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Fluctuations in oil price and its impact on economic development is an important issue facing a growing number of world economies. A simple changes in oil prices lead to negative or positive effects on all the economic sectors. This paper seeks to investigate the impact of oil price volatility on economic sectors in the Libyan economy context on the basis of annual data spanning from 1968-2012. The Johansen based Co-integration technique is applied to examine the sensitivity of economic sectors to volatility in oil prices in the long-run. And the short-run relationship is tested by Vector Error Correction Model. Through examining the results, that there is a long-term relationship of oil prices on the agriculture, construction, manufacturing and transport sectors. Finally, this study concludes that increases in oil price did not significantly affect the manufacturing sector in aggregate terms. Moreover, the negative impact on the sector of manufacturing and agriculture. Thus, this study has a significant impact in the Libyan economy in policy development on oil prices. The Libyan government needs to control the price to make sure that price volatility will not harm the manufacturing, agriculture, construction and transport sectors.

This study aims to (1) Know the economic sector that is the leading sector in the City ofPalangka Raya, (2) Know the regional economic structure in the City of Palangka Raya, (3)Know the pattern of regional economic growth in the City of Palangka Raya, (4) Know theproduct trends pre-eminent in the City of Palangka Raya, (5) Knowing what policy strategies canbe formulated seen from the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats in the leadingeconomic sector for the development of the City of Palangka Raya. The analysis used is theLocation Quote (LQ) analysis, Shift Share analysis, Klassen Typology analysis, Trend analysis,SWOT analysis. The results of this study indicate that (1) The leading economic sectors inPalangka Raya City from 2010 - 2016 are the Electricity and Gas Procurement sector, theGovernment Administration sector, the Obligatory Social Security and Defense, the Provision ofAccommodation and Food and Beverage sectors, the Financial Services and Insurance sectors,Water Supply sector, Waste Management, Waste and Recycling, Corporate Services sector,Information and Communication sector, Wholesale and Retail Trade sector, Car and MotorcycleRepair sector, Real Estate sector, Transportation and Warehousing sector, Health Services andSocial Activities sector, Other services sector, Construction sector, Education Services sector; (2)The regional economic structure in the City of Palangka Raya with the highest value is theGovernment Administration, Defense and Social Security sector which must be first, theWholesale and Retail Trade sector, Car and Motorcycle Repair in second, the Constructionsector in third, the Financial Services and Insurance sector came in fourth, the Transportation andWarehousing sector in fifth; (3) The pattern of regional economic growth in the City of PalangkaRaya in Quadrant I is the Water Supply, Waste Management, Waste and Recycling sector, theConstruction sector, the Wholesale and Retail Trade sector, the Repair of Cars and Motorcycles,the Provision of Accommodation and Food and Beverage sectors, the sector Information andCommunication, Real Estate sector, Corporate Services sector, Education Services sector, HealthServices sector and Social Activities sector and other Services sectors; Quadrant II is theElectricity and Gas Procurement sector, the Transportation and Warehousing sector, theFinancial Services and Insurance sector and the Government Administration, Defense andMandatory Social Security sectors; Quadrant III are; Quadrant IV is the agriculture forestry andfisheries sector, the mining and quarrying and processing industries sectors.

This study aims to determine the shifting economic structure and find out the leading sektors in Soppeng Regency in 2013-2017. The type of research used is quantitative research. The data processed is the data of the Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) of Soppeng Regency and South Sulawesi Province on the basis of constant prices in 2010 in 2013-2017 in all sectors. The data analysis technique used to determine the shift in economic structure and leading sektors in Soppeng District is Location Quotient (LQ) Analysis, Shift Share (SS) Analysis and Klassen Typology analysis. The results of the Location Quotient (LQ) analysis show the agriculture, forestry and fisheries sectors; electricity and gas procurement sectors; construction; trade and repair of cars and motorbikes; providing accommodation and drinking meals; real estate; government administration, defense and social security; education services; and health services and social activities are the leading sectors in Soppeng Regency. The result of Shift Share analysis shows that the sector experiencing a shift is the processing industri sector; trade and repair of cars and motorbikes; providing accommodation and drinking meals; information and communication; financial services; health services and social activities; and other services with PB 0. While the Klassen Typology analysis shows that the advanced and fast-growing sektors are agriculture, forestry and fisheries; and real estate.

This open access book analyses intellectual property codification and innovation governance in the development of six key industries in India and China. These industries are reflective of the innovation and economic development of the two economies, or of vital importance to them: the IT Industry; the film industry; the pharmaceutical industry; plant varieties and food security; the automobile industry; and peer production and the sharing economy. The analysis extends beyond the domain of IP law, and includes economics and policy analysis. The overarching concern that cuts through all chapters is an inquiry into why certain industries have developed in one country and not in the other, including: the role that state innovation policy and/or IP policy played in such development; the nature of the state innovation policy/IP policy; and whether such policy has been causal, facilitating, crippling, co-relational, or simply irrelevant. The book asks what India and China can learn from each other, and whether there is any possibility of synergy. The book provides a real-life understanding of how IP laws interact with innovation and economic development in the six selected economic sectors in China and India. The reader can also draw lessons from the success or failure of these sectors.

