of voice in Mexican indigenous authorship for the insights it might offer anthropological theory. It takes up the multiple barriers of access indigenous authors face in participating in authorship as a general project, noting the importance of authorship as a point of entry into such universal projects as citizenship, modernity, human rights, democracy, and intellectual property rights. That resonance places the case of Mexican indigenous authors within an established line of anthropological inquiry aiming to examine universal projects ethnographically. I suggest that the particular politics of voice in Mexican indigenous authorship depends on multiple forms of "vocal constriction." Indigenous authors try to reverse this reduction of heteroglossia by espousing assorted strategies designed to expand the vocalic field. My analysis here shows how particular indigenous authors have deployed such strategies, and indicates some of the effects of their efforts. In particular, I stress one "strategy" that most indigenous authors would neither recognize as such nor consciously adopt: the cultivation of conflict, through promoting opposing models of indigenous authorship. I claim that indigenous authors routinely instantiate and expand upon indigenous authorship through an agonistic semiotic process whereby their own models of authorship are opposed to those that other indigenous authors embody. While the participants themselves rarely see such conflicts as productive, their disputes perform crucial labor in expanding the field of possibility for indigenous authors. Thus attending to the politics of voice surrounding authorship offers a new and relatively untapped vein of inquiry for the ethnographic analysis of large-scale social projects. Furthermore, given the discipline's disproportionate interest in authorship as a reflexive rather than ethnographic endeavor, engaging with authorship ethnographically offers a new opportunity for moving outside entrenched grooves in disciplinary discourse and practice.

Born in Clinton, Iowa, in 1985, Salvatore "Sal" Augustine Giunta decided to enlist at age 17, while working in a Subway sandwich shop. He joined the Army in November 2003. He attended Infantry One Station Unit Training and the Basic Airborne Course at Fort Benning, Ga., before being assigned to the 173rd Airborne Brigade Combat Team, Vicenza, Italy, in 2004. Promoted to the rank of staff sergeant in 2009, Giunta completed two combat tours to Afghanistan totaling 27 months of deployment. On Oct. 25, 2007, while conducting a patrol as team leader, Giunta and his team were navigating through the treacherous terrain of Afghanistan's Korengal Valley when they were ambushed by a well-armed and well-coordinated insurgent force. While under heavy enemy fire, Giunta immediately sprinted toward cover and engaged the enemy. Seeing that his squad leader had fallen and believing that he had been injured, Giunta exposed himself to withering enemy fire and raced toward his squad leader, helped him to cover and administered medical aid. While administering first aid, Giunta's body armor was struck by enemy fire. Without regard to the ongoing fire, he engaged the enemy before prepping and throwing grenades, using the explosions for cover in order to conceal his position. Attempting to reach additional wounded fellow soldiers who were separated from the squad, Giunta and his team encountered a barrage of enemy fire that forced them to the ground. The team continued forward and upon reaching the wounded soldiers, Giunta realized that another soldier was still separated from the element. Giunta then advanced on his own initiative. As he crested the top of a hill, he observed two insurgents carrying away an American soldier. He immediately engaged the enemy, killing one and wounding the other. Upon reaching the wounded soldier, he began to provide medical aid as his squad caught up and provided security. For his extraordinary gallantry, Giunta was awarded the Medal of Honor, making him the first living recipient of the Medal of Honor for service in Iraq or Afghanistan, the first living service member to be awarded the Medal of Honor since the Vietnam War and the eighth service member to receive the nation's highest military decoration for valor in Iraq and Afghanistan. Giunta's other military decorations include the Bronze Star, Purple Heart, Army Commendation Medal with oak leaf cluster, Army Achievement Medal, National Defense Service Medal, two Army Good Conduct Medals and the Global War on Terrorism Service Medal. Giunta retired from the Army in June 2011, and in 2012 authored "Living with Honor." He currently lives in Colorado with his wife, Jennifer, and daughter.

The primary goal of the paper is to explain the influence of the Austrian diplomat, Anton Prokesch von Osten, on Austria's Near Eastern policy in Vormärz, in particular towards Egypt governed by the powerful pasha, Mohammed Ali, with whom Prokesch met several times and was impressed by his personality and reforms in the land on the Nile. Though Prokesch's views were not always shared by Austrian Chancellor Metternich in the 1830s, Prokesch served him as a prominent adviser on Mohammed Ali and his political ambitions, and Prokesch also contributed by his knowledge of Egypt as well as his diplomatic skills to limit Mohammed Ali's power and destroy Egypt as a local power in the Eastern Mediterranean at the end of the decade. The paper should contribute to the history of not only Austria's diplomatic history but also the history of modern Egypt and its national rebirth in the 19th century.

I think it is safe to say that the Arab Human Development Report 2005 (AHDR 2005) was the first report to be criticized and even attacked by its own authors. Some contested not being "fully" the "owner" of the report because they were forced to share it with some "disappointing" partners; some attacked it for not fully representing their fundamentalist secular beliefs. Others showed their discontent with its theoretical incoherence and its clear neoliberal approach. These differing stands reflect the spectrum of conflicting views and approaches in the Arab world about women's issues; they also reflect the lack of a spirit of teamwork.