Suchergebnisse

In dieser Arbeit wird ein für Deutschland repräsentativer Datensatz einer Querschnittsbefragung der deutschsprachigen Wohnbevölkerung von 2016 im Hinblick auf mögliche Zusammenhänge des kopfschmerzbedingten Beeinträchtigungsausmaßes bei primären Kopfschmerzen generell und Migräne speziell mit dem BMI und regelmäßiger körperlicher Aktivität mithilfe ordinaler logistischer Regressionsanalysen ausgewertet. Die inhaltliche Einordnung der zugrundeliegenden Theorien orientiert sich am biopsychosozialen Krankheitsmodell.

In dieser Arbeit wird ein für Deutschland repräsentativer Datensatz einer Querschnittsbefragung der deutschsprachigen Wohnbevölkerung von 2016 im Hinblick auf mögliche Zusammenhänge des kopfschmerzbedingten Beeinträchtigungsausmaßes bei primären Kopfschmerzen generell und Migräne speziell mit dem BMI und regelmäßiger körperlicher Aktivität mithilfe ordinaler logistischer Regressionsanalysen ausgewertet. Die inhaltliche Einordnung der zugrundeliegenden Theorien orientiert sich am biopsychosozialen Krankheitsmodell.

AbstractDental caries and obesity‐associated chronic diseases are an additional burden to people with intellectual disabilities and one which can be reduced. To determine the association between dental caries and body mass index (BMI) among Special Olympics (SO) athletes. At the National SO Games (2014), three volunteer dentists screened consenting SO athletes (n = 116; 15–57 years old) and recorded decayed (D), missing (M), filled (F) teeth and caries experience (DMFT > 0). Volunteer‐accredited sports dietitians measured BMI as underweight (<18.5), normal (18.5–24.9), overweight (25.0–29.9), and obese (≥30) or used World Health Organization (WHO) classification of BMI‐for‐age for those under 19 years of age. The prevalence of decayed teeth was 16% and the mean DMFT was 4.0. About 40% of SO athletes had one or more missing and filled teeth. A third of the SO athletes had normal weight (33%), and the rest were overweight (40%) or obese (27%). Missing teeth and caries experience were significantly associated with higher BMI (χ2, p < .05). A more efficient common risk factor approach that simultaneously targets both dental caries and obesity should be adopted to improve the oral health and general health of SO athletes and the larger, more vulnerable population of people with intellectual disability.

AbstractThis research studied the preferences reported by women and men about their Ideal Body Image for the Opposite Sex (IBIOS), and its association with body mass index (BMI). It also analysed the preferences of each sex for a woman's ideal body image (W-IBI) and a man's ideal body image (M-IBI). A total of 450 participants aged 18–70 years with different weights were studied. Their IBIOS was assessed using standard figural stimuli. The sample was divided in four groups by sex and age (<45 years; ≥45 years). Sex and age differences in IBIOS, as well as sex differences in the preferences for a woman's ideal body image (W-IBI) and a man's ideal body image (M-IBI), were tested using a non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test. The association between IBIOS and BMI was analysed using Spearman's correlation. In all groups, the most chosen silhouette as IBIOS was number 4. In the under-45 years group, women chose bigger silhouettes for the opposite sex than men did (p<0.05). In this age group women chose as ideal smaller silhouettes for the female body than men did (p<0.01). In addition, women and men in the younger age group and with normal weight chose smaller silhouettes, while those who were overweight or obese selected larger silhouettes (p<0.001). Age was found to be a relevant factor in IBIOS preferences, and in the association between IBIOS and nutritional status as measured by BMI, which was only observed to be significant in the younger age group.