The purpose of monetary policy is to affect the economic activity through various channels of monetary transmission. One of the transmission channels Is via Islamic banking through financing to various sector of the economy. The change of monetary instruments certainly affects economic sectors differently Given the dual monetary system (Islamic and conventional) in Indonesia, it is interesting to see how those rates influence each of the economic sectors. This is important for the government in designing future economic programs by determining the specific sectors which must be prioritized. This paper aims to investigate the sensitivity of the economic sectors in response to the change in the Islamic and conventional monetary rate. The paper relies on the unit root test, the co-integration test, and impulse response functions, focusing on the period from May 2006 to February 2011. The data used is from monthly economic sectors for Islamic and conventional systems, Islamic monetary rates, and conventional monetary rates. The results show that Islamic banks play important roles in the monetary transmission process in the Indonesian economy. In particular, specific economic sectors react differently to both Islamic monetary instruments as well as conventional monetary instruments.

Efforts to strengthen health information systems in low- and middle-income countries should include forging links with systems in other social and economic sectors. Governments are seeking comprehensive socioeconomic data on the basis of which to implement strategies for poverty reduction and to monitor achievement of the Millennium Development Goals. The health sector is looking to take action on the social factors that determine health outcomes. But there are duplications and inconsistencies between sectors in the collection, reporting, storage and analysis of socioeconomic data. National offices of statistics give higher priority to collection and analysis of economic than to social statistics. The Report of the Commission for Africa has estimated that an additional US$ 60 million a year is needed to improve systems to collect and analyse statistics in Africa. Some donors recognize that such systems have been weakened by numerous international demands for indicators, and have pledged support for national initiatives to strengthen statistical systems, as well as sectoral information systems such as those in health and education. Many governments are working to coordinate information systems to monitor and evaluate poverty reduction strategies. There is therefore an opportunity for the health sector to collaborate with other sectors to lever international resources to rationalize definition and measurement of indicators common to several sectors; streamline the content, frequency and timing of household surveys; and harmonize national and subnational databases that store socioeconomic data. Without long-term commitment to improve training and build career structures for statisticians and information technicians working in the health and other sectors, improvements in information and statistical systems cannot be sustained.

Abstract. With the European Union integration growing deeper and Euro area countries having the common currency, excluding possibility of a national monetary policy, academic society has raised a debate on economic stabilization opportunities in individual Euro area countries in case the common monetary policy would prove to be adverse. According to the optimum currency area theory, one of the necessary conditions for the successful functioning of the monetary union is the homogeneity of its countries. The possible economic shocks could have a different impact on the economy of individual Euro area countries in the presence of significant differences in their economy structure. Applying the Hodrick–Prescott method, this study identifies and analyses economic growth cycles in the main economic sectors of the Euro area countries. The results suggest that not all economic growth cycles of the Euro area countries sufficiently correlate with the Euro area average, and one of the predetermining factors is the differences in the economic structure.Key words: asymmetry of economic growth cycle, Euro area, value added structure

Bali is a province that has significant economic strength in various sectors. Bali has proximity to the West Nusa Tenggara and East Nusa Tenggara Provinces, and financial interaction can occur. This study analyzes the spillover effect of the Balinese economy on West Nusa Tenggara and East Nusa Tenggara. It looks at the West Nusa Tenggara and East Nusa Tenggara economies' response when the Bali economic sector experiences a shock. The method used is VECM using quarterly real GRDP data of 35 observations. This study found a positive relationship between the service sector and the Bali industry in West Nusa Tenggara's economic growth. The Balinese industrial sector also has a positive relationship with East Nusa Tenggara's economic growth. The spillover effect did not occur between the Bali industrial sector in general and the development of West Nusa Tenggara and the Bali service sector in general and East Nusa Tenggara's economic growth. The Balinese economy, which has a spillover effect on West Nusa Tenggara and East Nusa Tenggara's economic growth in several sectors, can be used as a reference for the government to make economic development policies.

ABSTRACTRecent trends suggest increasing reliance on private markets to provide for local economic well‐being. This research demonstrates the study of regional household income distribution patterns associated with productive activities important to many rural areas. A social accounting matrix analysis was used to examine agricultural production, agricultural processing, forestry production, forest products processing, and tourism in a small rural region in Wisconsin to illustrate the variable distributional characteristics of private market structures and related local economic development policy. The results showed that while high income households comprised 22 percent of total regional households in the study area, they received between 57 percent and 63 percent of earned income associated with changes in sectoral factor income. Medium income households (34 percent of regional households) received between 32 percent and 41 percent of earned income, and low income households (44 percent) received between 2 percent and 6 percent. The ability of local policy to influence distributional patterns is implied to the extent that local action can facilitate variable growth rates of targeted economic sectors.