Suchergebnisse

The distinctive features of human progress in the nineteenth century were the advancement of natural science, discovery and invention, the growth of human freedom and political liberty, the unifying and nationalization of races into independent states and the development of the principle and the extension of the practice of international arbitration.

Italy-United States Air Transport Arbitration. Advisory Opinion of TribunalAfter a dispute had arisen between the United States and Italy as to the rights of American air lines to operate all-cargo services to Italy, the question was submitted to the arbitral tribunal: "Does the Air Transport Agreement between the United States and Italy of February 6, 1948, as amended, grant the right to a designated airline of either party to operate scheduled flights carrying cargo only?"

Full-text available at SSRN. See link in this record. ; The article reexamines the most common academic criticisms of "mandatory" arbitration of consumer disputes. First, it presents the results of an empirical study of "unfair" arbitration clauses, based on a sample of dispute resolution clauses in franchise agreements. The study finds that while some provisions identified by arbitration critics as unfair are common in the sample, others (such as clauses providing for biased arbitrators) are very rare. Second, it describes plausible circumstances under which both parties to pre-dispute arbitration clauses -- even clauses containing "unfair" provisions -- will be made better off by arbitration. Third, it argues that business reputation and arbitration institutions may constrain corporate opportunism in the use of pre-dispute arbitration agreements. Accordingly, increased government regulation of arbitration may be unnecessary, or at least more limited than some have proposed.