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"World War Aid offers a novel perspective on the unprecedented aid in the Ukrainian conflict, destined to leave an international "echo" reaching far beyond the individual historical case and the aid sector alone. This book clarifies the evolving scenario of a conflict that, before tanks, had long been fought on the territory of aid. The author makes arguments about aid which can be traced back to three sets of issues: 1. Ukraine's history from its independence in 1991 until the war in 2022, that witnessed the evolution of inter-state aid sent to Kyiv. This period anticipated the geo-political dispute over the country's future, and was marked by confrontation between Donors who would later become the protagonists of the war scenario. 2. The exceptionality of the Ukrainian case is discussed by specifically identifying eight peculiarities of wartime aid: the response speed of Western Bilateral Donors; the leading role and primacy of the latter over the non-governmental sector; the key influence exercised by the Ukrainian recipient; the quantity and diversification of aid involved; Russia's conversion of aid into hybrid weapons (Weaponization of Aid); the West's provision of weapons as primary aid (Aidization of Weapons); the excessive anticipation of post-war planning initiatives; and sanctions modeled to represent a new form of aid. 3. Based on these peculiarities, a new model of Interventionist Aid is defined, characterized by a willingness to take an active part in the crisis in which the Donors operate, in order to condition its course and outcome. By preferring tactical purposes to humanitarian ones, and prioritizing military and financial interventions, Interventionist Aid represents an absolute conceptual, political and historical novelty in inter-state aid. At the domestic level, future World Order based on Interventionist Aid highlights the risk of a growing political delegitimization connected with negative narratives of Post-Democracy Aid. Meanwhile - at the international level - a World War Aid is forecasted: a global scenario of belligerent actions fought on a broad spectrum, with aid being used by Donor states to fuel real proxy military confrontations. A highly original take on a key event of the 21st century, World War Aid is an invaluable text for political scientists, analysts and historians of international relations, as well as diplomats and practitioners of foreign policy and foreign aid"--

A summary of PO survey data about acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) collected between 1983 & the end of 1986. Focus is on trends in six areas: awareness of the disease; concern about it as a serious medical problem in general & for one's own health; perceptions about the likelihood of its spread; beliefs about methods of transmission; attitudes toward measures for protecting the public; & reported changes in one's own behavior to avoid exposure. Twenty-two surveys are drawn on, most of them nationwide, obtained from published & unpublished sources. 1 Appendix, 5 References. AA