Міжнародна нормативно-правова регламентація припинення збройного конфлікту в Україні ; International normative-legal regulation of termination of armed conflict in Ukraine
Розглянуто не вивчену проблему дії міжнародного права в частині порушення суверенітету та територіальної цілісності України, через воєнну агресію Російської Федерації. Доведено, що такі протиправні дії необхідно розглядати в межах міжнародного воєнного (гуманітарного) права. Встановлено необхідність залучення міжнародних організацій для вирішення цього збройного конфлікту, за умови їх міжнародної правосуб'єктності. Визначено недосконалість правових механізмів, міжнародного впливу щодо покарання Російської Федерації за порушення основоположних норм, принципів міжнародного права, встановленого міжнародного правопорядку. ; Problem setting. The military aggression of the RF against Ukraine violates the norms and principles of international law. The General Assembly of the United Nations in the 1970 Declaration of Principles of International Law 2625 (XXV) points to the prohibition of violence, the peaceful settlement of disputes, the prohibition of intervention, and the obligation of states to comply with international legal obligations, in accordance with the UN Charter.Recent research and publications analysis. Armed attack, annexation and intervention of the Russian Federation against Ukraine were the subject of investigation of O. Zadorozhny in monographs: "Violation of the basic principles of international law by the aggressive war of the Russian Federation against Ukraine", "Crimean annexation as an international crime", and two Russian-language publications: "Russian doctrine of the international rights after the annexation of the Crimea", "Justify at all costs. The aggressive war of the Russian Federation against Ukraine and the transformation of Russia's vision of international law", which were published in the period from 2015 to 2016. Within the framework of legal qualifications, the military aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine is investigated by M. Kononenko, an international lawyer in the article "Five years of occupation of the Crimea: in search of a policy of non-recognition".O. Tsebenko, in his statement, "The UN International Court: Ukraine's Action Against the Russian Federation", notes that one of the international mechanisms for ending the war is the appeal to the UN International Court of Justice.Highlighting previously unsettled parts of the general problem. The purpose of this article is the legal substantiation of recognition of the facts of aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine and the disclosure of the mechanisms provided by international law for the termination of unlawful actions, military aggression, annexation, occupation of part of the territory of Ukraine by the Russian Federation.Legal conflicts arise as to the feasibility of holding the Minsk meetings, as the negotiators, except the aggressor country of the Russian Federation, have no international commitments, bilateral agreements, as to preserving the territorial integrity of Ukraine.Of particular note is the non-fulfillment by the Russian Federation of the obligations of the international treaty "Budapest Memorandum on Security Guarantees in connection with the accession of Ukraine to the 1994 Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons". Paper main body. The United Nations, (UN Charter, Art. 1, Art. 2) is the central institution that ordinates the United Nations in support of peace and international security under the UN Charter. In accordance with Article 1 of the UN Charter, this international organization aims to maintain world peace, international security, take effective collective measures to prevent the threat to peace, prevent aggression (acts of aggression) and settle international disputes on the basis of international law. Membership in the United Nations is stipulated in Article 3 and Article 4 of the UN Charter.Violations by the Russian Federation of the principles of territorial integrity and inviolability of the borders of Ukraine have been confirmed by the international community in the acts of the existing institutions, whose activity and competence is related to these issues.Conclusions of the research and prospects for further studies. Prolonged military actions on the territory of Ukraine, parts of the Luhansk and Donetsk oblasts require a consistent, legally executed internal and external security policy and decisive action to restore the territorial integrity of Ukraine in accordance with international law. The legal qualification of an armed conflict in part of the territory of Luhansk and Donetsk oblasts should be established in accordance with the norms of international law. Accordingly, the Ukrainian side must prepare materials for consideration by the International Criminal Court.