Suchergebnisse

The general aspects of scientific organization of labour and possibility of introduction of her are reflected in activity of services of rear. Attention is accented on problem questions that arise up on the modern stage of development of the state. ; Висвітлено загальні аспекти наукової організації праці та можливості її впровадження у діяльність фахівців служб тилу. Акцентовано увагу на проблемних питаннях, які виникають на сучасному етапі розвитку держави.

Introduction. The paper addresses the issue of psychological ensuring of personnel management in Russian scientific organizations. For the first time, the types of scientific organizations in the Russian Federation are analyzed to account for their opportunities and limitations of employing existing international techniques for personnel management under the conditions of growing globalization and informatization in the field of research activities. Theoretical Basis. When choosing a theoretical approach for psychological ensuring of personnel management, it is important to take into consideration the type of scientific organization in terms of its research activities (theoretical/applied), form of financing (budget/commercial/mixed), and the place the research activities occupy among a researcher's professional responsibilities (central/peripheral). Results. The study reviewed the following theories and theoretical models: the model of the peaks of a scientist's creative productivity (G.J.Feist), the model of gift economy in the field of research activities (K.Vermeir), and various hybrid models. According to the study analyses, the concept of motivation for scientific activity (T.V.Razina) can be instrumental in assessing the role of ten types of motivational subsystems when carrying out research activities and developing the means of stimulating them. The study concentrates on the following theoretical models for establishing creative environments: (a) the dynamic theory of organizational knowledge creation (I.Nonaka and colleagues) that is applicable for any organization and (b) the model of creative environments for the research process in academic circles or commercial research laboratories suggested by A.P.Wierzbicki and Y.Nakamori. The paper also analyses certain characteristics of virtual organizations that determine specific aspects of personnel management process and reflects on particular models for its implementation. Discussion. The theories and theoretical approaches to managing research teams, encompassed in the study were analyzed specifically in application to scientific organizations in Russia. The main obstacles for their 'direct' use there lie in ethnic, national, and specific cultural characteristics of Russian research facilities, limited use of information technology, and the lack of socio-economic and political stability in the country. Highlights Cultural and historical specificity, as well as the vast variety of types of scientific organizations in Russia, determine the need for the development and considerable modification of the existing methods and techniques for personnel management. Gradually establishing creative environments in Russian research teams that would take into their specific characteristics has a great potential for the practice of personnel management. Carrying out empirical studies on creative productivity – its peaks and the factors that determine them (e.g., age, academic degree) is important for psychological ensuring of personnel management in Russian scientific organizations. ; Введение. В статье рассматривается проблема психологического обеспечения управления кадровой работой в научной организации в России. Впервые проанализированы типы научных организаций в Российской Федерации, возможности и ограничения использования в них зарубежных технологий кадровой работы в свете нарастающих процессов глобализации и информатизации в сфере научно-исследовательской деятельности. Теоретическое обоснование. При выборе теоретического подхода для организации психологического обеспечения кадровой работы важно учитывать тип научной организации в плане характера научно-исследовательской деятельности (теоретическая или прикладная), особенностей финансирования (бюджетное, коммерческое, смешанное), место научно-исследовательской деятельности в профессиональном поле научного сотрудника (основная и единственная или неосновная, дополнительная). Результаты. Проанализированы следующие теории и теоретические модели: модель пиков творческой продуктивности научного сотрудника (G.J.Feist), модель подарочной экономики в области научно-исследовательской деятельности (K.Vermeir) и гибридные модели. Проанализирована концепция мотивации научной деятельности Т.В.Разиной, позволяющая оценить роль десяти типов мотивационных субсистем в процессе осуществления научно-исследовательской деятельности и разработки систем ее стимулирования. Рассмотрены теоретические модели создания творческих сред: динамическая теория создания знаний в организации, разработанная коллективом исследователей во главе с I.Nonaka, которая может быть применима в любой организации, и модель творческой среды для научно-исследовательского процесса в академических кругах или коммерческих научно-исследовательских лабораториях, предложенная в работе A.P.Wierzbicki, Y.Nakamori. Проанализированы некоторые особенности виртуальных организаций, определяющие специфику кадровой работы в них и некоторые модели осуществления этого процесса. Обсуждение результатов. Рассмотренные зарубежные теории и теоретические подходы к управлению научными коллективами проанализированы применительно к научным организациям в России. Невозможность их «прямого» использования обусловлена этнонациональной и культурной спецификой, ограниченным использованием информационных технологий и отсутствием социально-экономической и политической стабильности в стране. Основные положения многообразие типов научных организаций в России и наличие культурной и исторической специфики требуют разработки и значительной адаптации существующих приемов и технологий кадровой работы; перспективным представляется постепенное внедрение творческих сред в научно-исследовательские коллективы с учетом российской специфики; важным моментом для организации психологического сопровождения кадровой работы в научных организациях России является проведение эмпирических исследований пиков творческой продуктивности и факторов (возраст, степень и т.п.), их обуславливающих.

