Suchergebnisse

Reflections are offered on present & future aging trends in US society, & an attempt is made to dispel the popular myth that elders are mostly forgetful, sick, or of limited ability. From a futurist perspective, trends in aging are examined in relation to society, technology, the environment, the economy, & politics. Four future scenarios are outlined from the viewpoint of the generations of elders that will exist in four selected time periods -- toward 1999, 2001+, 2020, & 2040 -- & an exercise designed to encourage future-oriented thinking among elders is offered. Adapted from the source document.

Explored is why opposition to the Gulf war was strongest at the local level, especially in the San Francisco Bay Area & Santa Cruz (Calif). Focus is on whether the structure, or culture, of the peace movement enables it to flourish locally but prevents it from becoming a compelling force in national politics. Also considered is the relationship that emerged between the peace movement & other new social movements, which include such nationally prominant groups as ACT UP, RAW, & DAGGER, as well as local & campus-wide groups. 8 References. M. Maguire

In the last decade a variety of local studies and more comprehensive works have shed light on basic-level Chinese politics and society, but Andrew Walder's bookCommunist Neo-Traditionalismhas been the boldest and most influential in proposing a new paradigm for understanding the human realities of life and power in China. Although the empirical base of his study is the state industrial workplace in China, Walder claims that it is applicable to industrial relation in other communist countries, and his theory fits closely with Jean Oi's analysis of clientelism in rural areas.

THIS ARTICLE CONTENDS THAT FILM AND OTHER FORMS OF POPULAR CULTURE PLACE ENORMOUSLY SENSITIVE RESOURCES FOR PRACTICAL REASONING AT THE DISPOSAL OF STUDENTS OF POLITICS AND SOCIETY. THIS ARTICLE ANALYZES AN INCREASINGLY COMPLEX, PHILOSOPHICALLY DISTURBING, AND IDEOLOGICALLY AMBIVALENT CINEMATIC GENRE OF THE PAST TWO DECADES, FILMS CONCERNED WITH THE AMERICAN WAR IN VIETNAM. IT CONCLUDES THAT FILMS MAY NOT EXIST PRIMARILY TO HELP TEACH US SUCH PAINFUL LESSONS; THAT SOCIAL SCIENCE AND POLITICAL THEORY CAN SHOW US THAT THEY MIGHT IS ONE OF THIS ARTICLE'S ANIMATING HOPES.

THIS ARTICLE CONSIDERS THE GULF WAR AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR INTERNATIONAL POLITICS, THE POLICIES OF THE UNITED STATES, AND THOSE OF THE SOVIET UNION. ISSUES EXAMINED INCLUDE: THE "MIRAGE OF IRAQI STRENGTH"; THE FACT THAT IRAQ'S PRE-AUGUST 1990 ATROCITIES WERE VIRTUALLY IGNORED; THE NATURE OF THE "PROPAGANDA WAR"; THE APPARENT U.S. NEED TO EXORCIZE THE "VIETNAM SYNDROME"; MOSCOW AND THE GULF WAR; THE ROLE OF THE SOVIET "NEW THINKING" IN THE CRISIS; MOSCOW'S REALPOLITIK; LONG-TERM SOVIET SECURITY CONCERNS; AND THE SOVIET UNION AND A NEW WORLD ORDER.

INTERNATIONAL POLITICS HAS BEEN DRAMATICALLY RECAST BY RECENT CHANGES IN THE COMMUNIST WORLD. THIS HAS RAISED QUESTIONS OF HOW BEST TO UNDERSTAND THE PLACE OF THE U.S. IN THE WORLD ORDER. ONE SCHOOL OF THOUGHT, WHICH IS THE FOCUS OF THIS ARTICLE, STRESSES THE LOSS OF AMERICAN HEGEMONY--THE DECLINE OF THE U.S. IN WORLD AFFAIRS. THE AUTHOR EXPLORES SEVERAL RECENT WORKS DEALING WITH THE "DECLINE" THESIS AND CONCLUDES THAT IT IS THE PRACTICE OF AMERICAN FOREIGN POLICY, NOT ITS RESOURCE BASE, WHICH IS BEING FORCED TO CHANGE.

