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We study the role of firms in the political economy of trade agreements. Using detailed information from lobbying reports filed under the Lobbying Disclosure Act, we find that virtually all firms that lobby on free trade agreements (FTAs) support their ratification. Moreover, relative to non-lobbying firms, lobbying firms are larger, and more likely to be engaged in international trade and to operate in comparative advantage sectors. To rationalize these findings, we develop a model in which heterogeneous firms decide whether to lobby and how much to spend in favor or against a proposed FTA. We show that the distributional effects are asymmetric: the winners from the FTA have higher stakes in the agreement than the losers, which explains why only pro-FTA firms select into lobbying. The model also delivers predictions on the intensive margin of lobbying. In line with these predictions, we find that firms spend more supporting agreements that generate larger potential gains in terms of the extent of the reduction of tariffs on their final goods and intermediate inputs, the depth of the agreement, and the export and sourcing potential of the FTA partners and when politicians are less likely to be in favor of ratification. ; info:eu-repo/semantics/published

THIS ARTICLE ARGUES THAT A PREVALENT STRAND OF LITERATURE WITHIN INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL ECONOMY ON GLOBALIZATION HAS TWO DEEPLY FLAWED PREMISES. THIS STRAND IS CONCERNED TO DEMONSTRATE THAT THERE EXIST POSSIBILITIES OF RESISTANCE TO THE TRENDS WHICH ARE COLLECTIVELY KNOWN AS "GLOBALIZATION." THE DEBATE IS CONCERNED TO SHOW THAT STATE AUTONOMY IS NOT ERODED BY GLOBALIZATION AND THAT SOCIAL-DEMOCRATIC POLITICAL PROJECTS ARE THEREFORE STILL VIABLE.

A review essay on books by (1) Jacques B. Gelinas, Juggernaut Politics: Understanding Predatory Globalization (London: Zed, 2003); & (2) Jackie Smith & Hank Johnston (Eds), Globalization and Resistance: Transnational Dimensions of Social Movements (Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 2002). Adapted from the source document.

In a period of increasing geopolitical insecurity and economic instability this title provides an authoritative yet accessible commentary on debates on capitalism and globalization in the wake of the financial crisis.

While there is much that is new about globalization, there is much about it that is familiar. As in the past, while globalization produces both winners & losers, aggregate gains exceed aggregate losses, & gains & losses occur within both rich & poor countries. While the rich tend to grow richer, so do the poor. Absolute measures of income inequality often increase with globalization, though they are not caused by it. 4 Tables, 1 Figure, 8 References. Adapted from the source document.

A review symposium on a book by George Ritzer, The Globalization of Nothing (Pine Forge Sage, 2003). Following comments by the three reviewers is a reply by Ritzer.

The existence of a universal understanding of globalization is challenged. After addressing the conflict between globalist & localist perspectives toward globalization, it is demonstrated that Internet technology has been used by different groups to endorse or contest capitalist globalization & that competing groups have attempted to implement globalization from above & from below. Calling such usage of Internet technology "technopolitics," it is subsequently noted that conservative right-wing groups & terrorist organizations have both exploited electronic communications technology to advance their agendas. After highlighting this contested nature of Internet technology, it is then argued that globalization itself is a highly contested terrain, one dominated by opposing forces that seek to maximize control over various groups, institutions, & technologies. The need to establish a dialectical critique of globalization, one that decries its capitalist manifestation & supports the creation of a cosmopolitan, democratic, & multicultural alternative, is articulated. 15 References. J. W. Parker

Introduction: Paul Ricoeur and the Future of Hermeneutics -- 1. 'As Books Should be Read': Philosophy of Action and the Death of the Author -- 2. Hermeneutics and Globalization: What is Hermeneutics Today -- 3. Who is the Lifelong Learner?: Globalization, Lifelong Learning and Hermeneutics -- 4. Memory Politics: Philosophical Reflections on Memory and Forgetting in Sweden and Finland -- 5. Nowhere is Always Now and Here: Tradition, Modernity, Postmodernity and the Metamorphosis of Hermeneutics -- References -- Bibliography -- Index

