Suchergebnisse

This study aims to analyse the role of a corps under the Indonesian National Police, known as Air and Water Police Corps (Ditpolair Korpolairud Baharkam) to strengthen national defence. Being on the equator makes Indonesia rich in natural resources, but, its strategic position also poses a threat, especially in the defence and security sector in border areas, both regional and international trade routes. The actual threats at trade crossings where about 40% of trade routes pass through Indonesia are the high cases of smuggling of illegal goods, human trafficking, illegal fishing, and many other cases that occur in Indonesian waters. In accordance with Article 6 of Law Number 34 Year 2004 that the Indonesian Navy as the main component functions as an antidote, act and restore the condition of state security. The Indonesian Navy as a Military Defence Force has a heavy role because as a military, police, diplomacy and support, it also functions as a marine controller and power projection. While Non-militer Defence entities such as the National Police, Indonesian Ministry of Marine and Fisheries Affairs (KKP), Indonesian Maritime Security Agency (Bakamla) as the coordinator. The normative juridical approach has been used and qualitative research methods are explained in descriptive analysis. The result shows that Ditpolair Korpolairud Baharkam carried out their roles as mandated by laws and regulations and the need for communication and coordination in synergy with all defence forces handling maritime, so that the integrity of Indonesia remained intact.

A variety of issues emerged during the period under review. Of particular consequence were those associated with law & order, economic management, Northern Territory national parks, the Northern Territory Public Service, Territory representation in the Commonwealth parliament, education, indigenous affairs, the Territory parliament, statehood for the Territory & leadership of the Country Liberal Party (CLP) Opposition. As Nicholas Rothwell observed at the end of the period, "Halfway through her first four-year term in office, Clare Martin, the controlled, elegant Northern Territory Chief Minister, radiates all the calm of a discreet revolutionist who knows her program is on track. The conservative opposition is conveniently tearing itself apart in a protracted leadership struggle. The big economic projects Martin inherited & invigorated are coming to spectacular fruition" (The Weekend Australian, 28-29 June 2003). There were, however, at least some serious difficulties for her Labor administration. Adapted from the source document.

This evaluation examines the Northern Territory Emergency Response (NTER), which was initiated in June 2007, from a whole-of-government perspective. The requirement for an independent, outcome-focused evaluation is a key feature of the National Partnership Agreement for Closing the Gap in the Northern Territory, which committed to a joint evaluation with the Northern Territory Government in 2011–12. This report assesses the outcomes from both the initial emergency phase of the NTER and the redesign and stabilisation under the Closing the Gap in the Northern Territory National Partnership Agreement. The overall aim of this evaluation was to examine whether the measures, both individually and collectively, have been effective and comprehensive and have led to improved and sustainable outcomes in safety, health, education and employment. It also sought to examine how well coordination and engagement have been conducted. ; Overview -- Background -- Research into community safety, wellbeing and service provision -- Coordination and management -- Promoting law and order -- Improving child and family health -- Supporting families -- Enhancing education -- Welfare reform and employment -- Housing and land reform.

AbstractIn 1905, Viceroy Nathaniel Curzon applied well-worn principles of imperial order to reorganize northeastern regions of British India, bringing the entire Meghna-Brahmaputra river basin into one new administrative territory: the province of Eastern Bengal and Assam. He thereby launched modern territorial politics in South Asia by provoking an expansive and ultimately victorious nationalist agitation to unify Bengal and protect India's territorial integrity. This movement and its economic programme (swadeshi) expressed Indian nationalist opposition to imperial inequity. It established a permanent spatial frame for Indian national thought. It also expressed and naturalized spatial inequity inside India, which was increasing at the time under economic globalization. Spatial inequities in the political economy of uneven development have animated territorial politics in South Asia ever since. A century later, another acceleration of globalization is again increasing spatial inequity, again destabilizing territorial order, as nationalists naturalize spatial inequity in national territory and conflicts erupt from the experience of living in disadvantaged places. Remapping 1905 in the long twentieth century which connects these two periods of globalization, spanning eras of empire and nation, reveals spatial dynamics of modernity concealed by national maps and brings to light a transnational history of spatial inequity shared by Bangladesh and Northeast India.