Nigeria is moving back to civilian rule. The five years of transition to the Third Republic under military President Ibrahim Babangida have been marked by daring policy experimentation and intense political controversy, as the regime has implemented simultaneously one of the most far-reaching programmes to restructure the economy in Africa and one of the most elaborate transitions to democracy in history. The author takes a critical look at the economic and political problems of the country, resurrection of politics and the prospects for the Third Republic. (DÜI-Sen)

The author believes that the recent literary scene in Taiwan has been so dazzlingly varied that any attempt to sum it up succeeds only in seizing certain aspects at the expense of others. The article examines the significant changes in the island's literary scene in the 1980s. Its purpose is to show how the cultural/literary scope widened in Taiwan during the 1980s, especially in the post-martial law era, and how this has provoked arguments on the politics of representation, and the treatment of literary products as consumer goods. (DÜI-Sen)

Though elections have now occurred in all formerly communist East European states, with diverse results, all the new systems have the common pattern of rejecting the political Left. Leftist politics, most often liberalism or social democracy, may still exist in Eastern & East-Central Europe, but such movements avoid labeling themselves as Leftist, are not successful in winning elections, & have powerful enemies, in particular, the increasing trend toward nationalism fueled by aggressive xenophobia. The harsh communist rule of old may be replaced by new dictatorships of the Right. D. Generoli

Explores the theme of the 'modern campaign'--the electoral focus on polling, targeted appeals, and the professional, managed use of the media--as the strategic response by parties to the exigencies of electioneering in an era of increasingly fluid, weakly partisan electorates. Given Labour's unparalled policy-reversals since 1984, which rocked a political system noted for its stable, loyal partisan politics, argues the 1987 campaign constitutes a threshold election in which Labour's executive consciously embraced the modern campaign to deflect reactions to its unorthodox policies. (Abstract amended)

NO DOUBT 1990 WAS A WATERSHIP YEAR FOR TURKISH POLITICS. THIS ARTICLE EXPLORES THE SHIFT IN ANKARA'S MIDDLE EAST POLICIES AFTER CONTROL OVER TURKEY'S FOREIGN AND DOMESTIC POLICIES CHANGED HANDS. USING THE FULL POWERS GIVEN TO HIM IN THE CONSTITUTION AND HAVING THE MAJORITY SUPPORT OF THE MOTHERLAND PARTY IN PARLIAMENT, PRESIDENT OZAL USED THE PERSIAN GULF CRISIS AS A WAY TO BRING THE WHOLE STATE STRUCTURE UNDER HIS DIRECT POLITICAL CONTROL. THE PAPER CONCLUDES THAT THIS TREND WILL CONTINUE TURKEY'S NASCENT DEMOCRACY TOWARD AN INSTITUTIONALIZED, STRONG PRESIDENTIAL FORM OF GOVERNMENT.

The author describes the current types and availability of child care, its funding patterns, politics, and the major organizations associated with day care in the United States. Social workers and other professionals who wish to become more effectively involved with child care need to be knowledgeable about these issues. The child-care problem in the United States is pervasive and complex; the profession needs to keep up with day care's fast-changing dynamics if it is going to make a significant impact on child care in the 1990s.

The Sino-Japanese relationship is among the central factors in East Asian international politics, but it remains a derivative rather than primary strategic pattern. Leaders in Beijing, long preoccupied by the Soviet-American military competition in East Asia and the more immediate Soviet challenge to China's security, have only begun to assess the potential effects of Japanese power on Chinese political and security interests. Japan's predominant concern has been the maintenance of its political and security alignment with the United States, reinforced by decades of Soviet rigidity toward Tokyo.

This article deals with the pregame phase of a three-person chicken game in which each player obtains joint gains so long as at least two of the three cooperate. Players have repeated opportunities to commit themselves to noncooperation in the pregame. As observations of others' pregame behavior are made, players may come to perceive their best strategy as commitments, even if they did not initially do so. It is shown that relatively few pregames end with joint gains foregone. Applications to international and domestic politics are suggested.

AbstractThe World Bank's urban development project in Monrovia, Liberia attempted, between 1979 and 1987, to promote decentralization, enabling the municipality to pay for services and infrastructure provided under this project. Because of cultural barriers and a blueprint approach, the project resulted in charity rather than institutional reform. However, effective approaches and procedures require more attention to the underlying causes of existing problems. In as much as politics, even more than culture, affects decentralization, the World Bank needs to be more open with its borrowers about political requirements.