Globalization was oversold. Politicians and some economists wrongly argued for trade agreements on the basis of job creation. The gains to GDP or growth were overestimated, and the costs, including adverse distributional effects, were underestimated. There have been important political consequences of this overselling, including the undermining of confidence in the elites that advocated globalization. The failures of globalization and the misguided backlash against it contain many lessons: about the importance of science and learning in society, the importance of the shared acceptance of facts, the dangerous consequences of deliberately misinforming the public, and the folly of ignoring the distributional consequences of economic forces just because they may lead to growth. The new protectionism advocated by the administration of Donald Trump will only worsen the plight of those already hurt by globalization. What is needed is a comprehensive system of social protection. After cataloguing the failures of globalization and explaining how they led to our current political mire, this paper outlines a set of policies that could put the economy and our politics back on a better path.

Preliminary material /P. Beyer and Beaman -- Introduction /Peter Beyer and Lori Beaman -- Global millennialism: A postmortem on secularization /Roland Robertson -- The cultural and religious character of world society /George M. Thomas -- Sacred place and sacred power: Conceptual boundaries and the marginalization of religious practices /Meredith Mcguire -- Globalization, migration and the two types of religious boundary: A european perspective /Margit Warburg -- Rethinking secularization: A global comparative perspective /José Casanova -- Religion as identity and contestation /John H. Simpson -- Globalization, religion and empire in Asia /Bryan S. Turner -- Globalization and the institutional modeling of religions /Peter Beyer -- Religious resurgence, conflict and the transformation of boundaries /Gary D. Bouma -- Religious organizations /John Boli and David V. Brewington -- 'Religion' in global culture: New directions in an increasingly self-conscious world /James V. Spickard -- Globalization and new religious movements /Elisabeth Arweck -- Religion and phases of globalization /George Van Pelt Campbell -- Religion and ecology in the context of globalization /Laurel Kearns -- Religious opposition to globalization /William A. Stahl -- Religion and exclusion/marginalization: Globalized pentecostalism among hispanics in Newark, N.J /Otto Maduro -- Religion and global flows /Michael Wilkinson -- Religion And The state: The letter of the law and the negotiation of boundaries /Lori Beaman -- Religion, law, and human rights /James T. Richardson -- Religious pluralism in a local and global perspective: images of the prophet Mohammed seen in a danish and a global context /Ole Riis -- Globalization and religion: The cases of Japan and Korea /Nobutaka Inoue -- The global migration of Sufi Islam to South Asia and beyond /Rubina Ramji -- Hinduism, gurus, and globalization /Shandip Saha -- Globalization and the conflict of values in middle eastern societies /Enzo Pace -- Sub-Saharan Africa /Afe Adogame -- Religions in contemporary Europe in the context of globalization /Vasilios Makrides -- Latin America: The \'other christendom\', pluralism and globalization /Paul Freston -- Index /P. Beyer and Beaman.

Globalization entails the increasing volume, velocity and importance of flows within and across borders of people, ideas, goods, money, and much else, thus challenging one of sovereignty's basic principles: the ability to control what crosses borders in either direction. Sovereign States increasingly measure their vulnerability not to one another, but to forces beyond their control. Necessity may also lead to reducing or even eliminating sovereignty when a government, whether from a lack of capacity or conscious policy, is unable to provide for the basic needs of its citizens. This reflects a view that state failure and genocide can lead to destabilizing refugee flows and create openings for terrorists to take root. Globalization is frequently discussed as a counterpoint to national sovereignty. It is commonly asserted that globalization has eroded national sovereignty or that it has rendered borders obsolete. In particular, it is asserted that, in a globalized world economy, governments have no alternative but to adopt neoliberal economic policies of privatization, deregulation and reductions in public expenditure. However, in the contest between social democracy and neoliberal globalization, the nation—state per se is only marginally relevant. The crucial issue is whether policy will respond to the wishes of a democratic electorate, or be tightly constrained by the 'Golden Straightjacket' of international financial markets.