Suchergebnisse

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) provides for the assessment of the likely significant effects of a proposed development in the environment. Due to the ambiguous nature of the legislation on EIA, there are widely differing views as to whether the impact of a proposed development o surrounding property values should be considered as part of the EIA process. The primary objective of this thesis was to establish if property values should be considered within the Irish EIA process. In this regard, the most relevant provisions of the EC Directive 97/11/EC and the corresponding Irish legislation (Part X of the Planning and Development Act 2000 and Part 10 of the Planning and Development Regulations 2001) were reviewed and it was established how these legislative provisions were being interpreted in practice. This was achieved by means of interviews with key personnel in the Irish EIA process and through a review of all of the Environmental Impact Statements submitted to 'competent authorities 'in Ireland over a ten year period. The thesis concludes that 'impacts on property values' are economic impacts upon "human beings" and "material assets" i.e. land and/or property, and as such, they should be considered in the Irish EIA process., but only in instances where the potential impact of the proposed development on property values is likely to be significant. The secondary objective of the thesis was to establish if it was possible to devise a suitable quantitative methodology for property value assessment for application in the Irish EIA process. Three quantitative methods were identified that have been used for property value assessment in countries such as the UK, the USA, Canada and Australia. The methods were the hedonic pricing method, the 'before and after' study method and the benefits/costs transfer method. These methods have been applied to a limited extent in EIA world-wide. The study, explores, through the use of case studies, the practical application of the three quantitative methods to property value assessment in the Irish EIA process. However, the thesis concludes that there are a number of inherent problems which need to be overcome in formulating and testing a quantitative approach and methodology for the assessment of the potential impact of a proposed development on property values. The main problem is the lack of public access to accurate and detailed information on both property transactions and environmental considerations.

This report from the South Carolina Education Oversight Committee gives budget and other recommendations to the General Assembly.

The Government of Ethiopia in Growth and Transformation Plan (GTP) to overcome the impacts of any development projects on environment through concerted fiscal and monetary policy interventions complemented by regulatory and stabilization measures undertaken by the Government. However, environmental degradation and mismanagement of natural resources reduces the environment's ability to produce biomass for food, feed and household energy is continuing. Rapid and severe degradation can lead to special circumstances in the society, such as migration, deterioration of the person's health condition, displacement of indigenous peoples or communities and lack of access to basic environmental services such as clean water, bio-fuel, etc. These changes added stress on the lives of the people. One of the major activities contributing for environmental degradation in Ethiopia is road construction. The key environmental problems associated to road construction are removal of vegetation cover from road limit, borrow areas, quarry sites, camp sites and accelerating soil erosion and soil removal. Water and soil pollution by construction spoils and other related waste material from construction camps and workshops are serious challenges. Majority of the adverse impacts can be reduced with inclusion of the necessary mitigation and enhancement measure in the project road design, and their proper implementation in the successive phases. Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a systematic process that proactively examines the potential consequences of development actions. As a planning process, the longer-term objective of EIA is to contribute to sustainable development. In Ethiopia, EIA is become a legal requirement and the system has been established. Even though the legal framework and institutional setup are in place to run the system, it is not yet well implemented to help achieving environmentally friendly developments. This specific study has aimed to evaluate the status of EIA implementation in ERA road projects. Two roads have been selected as case study to undertake the research. The evaluation was based on the assessment of adequacy of EIA legislation, EIA administration, EIA procedure, implementation of EIA and recommended measures, public participation and quality of EIS. The study was carried out through questionnaire, interview, analysis of project specific documents, focus group discussion and field observation. The research has identified that the current EIA practice in road projects is not effective enough to meet the intended objective. The factors affecting the effectiveness are absence of EIA system monitoring, weak regulatory enforcement, poor integration of EIA into decision making process, lack of public involvement, weak integration of EIA into project cycle, poorly developed environmental database and information system, quality of EIA reports, absence of separate pay items and weak inter-sectoral coordination and communication and limited resource availability. In order to improve its efficiency and effectiveness, provision of separate pay item in the bill of quantity, omission in key stages and components of EIA process, organizational capacity of environmental protection authority and coordination with Ethiopian Roads Authority (ERA), database and environmental information system, participation of local communities and organizations, defining Sectoral responsibilities, awareness creation to different actors involving in the EIA process and monitoring and follow up.

The technique of environmental impact analysis (EIA) was developed initially in the United States in response to a requirement of the National 15nvironmental Policy Act of 1969. Now adopted with variations in at least 3 0 countries antf by the European Community, EIA has proved to be a va1ua't)le component of a group of related techniques for discovering and projectirig the probable consequences of proposed action. In pursuit of iriprovenicnt in analytic technique, however, the policy rationale for EIA has too oftcii been obscured. EIA depends for full effectiveness upon in‐ tcgration into the policy‐making process. Separated from commitment to environmental policy objectives, El.4 IS at risk of becoming redundant paperwork.

Peak price 2023Q4 at $87.7/bbl (WTI), $92.7/bbl (Brent). WTI forecast below: Source: STEO, 12 Sep 2023. Futures imply slightly lower prices than the STEO. Update, 9/13, noon Pacific: Reader Steve Kopits notes that futures are typically in backwardation, i.e., futures prices are below current spot prices. That is true. However, as I have observed on […]