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Social networks are known to play an important role in the migration process. This paper examines the impact of these networks on the duration of job searches after migration in Malaysia. Along with education and length of previous work experience, the impact on the job search duration of the manner by which the migrant finds employment as weIl as the source of financial support, were assessed. Regression analysis revealed that migrants with more work experience as weIl as those who received financial support from friendslrelatives took significantly longer to find employment after migration. There was no difference in the duration of searches between mi grants who relied on friends/relatives to find jobs and others. The reasons for and the implications of these findings are discussed.

By 2019, the United States plans to resettle approximately 50,000 refugees from the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The purpose of this study was to identify and understand the challenges, risks, and strengths of adult Congolese refugee women resettled in the United States to help policymakers, service providers, and other stakeholders prepare for the arrival of Congolese women and their families. Researchers conducted in-depth interviews and focus groups with Congolese refugee women (n = 28) and resettlement service providers (n = 29) in three US cities. The findings of this study reveal the complex and dynamic nature of Congolese refugee women's resettlement experiences in the United States and highlight the importance of recognizing the intersection of pre- and post-migration factors during resettlement. This article offers concrete implications for the social work profession and practitioners. ; Institute on Domestic Violence and Sexual Assault (IDVSA)

AbstractUsing a unique dataset (N=2,014), we examine the pre‐ and post‐migration determinants of socio‐cultural integration among first‐generation immigrant groups in southern Europe: Moroccan and Senegalese migrants in Spain, and Egyptian and Ghanaian migrants in Italy. The results of the pooled and immigrant‐group specific regression analyses partly highlight the dominance of pre‐migration factors. Immigrants who were well‐educated and well‐informed prior to migrating and who migrate at a young age, achieve higher levels of socio‐cultural integration. Going against some hypotheses found in the literature, female gender and North African origin have a positive effect on socio‐cultural integration as opposed to male gender and sub‐Saharan origin. With regard to post‐migration factors, occupational status is the main economic determinant of socio‐cultural integration. Interestingly, being employed as such has no significant effect on socio‐cultural integration. This suggests that labour market segmentation and discrimination negatively impact upon socio‐cultural integration. The results also suggest that policies allowing immigrants to benefit from the human capital they carry across borders and achieve upward socio‐economic mobility are likely to enhance their socio‐cultural integration.

Post-migration adaptation has been a major theme in migration studies. Yet extant research has typically focused on immigrants who will presumably settle in the host society and overlooked temporary migrants, especially those who move in later life. While the former are expected to assimilate into the host society over time, temporary migrants spend limited and intermittent periods of time in the host society only. The normative frameworks of migrant adaptation are, therefore, inadequate for analyzing the experience of older temporary migrants. Drawing on ethnographic data collected from 41 Chinese grandparenting migrants in Singapore, this article uses temporariness as a central analytic lens to examine their post-migration adaption experience, including their attitudes toward their temporary presence in the host country, the constraints they encountered as temporary migrants, and the strategies they used to cope with such experiences. We introduce the concepts of "objective temporariness" and "subjective temporariness" to illustrate how the duration of stay allowed by the host state and migrants' feelings toward their temporary presence, respectively, affect migrants' intentions and ability to adapt to the new environment. Conceptualizing temporariness as a continuum, we show how diverse forms of temporariness (transient versus extended) differentially shaped the adaptation patterns of short-term stayers (staying one to three months each time) and long-term stayers (staying at least a year or more). Our findings underscore the importance of analyzing the temporal alongside the spatial when examining temporariness as a condition experienced by older temporary migrants and as a tool used by nation-states to regulate migrant populations.

AbstractThis article draws on data collected from qualitative interviews with 38 recent immigrants in two Ontario cities to provide an overview of recent immigrants' general dietary acculturation experiences. With insights from both Cockerham's health lifestyle theory and Berry's acculturation model, this article explores how structural inequalities related to integration and settlement may shape recent immigrants' post‐migration food choices and eating practices. The results of this study revealed that immigrants from non‐Western countries experienced greater challenges in healthy eating. Findings are in line with Cockerham's health lifestyle theory: immigrants' post‐migration food choices and dietary acculturation strategies were not only bounded by socioeconomic status and cultural differences but were also shaped by various structural inequalities, especially those related to systematic barriers during the integration and settlement process. Overall, this paper provides a more holistic understanding of the multifaceted nature of immigrants' dietary acculturation experiences.