1. Methodische Vorüberlegungen -- 1.1 Elemente einer Raumsoziologie in historischer Perspektive -- 1.2 Prämissen, Vorgehensweise und Anlage der Untersuchung -- 2. Forschungsstand -- 3. Quellenlage -- I. Grenzenlose Herrschaft? Herrschaft und Raum im Mittelalter -- 1. Mittelalterliche Herrschaft zwischen Land, Staat und Territorium -- 2. Elemente vormoderner (Flächen-)Herrschaft -- 3. Grenzen im Mittelalter -- 3.1 Grenzterminologien -- 3.2 Grenzen im frühen und hohen Mittelalter -- 4. Fazit: Kontinuität und Wandel territorial-räumlicher Herrschaft -- II. Vormoderne Verfahren zur Beschreibung und Markierung von Grenzen -- 1. Verbale Beschreibungen -- 2. Materielle Markierungen im Feld -- 2.1 Naturräumliche Gegebenheiten -- 2.2 Natürliche und künstliche Objekte -- 2.3 Grenzpfähle, -steine und -säulen -- 2.4 Richtstätten -- 2.5 Befestigungs- und Verteidigungssysteme -- 2.6 Zwischenfazit -- 3. Symbolische Markierungen im Feld -- 3.1 Versteinungen und Umgänge -- 3.2 Außerordentliche Inszenierungen von Herrschaft auf der Grenze -- 3.3 Zwischenfazit -- 4. Vermessung und Kartierung -- 4.1 Mittelalterliche Universalkartographie -- 4.2 Frühe Regionalkarten -- 4.3 Vermessungswesen -- 4.4 Zwischenfazit -- 5. Fazit: Die Immaterialität vormoderner Grenzen -- III. Wissenschaftliche Innovation und räumliche Herrschaftsrepräsentation in der Frühen Neuzeit -- 1. Vermessungswesen und Instrumentenbau -- 2. Landesbeschreibung und Staatenkunde -- 3. Kartographie -- 3.1 Die Regionalisierung der Kartographie in der Frühen Neuzeit -- 3.2 Karten als Instrument von Herrschaft und Verwaltung -- 3.2.1 Landesaufnahmen -- 3.2.2 Grundstücks-, Flur- und Gemarkungskarten -- 3.2.3 Karten vor Gericht -- 3.3 Karten als herrschaftliches Repräsentationsmittel.

For all too obvious reasons, war, empire, and military conflict have become extremely hot topics in the academy. Given the changing nature of war, one of the more promising areas of scholarly investigation has been the development of new theories of war and war's impact on society. War, Citizenship, Territory features 19 chapters that look at the impact of war and militarism on citizenship, whether traditional territorially-bound national citizenship or ""transnational"" citizenship. Cowen and Gilbert argue that while there has been an explosion of work on citizenship and territory, Western ac

The 1972 ABM Treaty between the USSR and the USA allowed for the deployment of a limited strategic missile defense system, but established a strict ban on the deployment of anti-missile systems outside their national territory. The agreement was the first turn in the U.S. policy in this area, determining the direction and content of missile defense development programs for many years to come. Once every ten years, the United States revised its policy, for instance, R. Reagan's intention in 1983 to build a large-scale space-based missile defense system was seen as an attempt to move away from the concept of mutual nuclear deterrence, enshrined in the ABM Treaty. However, only after its withdrawal from the ABM Treaty in 2002, the United States set a course for the deployment of a missile defense system in Europe, as stated, to protect the region from nuclear missile threats from "rogue states". At the present stage, the growing degradation of relations between Russia and Western countries, especially against the backdrop of hostilities in Ukraine, has led NATO states to put forward new approaches to the integration of missile defense and air defense systems, providing for the functional interface of information management systems and strike components for the successful interception of different classes of targets. The experience of providing Ukraine with integrated defense and its functioning on the basis of modern Western air defense systems will allow the U.S. / NATO to evaluate the effectiveness of the chosen approach and apply the knowledge gained to improve Europe's "anti-missile umbrella". The article proposes the author's periodization of American policy in the field of missile defense, as well as considers each of the identified stages with special emphasis on the last one, which is directly related to the current political situation.

"Contemporary international migration makes border controls, bounded citizenship, and sovereign jurisdictions appear increasingly outdated. These policy tools are poor responses to a world characterized by cross-border mobility, transnational interconnections and global diaspora. Are there viable alternatives to this system of territorial and exclusive states?This book takes a historical trajectory, exploring governments' use of different territorial strategies to manage migration at specific moments during the evolution of the international system, from centralization in Renaissance Italy and expansion under the British Empire to the integration of the European Union. Vigneswaran shows how under each of these regimes, political thinkers and rulers draw upon a 'mental map' - a specific way of imagining political space - to devise their systems of jurisdiction, belonging and immigration control. Using evidence of territorial variation and reform, this book looks to the future of migration regimes beyond the territorially exclusive state."--