Suchergebnisse

This article provides a new perspective on British trade policy towards the Soviet Union & Eastern Europe in the late 1940s & early 1950s. It argues that the Attlee government pursued an ambivalent economic strategy during the formative years of the Cold War. On the one hand, British policy makers sought to prevent Soviet military build up by implementing an international embargo on East-West trade. On the other, the economic & financial weakness of the United Kingdom drove Whitehall to sign trade agreements with the Soviet bloc governments in order to preserve access to the profitable non-dollar markets of Eastern Europe. This approach led to conflict with the Truman administration over Cold War economic policy, as the United States wanted to restrict Soviet access to Western technology & industrial goods. By 1951 Britain had succeeded, in partnership with France, in moderating US demands for a comprehensive trade embargo which, if instituted, would have severely limited the access of the Organization for European Economic Co-operation (OEEC) nations to the non-strategic markets of the Soviet bloc countries. As such, this episode offers further evidence to suggest that British governments exercised considerable influence over the USA during the early years of the Cold War. [Copyright 2001 Sage Publications Ltd.]

Frontmatter -- Contents -- Abbreviations -- Chapter 1. Introduction: Worldmaking of Architecture -- Chapter 2. A Global Development Path Accra, 1957-66 -- Chapter 3. Worlding Eastern Europe Lagos, 1966-79 -- Chapter 4. The World Socialist System Baghdad, 1958-90 -- Chapter 5. Socialism within Globalization Abu Dhabi and Kuwait City, 1979-90 -- Epilogue and Outlook -- A Note on Sources -- Acknowledgments -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- Image Credits

In the 1940s and 1950s, Western governments turned to radio as the most effective means of countering the Soviet information monopoly. U.S. and West European radio stations attempted to provide listeners with the kind of programs they might expect from their own radio stations if the latter were free of censorship. For most of these listeners in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe, the broadcasts were their only contact with the outside world. The importance of the foreign radio programs was confirmed not only by audience estimates, but also by the considerable efforts the Communist regimes made to jam the transmissions. Given the importance of foreign broadcasting for the political life of the Soviet bloc, it is remarkable that these broadcasts have received scant scholarly attention in the Western countries that sponsored them. The three books reviewed here help to fill that gap.

This book provides a new interpretation of the economic dimension of the Cold War. It examines Anglo-American trade diplomacy towards the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe from the late 1940s to the early 1960s. The book, which is based on research in American and British archives, presents new evidence to suggest that Anglo-American relations in East-West trade were characterised by friction and conflict as the two countries clashed over divergent commercial and strategic perceptions of the Soviet Union.

This is the story of how the Cold War impacted on the people of East Anglia. Had nuclear conflict broken out, the region would have found itself as the target for any Soviet strike for the simple reason that it housed the launch pad for not only the British deterrent, but also America''s first line of defence. The book also examines the early development of the UK''s nuclear arsenal with ballistic and environmental testing of nuclear bombs at Orfordness and storage and maintenance at one of the country''s most secret sites, Barnham. Cold War East Anglia reveals a number of the secrets of the y

Between the closing battles of the Second World War and the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, the Cold War cast a shadow over the lives of people throughout the world. Whilst open conflict was avoided between the ideologically competing superpowers and their principal allies, millions died in battlegrounds in parts of the world that were usually far from Moscow, Washington and London.The threat of nuclear annihilation was omnipresent, but at the same time mutually assured destruction tempered conflict and focused minds. Subtle (and not so subtle) attempts to influence popular opinion either way were apparent in everyday life on both sides of the divide. Whilst the power of the dollar and the burgeoning costs of the arms race eventually broke the Soviet economy, the idea that capitalism won' the the Cold War seems misplaced, especially if one considers events that have happened since, including very recent armed conflict.The book takes the reader through main events of the period, but focuses on the impact on ordinary citizens East and West and the view of events from their perspective. This is a story of how economies on both sides were built around war preparations and the advance of destructive technologies that had no social benefits apart from the provision of employment. Sources used are unusual in not fitting the western-based narratives that pervade both academic histories and popular accounts.However, this book is not an apology for the more oppressive aspects of Soviet policy as the USSR struggled to build really existing socialism' within its own borders and the Eastern Bloc countries under its immediate influence. Instead, it brings a people's perspective from both sides onto this important period of recent history, whose consequences are very much still with us as we face modern challenges around climate change and growing inequality across our world. A People's History of the Cold War - Stories from East and West captures the mood of the times with its extensive contemporary illustrations

Preface -- Introduction: the Cold War in the Middle East, 1967-73 / Nigel J. Ashton -- The Cold War and the Six Day War: U.S. policy toward the Arab-Israeli Crisis of June 1967 / Peter L. Hahn -- The politics of stalemate: the Nixon administration and the Arab-Israeli Conflict, 1969-1973 / Salim Yaqub -- The Cold War and the Soviet attitude toward the Arab-Israeli conflict / Galia Golan -- Israel's traumatic pre-1967 war experience and its implications for Israel's foreign policy decision-making in the post-war period / Zaki Shalom -- Military/political means/ends: Egyptian decision making in the war of attrition / Laura M. James -- How American and Israeli intelligence failed to estimate the Soviet intervention in the war of attrition / Dima P. Adamsky -- The origins of a misnomer: the "expulsion of Soviet advisers" from Egypt in 1972 / Isabella Ginor and Gideon Remez -- The "Big Lie" and the "Great Betrayal": explaining the British collapse in Aden / Spencer Mawby -- Cold war, hot war and civil war: King Hussein and Jordan's regional role -- 1967-1973 / Nigel J. Ashton

The net effect of the Vietnam War and the subsequent Vietnamese conquest of Cambodia has been to greatly augment the influence of the USSR throughout Indochina. Despite repeated efforts by the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) to exert international diplomatic pressure and get Vietnam to leave Cambodia, Hanoi's determination to maintain its hegemony in the region only seems to have increased. There is considerable ambivalence within ASEAN toward the role of the People's Republic of China in solving the Cambodian conflict. Thus far, the US has retained a low profile in the conflict, a posture which only seems to strengthen a potentially dangerous strategic status quo. (Internat. Political Science Assoc.)