Suchergebnisse

ABSTRACTThe extant literature states that firms 'go green' in response to one or a combination of three factors: regulation, stakeholder pressure or 'because it pays', with each being tempered by managerial attitudes and perceptions. In this paper, we test the relevance of these factors in the empirical setting of Russia. Data collected from firms in three industrialised regions indicates that Russia's 'coercive' approach to regulatory enforcement has resulted in firms seeking to limit their environmental punishment, rather than improve their environmental management. Similarly, weak civil society in Russia has meant that stakeholders such as environmental non‐governmental organisations fail to influence greening activity. We find that only 'because it pays' motives were persuasive. The paper concludes that, in settings such as the Russian Federation, market mechanisms are the only method by which to facilitate corporate greening and that steps should be taken to strengthen instruments like ISO 14001 to facilitate greening of this type. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.

The subject of the article is the institution of onshoring of foreign IT companies that is adopted by law in the Russian Federation. The study aims to identify the conditions for forced onshoring of foreign IT companies, coercion measures, and application features. Legislative models of onshoring are analyzed, as are the possibilities of digital residency. The study assesses an implemented model of onshoring, determines the conditions of its application and coercion measures, and identifies potential risks and threats associated with the onshoring of foreign IT companies. Current issues of voluntary and forced onshoring, objectives solved through the institution of onshoring, and possibilities of applying such and similar tools in the Russian Federation are studied. The necessity to develop legal regulations providing full execution of the onshore law is substantiated.

In March 1921 Lenin predicted, "If there is a harvest, everybody will hunger a little and the government will be saved. Otherwise, since we cannot take anything from people who do not have the means to satisfy their own hunger, the government will perish." By early summer, Russia was in the grip of one of the worst famines in its history. Lenin's gloomy forecast, however, was never put to the test. At almost the last moment, substantial help in the form of food, clothing, and medical supplies arrived from a most unexpected source —U.S. Secretary of Commerce Herbert Hoover.Hoover undertook the relief of Soviet Russia not as an official representative of the United States government but as the head of a private agency —the American Relief Administration (A.R.A.).