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Cover -- Title -- Copyright -- Dedication -- Contents -- Key ACEJMC Learning Objectives -- Preface -- Features of the Third Edition -- About the Authors -- Acknowledgments -- Section I: Paving the Way to Today's Mass Media -- 1 Introduction to the Mass Media Revolution -- The Style and Approach of Mass Media Revolution -- Media as Storytellers -- Inspiring Debate Through Bias and Controversy -- Experience and Scholarship -- Applying Historical Context to Mass Media -- Studying the Mass Media -- Media Convergence -- Mass Media Defined -- Theoretical Building Blocks of Mass Media -- Passive and Active Media -- Media Framing -- The Humanistic Approach to Communication -- Linking the Medium and the Message -- Audience Trends -- Why Research Audiences? -- Culture and Mass Media: Sharing What We Know -- The Challenge of Cross-Cultural Communication -- The Media's Influence on Religion and Beliefs -- Global Access, Global Threats -- From My Village to the Global Village -- Proximity and Media Space -- Media Hegemony -- Mass Media Convergence in the Digital Age -- Dealing With Information Bombardment -- Media Access Versus Media Overload -- Conclusion: Understanding New Mass Media from a Critical Perspective -- 2 Mass Media: A Brief Historical Narrative -- The Roots of Mass Media Networks -- The Storytellers -- The Scribes -- The Visual Artists -- Arts, Artists and the Renaissance -- The Power and Influence of Media Publishers -- The Birth of Modern Mass Media -- Printing and Politics -- The Newsmakers -- The Rise of Yellow Journalism and Penny Presses -- The First Media War in the United States -- The Photographers -- The Impact of Music and Images on Culture and Society -- The Music-Makers -- The Radio Broadcasters -- The Filmmakers -- The Television Producers -- The Birth of Television Broadcast Systems

Intro -- CONTENTS -- CONTRIBUTORS -- PREFACE -- CHAPTER I: THE VOICE OF THE LOCALITY -- 1.THE VOICE OF THE LOCALITY -- CHAPTER II: THE VOICE OF THE VOICELESS: REFLECTIONS OF THE LOCAL, AUDIENCES AND COMMUNITY NEEDS -- 2.1. THE SEGMENTATION OF LOCAL AUDIENCES? FRAGMENTED MEDIA USE AND TYPES OF MEDIA USERS AT THE LOCAL LEVEL -- 2.2. THE EFFECT OF COMMUNICATION CONCERNING CIVIC PARTICIPATION ON LOCAL IDENTITY AND THE STRUGGLE AGAINST DEPOPULATION -- 2.3. THE LOCAL PRESS AND INDEPENDENCE IN SCOTLAND -- 2.4. "WE'RE HOLDING THE TOWN'S MIRROR": THE SELF-REFERENTIAL DISCOURSES OF THE LOCAL NEWSPAPER CAMDEN ADVERTISERDURING THE CONTROVERSY OVER A PROPOSED ISLAMIC SCHOOL -- CHAPTER III. BUILDING CLOSENESS: THE RELATIONSHIPS BEHIND THE LOCAL -- 3.1 .MEDIA BUILDING COMMUNITY: AUDIENCE ENGAGEMENT IN A MICRO-NATION -- 3.2. STRONG LOCAL PRESS VERSUS WEAK LOCAL PRESS IN LOCAL RELATIONS. A COMPARATIVE CASE STUDY OF TWO WEEKLIES IN POLAND -- 3.3. THE PUBLIC AND LOCAL MEDIA JOURNALISTS: AN EXPECTED RELATIONSHIP -- 3.4. SOLUTIONS JOURNALISM AS A SYMPTOM OF FUNDAMENTAL CHANGES FOR FRENCH LOCAL JOURNALISTS -- CHAPTER IV: FILLING THE GAP: LOCAL MEDIA IN SPECIFIC CONDITIONS -- 4.1. LOCAL PUBLIC COMMUNICATION FILLING THE GAP FOR A VANISHING LOCAL MEDIA. A DILEMMA FOR DEMOCRACY IN SWEDEN -- 4.2. DIGITIZATION: EMPOWERING REGIONAL MEDIA IN THE PUBLIC -- 4.3. COLLABORATION AND FUSION OF BASQUE LOCAL MEDIA: OPPORTUNITIES FOR DEVELOPMENT AND FOR CITIZEN PARTICIPATION -- 4.4. AN ACTIVE LOCAL PUBLIC SPHERE: THE ROLE OF NEW MEDIA IN CREATING A CONTEMPORARY LOCAL DEMOCRACY IN THE CASE OF POLAND -- INDEX