In the article, the authors show that the main institutions of scientific efficiency are the institutions that publish scientific articles in Russian and international journals as well as monographs, scientific conference abstracts, pre-prints, reviews, reports, and also the institutions that register patents. The purpose of the research is the development of the indicator for the evaluation of the dysfunction of the institutions of scientific efficiency depending on different types of transaction coasts; and verification of the authors' indicator of scientific efficiency by the empirical study of the scientific organizations' activities. In the research, we applied the methods of the system, logical and economic analysis. The empirical information was processed using the methods of statistical analysis and correlation analysis. On the basis of different scientific efficiency of the central and regional institutions confirmed by Scopus data, the authors have proved that the scientific efficiency of regional scientific institutions and central ones need to be analysed separately. We have determined the dysfunctions of these institutions depending on different types of transaction coasts. We have developed the indicator for the assessment of the dysfunction of scientific efficiency institutions depending on different types of transaction coasts. The authors have introduced the indicator of scientific efficiency equal to the ratio of the dynamics of the increment of scientific results to the dynamics of the increase of transaction coasts. Depending on a type of the analyzed transaction coasts, the indicator of scientific efficiency illustrates the efficiency of various economic institutions. On the basis of the analysis of the research findings of the middle Urals' scientific organizations, we have arrived at the conclusion that the institutions that publish articles in the Russian and foreign scientific journals are efficient. We defined the dysfunctions of the institutions that publish articles in the Russian and foreign scientific journals depending on different types of transaction coasts. The authors conclude that it is efficient to increase certain types of transaction coasts. The received results can be applied by regional scientific institutions to increase the efficiency of their scientific activity. ; Russian Science Foundation, RSF: 14–18–00574, 14–18–00574, 14–18–00574, 14–18–00574 ; Russian Foundation for Basic Research, RFBR: 16–36–00097 ; Russian Science Foundation, RSF: 14–18–00574, 14–18–00574, 14–18–00574, 14–18–00574 ; Russian Foundation for Basic Research, RFBR: 16–36–00369, 17–06– 00537, 15–06–090994 ; Russian Humanitarian Foundation, RHF: 16–12–34015 ; Russian Foundation for Basic Research, RFBR: 16–32–01081 ; Government Council on Grants, Russian Federation ; Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, Minobrnauka: RFMEFI57216X0004 ; Council on grants of the President of the Russian Federation: MK-2752.2015.4 ; The research has been supported by the Grant of the Russian Science Foundation (the Project № 14–18–00574 "The information-analytical system "Anticrisis:" diagnostics of the regions, threat assessment and scenario forecasting for the preservation and strengthening of economic security and well-being of Russia). ; The article has been prepared with the support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research № 16–36–00097 «Economic and mathematical modelling of the regional metallurgical complex repositioning process in the conditions of new industrialization of the economy». ; The research has been supported by the Grant of Russian Science Foundation (Project № 14–18–00574 "Information and analytical "Anticrisis" system: diagnostics of regions, threat assessments and scenario forecasting for the purpose to preserve and strengthen the economic security and improve the well-being of Russia"). ; The article has been supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research № 15–06–090994, 16–36–00369, 17–06– 00537. ; The article has been supported by the Russian Foundation for Humanities (Project № 16–12–34015). ; The article has been prepared with the support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, the Project № 16–32–01081. ; The article has been supported by the Government of the Russian Federation (Resolution No. 211 of 16 March, 2013), Agreement No. 02.A03.21.0011. ; The article has been supported by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation within the project «Development of a set of measures and mechanisms for the increase in the efficiency of the international cooperation in new production technologies» (the unique identifier of the project RFMEFI57216X0004). ; The authors of the articles thank for the support the Council for Grants of the President of the Russian Federation for the state support of the young Russian PhD scientists (Grant No MK-2752.2015.4).

Within the framework of the FP7 project "START" the cooperation with European research centres has had a positive impact on raising the level of innovation researches and the introduction of innovations Institute for Superhard Materials of the National Academy of Sciences (ISM NAS) of Ukraine in the economy of Europe and Ukraine, which in turn permits to speeds up the way for Ukrainian science to the European research area through the creation in Ukraine the scientific organizations of innovative type.

Review of the monograph A.I. Kazannik "Scientific organization of administrative work in state and municipal institutions in Russia" first published in limited edition in 2004.

Within the framework of the FP7 project "START" the cooperation with European research centres has had a positive impact on raising the level of innovation researches and the introduction of innovations Institute for Superhard Materials of the National Academy of Sciences (ISM NAS) of Ukraine in the economy of Europe and Ukraine, which in turn permits to speeds up the way for Ukrainian science to the European research area through the creation in Ukraine the scientific organizations of innovative type.

The results of examining sites of scientific organizations of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences are given. Particular attention is paid at siting information about the library and its activities, providing search capabilities in electronic catalogs and databases of libraries, informing about remote resources.

The article presents an analysis of scientific performance of research and development organizations, which was conducted on the basis of a Database containing information about the performance of scientific organizations that perform research, development and technological work for civil purposes. The results of the analysis of performance indicators of scientific activities of organizations based on data for 2018 in research areas, in particular, the indicators of WoS publications, as well as the results of intellectual activity created and used by organizations, are presented.