Suchergebnisse

"Political Culture in Latin America" published on by Oxford University Press.

Our class of models aims at explaining the dynamics of political attitude change by means of the dynamic changes in values, beliefs, norms and knowledge with which it is associated. The model constructs a political culture perspective over the relationship between macro and micro levels of a society and polity. The model defines the bonding mechanism as a basic mechanism of the political culture change by taking inspiration from the valence bonding theory in Chemistry, which has inspired the elaboration of the mechanisms and processes underlying the political culture emergence and the political culture control over the relationship between macro-level political entities and the micro-level individual agents. The model introduces operational definitions of the individual agent in political culture terms. The simulation model is used for the study of emergent political culture change phenomena based on individual interactions (emergent or upward causation) as well as the ways in which the macro entities and emergent phenomena influence in turn the behaviors of individual agents (downward causation). The model is used in the ongoing research concerning the quality of democracy and political participation of the citizens in the Eastern European societies after the Fall of Berlin Wall. It is particularly aimed at explaining the long-term effect of the communist legacy and of the communist polity concept and organization onto the political mentalities and behaviors of the citizens with respect to democratic institutions and political power. The model has major implications in political socialization, political involvement, political behavior, corruption and polity modeling.

A survey conducted by "Centre for Socio-economic and Humanities Research" at the Kama Polytechnic Institute in the city of Naberezhnye Chelny in October 1999 represents a specific material for the analysis of age differences in the political culture within a particular area - a major industrial city of the Republic of Tatarstan.

Political culture is a very specific type of spiritual culture of society. The political culture includes, expresses the formation of a mechanism for purposeful political activity, the regulation of political relations.

Aaron Wildavsky has argued that it is theoretically more useful to think of political preferences as rooted in political culture than to entertain alternative bases such as schemas or ideologies. In the APSA presidential address in which he made his case, Wildavsky also advocated a program of research on political cultures, and welcomed "challenges and improvements." David Laitin accepts the invitation; he variously takes issue with Wildavsky's concept of political culture.

"This all-encompassing encyclopedia provides a broad perspective on U.S. politics, culture, and society, but also goes beyond the facts to consider the myths, ideals, and values that help shape and define the nation"--

Abstract.This paper examines the existence of sub-State political cultures in Canada. In so doing it revisits research conducted by Richard Simeon and David Elkins into the existence of provincial political cultures in Canada. It reviews the evidence for provincial political cultures and examines recent data from the Canadian Election Study in an effort to determine whether attitudes towards government have changed. Second, it revisits the process by which sub-cultures are identified. Using data from the federal election profiles and the CES the paper identifies nine distinct regional variant cultures within Canada. These regional cultures possess different political attitudes and behaviours that cannot be explained by the existence of provincial boundaries.Résumé.Cet article examine l'existence de cultures politiques sous-étatiques au Canada. Il reprend, ce faisant, les recherches de Richard Simeon et David Elkins qui démontrent la réalité des cultures politiques provinciales au Canada. L'article reconsidère l'authenticité de l'existence des cultures provinciales et étudie les données récentes de l'Étude électorale canadienne pour tenter de déterminer si les attitudes politiques ont changé. Ensuite, il réexamine le processus d'identification des sous cultures . En utilisant les profils des circonscriptions fédérales et l'ÉÉC, l'article identifie neuf variantes régionales distinctes au Canada. Ces cultures régionales manifestent des attitudes et comportement distincts qui ne peuvent pas s'expliquer par l'existence des frontières provinciales.

THE EXISTENCE OF DISTINCT REGIONAL POLITICAL CULTURES WITHIN CANADA IS INVESTIGATED. USING A NATIONAL SAMPLE (N=2,600), SCALES MEASURING CITIZEN EFFICIENCY, TRUST IN GOVERNMENT, & POLITICAL INVOLVEMENT WERE CONSTRUCTED & TABULATED WITH LANGUAGE & PROVINCE. THEY WERE COMBINED INTO A TYPOLOGY OF 4 CITIZEN TYPES: (1) CITIZENS (TRUSTING & EFFICACIOUS), (2) DEFERENTIALS (TRUSTING BUT NOT EFFICACIOUS), (3) REBELS (EFFICACIOUS BUT NOT TRUSTING), & (4) ALIENATED (NEITHER TRUSTING NOT EFFICACIOUS). LARGE INTERPROVINCIAL VARIATIONS WERE FOUND, ESPECIALLY WITH TRUST & EFFICACY. BRITISH COLUMBIA HAD THE HIGHEST PROPORTION OF CITIZENS & REBELS, WHILE THE MARITIMES PROVINCES, & THE FRENCH-SPEAKING OUTSIDE QUEBEC, HAD THE LARGEST PROPORTIONS OF ALIENATED VOTERS. IN INVOLVEMENT, HOWEVER, THE MARITIMES RANKED HIGHER. SUCH STRIKING DIFFERENCES COULD FLOW FROM THE EXISTENCE OF DISTINCTIVE REGIONAL CULTURES, OR SIMPLY FROM THE FACT THAT THE PROVINCIAL POPULATIONS DIFFER FROM ONE ANOTHER IN SUCH SE CHARACTERISTICS AS EDUCATION, CLASS, INCOME, & UR/RU MAKEUP. A SERIES OF CONTROL VARIABLES WAS INTRODUCED TO SEE IF THESE WASHED OUT THE DIFFERENCES. IN SOME CASES, INTERREGIONAL DIFFERENCES ACTUALLY INCREASED. THE EFFECT OF CONTROL VARIABLES DIFFERED ACROSS REGIONS; IN BRITISH COLUMBIA, THE MC & THE WC DIFFERED LITTLE IN TRUST & EFFICACY, IN THE MARITIMES THEY DIFFERED SHARPLY. ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE CONFIRMED THAT BOTH REGION & THE SE FACTORS INDEPENDENTLY ACCOUNTED FOR VARIATIONS ALONG THE 3 DIMENSIONS. THE INTERPROVINCIAL DIFFERENCES IN BASIC POLITICAL ATTITUDES ARE A FUNCTION OF DIFFERENT CULTURES. VARIATIONS AMONG ENGLISH- SPEAKING PROVINCES ARE AT LEAST AS GREAT AS THE MORE COMMONLY NOTED DIFFERENCES BETWEEN ENGLISH & FRENCH-SPEAKING CANADIANS. 17 TABLES. MODIFIED AA.