Suchergebnisse

"Stateless socialism‖" is the fourth chapter of Edward Abramowski's book Socialism and State. A Contribution to the Critique of Contemporary Socialism. Abramowski, a Polish political philosopher and social theorist, was also one of the founders of the cooperative movement in Poland. Written at the turn of 1903 and 1904 and published in 1904 (Polish Society of Publishers, Lviv) under the alias ―M. A. Czajkowski‖, Socialism and State is one of Abramowski's most important works, and is devoted to the philosophical justifications of socialist politics, the subversive character of social facts, and the doctrine of stateless socialism, the realisation of which was, according to Abramowski, the cooperative movement. In opposition to both classical Marxism and the social-democratic trend, which found in the state a tool by which the workers' movement would free itself from the chains of capitalism, by taking over, democratizing, and at the same time expanding state institutions, Abramowski proposes a vision of a grassroots revolution of specialised associations. Their ideology does not constitute a political doctrine, but is political practice itself, the domain of the common that allows the masses to create an autonomous subjective experience. Thus, the philosopher presents his concept of class struggle, grasped as a creative element of differentiation of forms of socialisation. This understanding also allows him to define class not as a substantial feature of a political subject, but as a kind of condition or action. He perceives the revolution as a transformation of the subject position in relation to the socio-economic conditions that define it, an ethical change that opens new possibilities for community life in the heart of the ancien regime.

THIS ARTICLE, ORIGINALLY PUBLISHED IN THE FIRST ISSUE OF THIS JOURNAL, WAS CONTRIBUTED BY THE WORLD-FAMOUS PHYSICIST ALBERT EINSTEIN. IT IS REPRINTED TO COMMEMORATE THE FIRST ISSUE OF THIS PUBLICATION'S FIFTIETH YEAR. THE ARTICLE EXAMINES SOCIALISM FROM A SCIENTIFIC PERSPECTIVE, WITH SOCIALISM BEING DIRECTED TOWARDS A SOCIAL-ETHICAL END. EINSTEIN ASSERTS THAT THE RELATIONSHIP OF THE INDIVIDUAL TO SOCIETY, WITH THE INDIVIDUAL BECOMING MORE CONSCIOUS THAN EVER OF HIS DEPENDENCE UPON SOCIETY, CONSTITUTES THE ESSENCE OF THE CRISIS OF OUR TIME. HE ALSO CONTENDS THAT THE CRIPPLING OF INDIVIDUALS IS THE WORST EVIL OF CAPITALISM, AND THAT THE ONLY WAY TO ELIMINATE GRAVE EVILS IS THROUGH THE ESTABLISHMENT OF A SOCIALIST ECONOMY, ACCOMPANIED BY AN EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM WHICH IS ORIENTED TOWARD SOCIAL GOALS.