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ABSTRACTReligious organizations have always played a major role in the formulations of public policy. In the case of plant closings and mass unemployment, religious organizations have always assumed a leadership role in comforting and caring for workers and families under distress from job loss. Recently, religious organizations have broken from this traditional role to become advocates and actors in the politics of plant closings, economic development, and worker ownership. In this article, the efforts of religious organizations spawned by the closing of Youngstown Sheet and Tube are examined.

THIS PAPER PRESENTS A TYPOLOGY OF FOUR GROUPS OF AMERICANS WHO HAVE EACH MADE A DIFFERENT, BUT LIFE-SUPPORTING RESPONSE TO SOME OF THE PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH MODERN, MASS AMERICAN CULTURE. INTEVIEWS WITH LEFT LIBERALS, LEFT REDICALS, HIPPIES, AND PEOPLE IN THE HUMAN POTENTIAL MOVEMENT EXPLORE CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES, FAMILY INTERACTIONS, SIGNIFICANT TURNING POINTS, VALUES, POLITICS, AND SELF-IMAGES. THE FINDINGS ILLUMINATE THE PHENOMENA OF POLITICAL ENGAGEMENT AND POLITICAL WITHDRAWAL, AND POINT TO FACTORS THAT MAY ENHANCE THE DEVELOPMENT OF LIFE-SUSTAINING HUMAN TRAITS.

GEOGRAPHY AND POLITICS ARE INTERTWINED IN A STUDY IN A SINGLE SMALL CARIBBEAN SETTLEMENT. COULIBISTRIE. ON THE WINDWARD ISLAND OF DOMINICA. THE SENSE OF THE PLACE IS PROVIDED THROUGH A SYMPATHETIC DESCRIPTION OF ITS RHYTHMS. ITS PEOPLE. THEIR REACTIONS TO THEIR POVERTY AND THEIR SURVIVAL STRATEGIES. POLITICAL MOVEMENTS FROM DREADISM TO SOCIALISM ARE DISCUSSED IN THIS SPECIFIC CONTEXT, AND THE POSITION OF WOMEN AND CHILDREN ANALYSED. POLITICAL STRATEGIES ARE EVALUATED AND THE CONCLUSION PROPOSES A PRO-CHILDREN DIALECTICAL EXPERIMENT OF ALLYING MARXISM WITH THE CATHOLIC CHURCH.

This paper is a critical analysis of the concept of the State under capitalism. In part I existing Marxist theories of the state are criticised for their functionalism in separating different instances such as economics and politics. In part II an alternative view of the State as constituting the wage relation is suggested. The wage relation is seen not as an exchange relation between equivalents but as a relation of submission. That is, the possibility of exchange is explained by state control as the mode of socialisation.

The question of the Israeli settlement in the occupied territories has become a focal point for the political system, an issue of 'high politics' affecting values and symbols important to Israeli society as a whole. Indeed, the settlement issue may be described as having a significant bearing both on the domestic scene and on Israel's posture In the international arena. Domestically, it has been a subject of acute controversy and intense power straggles. Externally, the. settlements have aroused widespread international opposition and criticism.

The international transfer of technology is an important problem as much in practical politics as for political analysis. First because it is in the very midst of the North-South dialogue; then, because of its impact on the economic process of capital centralization at the international level. Within the European Communities, the Keynesian model is in crisis. Changes incorporated until now have not broken the vicious cycle of stagflation. Many researchers are asking for a real change. Different paths may be followed and many factors are involved.

A number of proposals for improvement of public policy-making call for the development of a professional group which blends technological skills, humanistic goals, and a sense for practical politics. This article suggests that several very different professional roles may be appropriate to different public policy areas. These differing roles suggest varying degrees of professional power over policy-making, different professional ethical standards, and lead to questions of the feasibility of developing a single profession to encompass all of policy analysis.

THE British General Election OF 1979. By David Butler and Dennis Kavanagh.THE Bili, ION Pounds: Whitehall'S Takeover THE Town Halls. By Tyrrel Buyrcess AND Tony TraversPaying BY Degrees. By Michael A. Crew and Alistair Young.Specialist Committees IN THE House OF Commons—Have They Failed? By John P. Mackintosh.Democracy IN Plural Societies. By Arend Liji Hart.THE Politics AND Economics OF THE Transition Period. By Nikolai Bukharin. Edited by Kenneth J. Tarbuck.A Documentary Study OF Hendrik DE MAN, Socialist Critic OF Marxism. Edited by Peter Dodge.

The relationship between law and politics is both close and ambiguous. Ideally, the law provides impartial justice, but at the same time it expresses—both actually and symbolically—the will of the state. Consequently, a legal system usually embodies the establishment idea of proper social order, and should provide a legitimate means of enforcing compliance to that idea. It follows then that different societies have different kinds of law: underlying principles, procedure, and the institutional framework vary considerably from place to place.

Legally mandated citizen participation processes constitute a significant new element of urban politics. However, few attempts have been made to determine whether such partici pation is representative of the needs and demands of the public. A method for assessing the "representativeness" of alternative methods of public representation is demonstrated. Findings suggest that neither the citizen participants in mandated processes nor the tradi tionally recruited political elite consistently reflect the average view of the public, and neither is consistently closer to the public in its preferences.

While China's response to Western imperialism during the closing years of the Ch'ing dynasty has been the subject of thoughtful and imaginative research, the history of China's frontiers during that period, by contrast, has received relatively little attention. This article attempts to survey briefly the impact which the transformation of Chinese politics, economics and society had on the frontier, Outer Mongolia in particular, and to examine the changes wrought by foreign imperialism and Chinese nationalism on the frontier policies of the Ch'ing government.

ABSTRACTOne factor that has affected state and local politics since the 1960's is the growth of public sector unionism. Conventional wisdom assumes that the "fist generation" of public unionism has been a major cause of the fiscal problems faced by many state and local governments in the 1970's. State level cross‐sectional analysis (1960–71) questions this widely held assumption with respect to the impact of strike activity and collective bargaining legislation on the tax burden across the states.

This essay is a disquisition into the new policy advanded by the Chinese leadership around Hua Guafeng and Deng Xiaping. Attention is focused on "superstructural" phenomena. The main thesis put forward: In present day China we witness the primacy of politics yielding to that of productivity. All forces are directed towards the ambitious programme of the "Four Modernizations"; ideological pledges are being abandoned. Drawing on an ample source material, the author demonstrates how this political reversal is affecting the "superstructural" sphere. (International Political Science Association)

Throughout the world, the Catholic Church has been in ferment since the Second Vatican Council. In Latin America, traditionally a Catholic region, the application of the council's ideas has stimulated dramatic changes in the outlook and practices of Church groups. These changes are particularly visible in the development of a new language for describing and evaluating temporal action ("the world"), and in the emergence of novel perspectives on the Church's proper relation to "the world." What is the import of such changes for the student of politics?

History may regard the summer of 1976 as a watershed of sorts in the evolution of Southeast Asia's place in world politics. Following the official reunification of the two Vietnams, there occurred in rapid succession the removal of the last American combat troops from the Southeast Asian mainland and the first positive stirrings by Vietnamese officials in response to ASEAN overtures for a normalization of relations. Although it is too early to determine the ultimate consequences of these events, their combined symbolic significance is unmistakable.