Cover -- Endorsement -- Half Title -- Series Information -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- Figures -- Tables -- Contributors -- Acknowledgements -- 1 Introduction -- Genesis of the Book Idea -- Russia in Change in the 21st Century: Identity, Culture, Audiences and Journalism -- Generational Identity and Culture -- Audiences -- Russian Mass Media and Journalism -- Outline of the Book -- Note On Case Selection and Limitations of the Study -- References -- Part I Shaping Content and Perception -- 2 Word Associations as a Source of Internet-Discourse Development -- Introduction -- Methods and Materials -- Results and Discussions -- Conclusions -- References -- 3 Perception of Thematic Multimedia Storytelling By the Digital Media Generation -- Introduction -- State of the Art Literature Overview -- Research Basis -- Research Methodology -- Research Results -- Findings and Conclusion -- References -- Part II Culture, Politics and Society in Local Journalism -- 4 Axiological Culture of a Journalist -- Introduction -- Methods and Approach -- Axiology as a Part of Regional Media Strategy -- Value Preferences in Journalist's Activities -- Spiritual and Moral Markers of Journalistic Culture -- Money and Rating as Social Value -- Conclusion -- References -- 5 Journalist at the Verge of Generations: Intergenerational Differences and Media Presentation Styles -- Introduction -- Purpose, Objectives, Methods and Sample -- Generalisation -- Conclusion -- References -- 6 Periodical Press of the Orenburg Region and Power -- Introduction -- Method and Approach -- Printed Periodicals of the Orenburg Region in the Context of the Transformation of the Media System -- Regional Press Today: Deontological and Axiological Aspects -- Regional Press From the Standpoint of Deontology of Journalism.

Reconceptualizing citizen media : a preliminary charting of a complex domain / Mona Baker & Bolette B. Blaagaard -- Understanding citizen media as practice : agents, processes, publics / Hilde Stephansen -- Frontiers of the political : "closed sea" and the cinema of discontent / Sandra Ponzanesi -- Citizen mediations of connectivity : narrowing the "culture of distance" in television news / Bolette B. Blaagaard & Stuart Allan -- Theatricality and gesture as citizen media : composure on a precipice / Jenny Hughes & Simon Parry -- Nanodemonstrations as media events : networked forms of the Russian protest movement / Evgenia Nim -- The politics of affect in activist amateur subtitling : a biopolitical perspective / Luis Pérez-González -- Media participation and desiring subjects / Sara Beretta -- Participatory urbanism : making the stranger familiar and the familiar strange / Stine Ejsing-Duun -- Ironic "resistance" in chinese citizen media online / Astrid Nordin -- The securitization of citizen reporting in post-arab spring conflicts / Lilie Chouliaraki -- The people formerly known as the oligarchy : the cooptation of citizen journalism / Julia Rone -- Memory, guardianship and the witnessing amateur in the emergence of citizen journalism / Karen Cross

1 Mass media and political economics -- 2 Collective decision-making and market provision of information -- 3 Public good provision, electoral selection and informationacquisition -- 4 Theory and evidence from Norway: Newspaper circulationand local government efficiency -- 5 The geography of local television markets and the allocationof federal funds in the United States -- 6 Concluding remarks -- 7 References

The article focuses on local media, which turned out to be closely linked to a number of forms of participatory journalism. The question of the specific status of such means of communication in media systems is raised. Analysis of the nature of mass communication suggests that local media operate on the boundary of two types of communication – the interpersonal and mass, that determines their integration into the life of social groups and the ease with which laymen can enter the process of mass information exchange. It is suggested that local media have the properties of fractals, which allows them to adapt to changes in the social environment.

Does the mass media affect the dispersion of the policy positions of political parties? In this article it is argued that the mass media polarize parties' policy positions because vote-seeking strategies are more viable if party policy positions are clearly communicated to the electorate and because a vote-seeking strategy corresponds with parties taking a distinct policy position away from the median. Hence, the main hypothesis is that party policy position dispersion is larger with more mass media penetration. In order to test this argument, a novel dataset on party positions and mass media penetration in 267 Danish municipalities in 2004 is utilized and a new measure of the dispersion of policy positions in multiparty systems is constructed. The analysis corroborates the article's main hypothesis. Adapted from the source document.