SummaryThe aim of the study was to reveal the ethnic and socioeconomic factors associated with height and body mass index (BMI) of children during the period of political and social transition in Lithuania in 1990–2008. Data were derived from the personal health records of 1491 children (762 boys and 729 girls) born in 1990 in Vilnius city and region. Height and BMI from birth up to the age of 18 years were investigated. Children were divided into groups according to their ethnicity, place of residence, father's and mother's occupation and birth order. Height and BMI were compared between the groups; a Bonferroni correction was applied. A multiple linear regression model was used to measure the effects of the independent variables on height and BMI. Girls living in Vilnius city were significantly taller in later life at the ages of 8 and 11 years. Sons of mothers employed as office workers appeared to be significantly taller at the ages of 7, 12, 14 and 15 years compared with the sons of labourers. First-born girls were taller at the age of 7 years than later-born girls of the same age (124.48±5.11 cm and 122.92±5.14 cm, respectively,p<0.001). Later-born children of both sexes had higher BMIs at birth compared with first-borns; however, first-born girls had higher BMIs at the age of 11 years compared with their later-born peers (17.78±2.87 kg/m² and 16.79±2.14 kg/m² respectively,p<0.001). In the multiple linear regression model, the five tested independent variables explained only up to 18% of total variability. Boys were more sensitive to ethnic and socioeconomic factors: ethnicity appeared to be a significant predictor of boys' height at the age of 5 years (p<0.001), while birth order (p<0.001) predicted boys' BMI at birth. In general, ethnicity, place of residence, father's and mother's occupation and birth order were not associated with children's height and BMI in most age groups.

AbstractWe aimed to study the eating behavioral traits that associate with body mass index (BMI) among BMI-discordant twin pairs. This cross-sectional study examined self-reported eating behaviors in 134 healthy young adult twin pairs (57 monozygotic [MZ] and 77 same-sex dizygotic [DZ]), of whom 29 MZ and 46 DZ pairs were BMI discordant (BMI difference ≥ 3 kg/m2). In both MZ and DZ BMI-discordant pairs, the heavier co-twins reported being less capable of regulating their food intake optimally than their leaner co-twins, mainly due to 'frequent overeating'. Furthermore, the heavier co-twins reported augmented 'disinhibited eating', 'binge-eating scores' and 'body dissatisfaction'. The twins agreed more frequently that the heavier co-twins (rather than the leaner co-twins) ate more food in general, and more fatty food, in particular. No significant behavioral differences emerged in BMI-concordant twin pairs. Overeating — measured by 'frequent overeating', 'disinhibited eating' and 'binge-eating score' — was the main behavioral trait associated with higher BMI, independent of genotype and shared environment.

Background:Vasovagal reactions (VVR) are common among blood donors and are known to be inversely associated with donor weight. The relationship between VVR and BMI which adjusts donor weight for height is barely explored. Aim:To study the relationship between VVR and BMI. Method:All whole blood donors in Department of Transfusion medicine, Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram over 1 year were included in the study. Female and repeat donors were excluded. The weight and height of donors were collected from their donor registration forms. Donors who had reaction during donation and during post donation refreshment period including minor subjective feeling of uneasiness were tested for association with BMI. Results:BMI was inversely related with VVR, with 11.31% of donors with BMI30. The mean BMI of donors who had VVR was 22.4 where as donors who did not develop VVR were 22.9. Conclusion: BMI can be a significant predictor of VVR in donors who fulfill the weight criteria for whole blood donation.

AbstractAhigh body mass index (BMI) is commonly used as an index of overweight and obesity. There is persistent evidence of high heritability for variation in BMI, but the effects of common environment appear inconsistent across different European countries. Our objective was to compare genetic and environmental effects on BMI in a sample of twins from two different European countries with distinct population and cultural backgrounds. We analysed data of adult female twins from the Netherlands Twin Register (222 monozygotic [MZ] and 103 dizygotic [DZ] pairs) and the Murcia Twin Register (Spain; 202 MZ and 235 DZ pairs). BMI was based on self-reported weight and height. Dutch women were taller and heavier, but Spanish women had a significantly higher mean BMI. The age related weight increase was significantly stronger in the Spanish sample. Genetic analyses showed that genetic factors are the main contributors to variation in height, weight, and BMI, within both countries. For height and weight, estimates of genetic variances did not differ, but for height, the estimate for the environmental variance was significantly larger in Spanish women. For BMI, both the genetic and the environmental variance components were larger in Spanish than in Dutch women.