For migrant children, moving to a new country is marked by excitement, anxiety and practical challenges in managing this significant transition. This paper draws upon the concepts of social capital and social networks to examine migrant children's access to services post‐migration. Using data from a qualitative study with Eastern European families in Scotland, we identify a range of cumulative barriers that limit children's access to services and illustrate how their experiences are shaped by ethnicity, social class and place. The study shows that migrant children are often disadvantaged post‐migration and develop their own mechanisms to mitigate the impact of migration on their lives. We argue that migrant children's own social networks are relevant and they need to be analysed through a more individualised approach.

This research explores the psychosocial challenges faced by rural Pakistani women in the wake of their migration to the city. A focus group and ten in-depth interviews were conducted with women from a migrant household. The study revealed that migrant women's frustration of unmet needs, the stress of unfulfilled expectations along with pressing socio-economic circumstances paves the way for a range of psychological problems like hopelessness, demoralization, lack of motivation, shame, social withdrawal and isolation, psychosomatic complaints anxiety and depression. The findings revealed that Persistent poverty does not only affect the psychological well-being of these migrant women but also keeps them trapped in impoverishment. It also highlighted that the psychosocial challenges for these migrant women increase twofold in the urban settings as they are compelled to exist on the margin of the margins as the poorest of the poor.

AbstractUsual debates about the diversity visa (DV) programme revolve around the impact of DV initiated mass migration on African countries' development, on whether the programme sufficiently diversifies U.S. immigrant streams, and on whether there is a tradeoff in immigrant quality for diversity. This article seeks to extend the focus of these debates by examining the impact of the diversity visa programme on DV migrants at the micro‐level pre‐ and post‐migration. Based on in‐depth interviews with sixty‐one diversity visa lottery winners from Ghana and Nigeria, the article examines how this immigration policy has become a contextual determinant of immigrant incorporation. It argues that an account of the impact of immigration policies on immigrants pre‐ and post‐migration must be added to theorization of state agency in shaping migration flows. It concludes with a discussion on ways the diversity visa programme can be modified to facilitate incorporation of DV migrants in the United States.

Abstract: The present investigation reflects on the type of capitalism in which the current migratory phenomenon in Mexico is inserted. It is argued that there is an implicit relationship between neoliberalism, migration, citizenship and the state. A process in which the political links woven around the state are blurred and the rights of people become commodified or lose their meaning progressively. In this sense, capitalism "chupacabra", is fixed in the depredations of the bodies of migrants. It is theorized that this new form of voracious capitalism rushes in four ways on migrants: 1) it depoliticizes their human rights and citizenship; 2) remove the leftover bodies; 3) Recategorizes them as a threat to the state and society and therefore makes them subject to violence or neutralization by any State agent or para-state actors, and; 4) finally, it pushes them towards consumption and towards clandestine work, which in turn, at its maximum expression, diminishes almost completely the demands that can be made in the State to make visible or denounce their living conditions. ; Resumen: La presente investigación reflexiona sobre el tipo de capitalismo en el que se inserta el actual fenómeno migratorio en México. Se argumenta que existe una relación implícita entre neoliberalismo, migración, ciudadanía y estado. Un proceso en dónde las vinculaciones políticas tejidas en torno al estado se difuminan y los derechos de las personas se mercantilizan o pierden sentido progresivamente. En este sentido el capitalismo "chupacabras", se fija en las depredaciones de los cuerpos de los migrantes. Se teoriza que esta nueva forma de capitalismo voraz se abalanza de cuatro maneras sobre los migrantes: 1) los despolitiza de sus derechos humanos y de ciudadanía; 2) elimina los cuerpos sobrantes; 3) Los recategoriza como una amenaza al estado y a la sociedad y por tanto los hace sujetos a la violencia o neutralización por parte de cualquier agente del estado o actores para-estatales, y; 4) finalmente, los presiona hacia el consumo y hacia el trabajo clandestino, lo cual a su vez, en su máxima expresión, disminuye casi totalmente las demandas que pueden hacer en el Estado para hacer visible o denunciar sus condiciones de vida.