Suchergebnisse

This article deals with military feudalism (the timar system) in Palestine during the 10th H./16th A.D. century. It had first appeared in the Buwayhid period and continued under the Saljuqs, Mamluks and Ottomans. The article clarifies the types of timar: the khass al-hamayuni (private income of the sultan), the khass amir al-umara (private income of the chief commander), the zi'amet and the timar and distinguishes the fees and taxes that the timar holder collected: the 'ushr, the kharaj and the fees on the number of sheep, and the badhuwa, the jizyah, hisbah and 'urfi fees. The regulations for the timars, the method of distribution, the officials responsible and the problems that they faced, whether related to the sipahis or the peasants and the ways by which the sipahis managed their timars and the methods that they followed to collect their dues and the social and economic consequences that resulted from its performance, especially on the sipahis, some of whom became rich and the peasants whose condition worsened due to what they had to pay to the timar holders.

Aktive Rolle der Frau im Kampf gegen Israel als Soldatinnen; organisatorische Struktur der politischen und militärischen Frauenverbände; Leben der Frauen in den Flüchtlingslagern; seit 1976 vermehrt Ausbildung für Frauen; seit der israelischen Invasion im Libanon (1982) Zerstörung aller Ausbildungs- und Arbeitsmöglichkeiten für die Frauen. (DÜI-Seu)

Palestine Unbound strives to capture the tenor and content of popular conversations related to the Palestinians and the Arab-Israeli conflict that have gone viral or represent a significant cultural moment or trend. In this issue, #HonorRasmea marks the end of Chicago community organizer, feminist, and torture survivor Rasmea Odeh's four-year legal battle to defend herself from immigration charges; activists pursue a Boycott, Divestment & Sanctions campaign against the film Wonder Woman; Twitter users sharply criticize Israel's Minister of Culture and Sport Miri Regev for wearing a gown plagiarized from a Palestinian designer; and a social media campaign draws attention to the ongoing, ten-year Gaza blockade.

This section, updated regularly on Palestine Square, strives to capture the tenor and content of popular conversations related to the Palestinians and the Arab-Israeli conflict held on new and dynamic platforms, unbound by traditional media. Items that either have gone viral or represent a significant cultural moment or trend during the quarter 16 August–15 November 2017 include: global protests marking one hundred years since the issuance of the Balfour Declaration, the Palestinian Authority arrest of human rights defender Issa Amro for allegedly violating its new cyber crimes law, an update on Rasmea Odeh's deportation from the United States, and a viral social media campaign initiated by a youth group in Gaza called "Breakthrough," which used sarcastic tweets to laud supposed advancements there.

Palestine Unbound strives to capture the tenor and content of popular conversations related to the Palestinians and the Arab-Israeli conflict held on dynamic platforms unbound by traditional media. Items selected here are from a variety of sources and have either gone viral or represent a significant cultural moment or trend. This quarter's news includes the rejection of a hasbara junket to Israel by six National Football League players, kicked off by a tweet from Seattle Seahawks defensive end Michael Bennett; a flurry of satirical Arabic Facebook posts titled "Before and After the PA" that cast a critical eye at the Palestinian Authority; the trending Valentine's Day hashtag, "#WeLoveYouPalestine"; and Palestinian Twitter's response to U.S. president Donald Trump's repetition of an Israeli talking point.

This section, updated regularly on the blog Palestine Square, covers popular conversations related to the Palestinians and the Arab-Israeli conflict during the quarter 16 November 2017 to 15 February 2018: #JerusalemIstheCapitalofPalestine went viral after U.S. president Donald Trump recognized Jerusalem as the capital of Israel and announced his intention to move the U.S. embassy there from Tel Aviv. The arrest of Palestinian teenager Ahed Tamimi for slapping an Israeli soldier also prompted a viral campaign under the hashtag #FreeAhed. A smaller campaign protested the exclusion of Palestinian human rights from the agenda of the annual Creating Change conference organized by the US-based National LGBTQ Task Force in Washington. And, UNRWA publicized its emergency funding appeal, following the decision of the United States to slash funding to the organization, with the hashtag #DignityIsPriceless.

This work describes Palestine during the British Mandate, and shows the real circumstances in which Palestinians lived, it also describes the religious believes dominated in Palestine, the struggle between the Jews and the Palestinian Arabs and the behavior of the military institution of Great Britain about it.