Suchergebnisse

In this paper I address an important aspect of the link between the larger process of globalization and work. I focus on how globalization has affected the lives of Guatemalan women of different class backgrounds and ethnicities in Guatemala and in Los Angeles, through an examination of the link between paid work and household work. Data for this article come from eighty-six in-depth interviews with indigenous and ladina women and from ethnographic field work I conducted in Los Angeles and in two regions of Guatemala. There are certain aspects of earning an income among the women in this study that emerge in both contexts, perhaps due to the demands of contemporary capitalism on workers around the world. My observations indicate that whereas the experiences of women and femininities are played out in the context of global economic relations, they are experienced differently in diverse sites and within the same context by individuals of different class and ethnic backgrounds. Thus, experiences of globalization through work are very much localized; they are historically and culturally situated and interact with broader processes in dissimilar fashion.

During a roundtable discussion at the 2022 GENMAC Conference, a group of researchers specializing in religiosity and spiritual consumption, using examples from their own fieldwork, reflected on how (i) researchers' subject positioning—including their gender and sexuality—shape fieldwork in multifaceted manners; (ii) investigations of religious/spiritual fields would benefit from a heightened sensitivity to issues of gender and sexuality; and (iii) greater sensitivity to aspects of religion and/or spirituality can help gender and sexuality scholars better understand consumers and markets. Based on the above, in this commentary paper, we call for intersectional reflexivity, attention to vulnerability and discomfort during fieldwork, and critical sensitivity to the religious "context of context" during theorization. Furthermore, we argue that specific spiritual/religious imaginaries can foster new research approaches that can contribute to more nuanced fieldwork and theorization in marketing and consumer research.

Abstract
In the 3 years between the 2019 and 2022 International Studies Association (ISA) meetings, the profound state of global economic, social, and political upheaval around the world has become unavoidably evident for much, if not most, of the world. Against the backdrop of the COVID-19 pandemic, movements for inclusion and resulting backlashes sprang up across the globe. As scholars of international affairs, the members of the ISA seek to understand and contextualize world events. However, our members and the organization itself are not passive observers of history. These struggles directly influence the personal experiences of many of our members, within and beyond our profession. For these reasons, ISA leadership felt that it was important to mark the 2022 meeting with a Sapphire Series panel to discuss ``International Studies and Struggles for Inclusion.'' The panel brought together ISA members from various sections and backgrounds to offer diverse perspectives on a host of topics: How does the field of international studies understand these developments? How do struggles for inclusion affect our members and community of social scientists? And perhaps most importantly, what should the ISA be doing about them, in terms of both scholarship and organizational decisions?

Abstract
Replying to Samuel Knafo and Benno Teschke, this article shows how Political Marxism offers powerful conceptual tools to understand modes of production that structure historical processes as fundamentally constituted by exploitative social and political relations. I explain how structure, or rules of reproduction, should be understood as alienated social relations, which are inherent to all class societies. Understanding structure this way leaves ample space for – and makes inevitable – the consideration of agency.

In this article I explore the connection between historically based emotional issues and economic interests in China-Japan relations by analyzing the linkage between China's renunciation of war reparations and Japan's official development assistance (ODA) to China. I argue that there is no legal linkage between the two, and previous scholarship about the linkage between the ODA and reparations involves emotional arguments or entanglements surrounding "assistance" and "history." I conclude that, in explaining China-Japan relations, there exists a "dual gratitude theory," related to history and assistance, as well as a "dual obligation and enmity theory." In the first decade of the twenty-first century, the chain reaction of mutual recrimination between the two countries became increasingly unmanageable, apparently continuing to the present day. (Asian Perspect/GIGA)

International growth of SMEs : past, present, and the future / Niina Nummela, Sami Saarenketo -- Entrepreneurs' human and relational capital as predictors of early internationalization : evidence from Latin America and south-East Asia / Juan Federico, Hugo Kantis, Alex Rialp, Josep Rialp -- The board's influence on the internationalization process in SMEs / Johanna Nisuls, Anette S'derqvist, Soren Kock -- International growth orientation of SME managers and entrepreneurs : a three-year follow-up study / Arto Kuuluvainen, Eriikka Paavilainen-Mcntymki -- The dark side of international growth / Jarna Heinonen, Ulla Hytti -- Growth and internationalization of French and Danish SMEs / Frederic Nlemvo, Mathieu Cabrol, Erik Rasmussen, Per Servais, Arild Aspelund -- International growth strategies in different marketing contexts / Svante Andersson -- Analyzing the moves of international entrepreneurial organizations : the entry of SMEs to complex markets / Antonella Zucchella -- The binary choice facing SME internationalization / Colin Campbell-Hunt, Sylvie Chetty -- Technology-based new ventures and critical incidents in growth / Jani Lindqvist, Olli Kuivalainen, Sami Saarenketo -- Towards a typology of rapidly internationalizing SMEs / Jim Bell, Sharon Loane, Rod B. McNaughton, Per Servais -- Sampling frames for cross-national survey research in international entrepreneurship / Scott Paul Johnston, Marian V. Jones, Anna Morgan-Thomas, George I. Vlachos.

Liberté de religion crucifiée? Laïcité et écoles italiennes devant la Cour européenne des droits de l'homme Cet article explore la question de l'exposition obligatoire du crucifix dans l'école publique italienne, une matière qui est réglée par des dispositions datant des années 1920. La jurisprudence italienne sur cette question est contradictoire et à plusieurs reprises la Cour constitutionnelle a refusé de prendre position sur le sujet. La décision de la Cour européenne des droits de l'homme dans l'affaire Lautsi a mis fin a une odyssée judiciaire de quelque neuf ans sur la présence des crucifix dans les écoles italiennes. Selon la Cour, toute décision à ce sujet appartient à chaque État européen. Ce faisant la Cour a renoncé à jouer un rôle universaliste en faveur des systèmes constitutionnels nationaux. Cependant, plusieurs questions restent ouvertes pour l'Italie: notamment la place des signes religieux dans les espaces publics, leur relation avec les notions d'une société démocratique, pluraliste et laïque et les limites aux libertés de religion et de la religion tant à niveau individuel que collectif.