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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to engage readers with Unity Productions Foundation (UPF) films, which provide a powerful, inspirational digital tool for teachers. The organization's mission is to create documentaries, films and educational materials that contribute to bringing to light compelling stories of Muslim engagement through history and culture. UPF films and educational projects aim to promote peace and understanding to increase cultural pluralism and counter bigotry in our world.Design/methodology/approachTeachers will be able to utilize the resources provided in this paper to harness the power of media in their classrooms. Outlining the process by which teachers can follow the C3 inquiry using the film Prince Among Slaves will prepare teachers to see the alignment of the C3 Framework with their teaching. The "best practice" classroom strategies in structuring deliberations are ones that encourage students to fully participate and emphasize their voice.FindingsThis paper will unpack the practice methods that address the film Prince Among Slaves to be of benefit when sharing narratives through digital film and engage students in critical thinking through the C3 Framework. UPF films are the product of scholarly research and innovative production teams as the films provide the opportunity to visualize and explore multiple perspectives to understand historical content by providing a context for inquiry teaching and learning that is inclusive through deliberative discussions in the classroom.Originality/value The author certifies that this manuscript submission is original work and that all authors were involved in the intellectual elaboration of the manuscript and all parties have been acknowledged.

The C3 Framework encourages ambitious inquiry-based social studies teaching. While inquiry is regularly recommended as a preferred pedagogy, research has shown that social studies teachers rarely engage students in inquiry. This exploratory study surveyed social studies teachers in one school district in a southeastern state to update our understanding of teachers' instructional beliefs and practices related to inquiry and the C3 Framework. Survey responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics and open coding. Findings indicate that the majority of teachers use instructional practices that may be supportive of the C3 Framework and that the ideas within the C3 Framework resonate with most respondents. At the same time, teachers reported challenges with some key concepts within the Framework, such as taking informed action in the classroom and using questions to initiate an inquiry. While the idea of inquiry as espoused by the C3 Framework resonated with teachers, the extent to which they both believe in and practice inquiry methods is unclear and necessitates further study. This study is an initial step to inform future research and efforts to implement the C3 Framework in K-12 social studies classrooms.

The Common Core Standards (CCS) for English Language Arts and College, Career, and Civic Life Framework (C3) require social studies educators to reconsider connections between literacy and history teaching. In this article we examine three perspectives on literacy teaching: content area literacy, disciplinary literacy, and critical literacy. While some scholars see these perspectives as contradictory or in competition, we demonstrate how content, disciplinary, and critical literacy teaching can complement each other and facilitate teaching to and beyond the CCS standards and C3 framework in intermediate, middle school, and high school history instruction. Our article includes teaching examples as well as appendices of teacher resources.

PurposeThe C3 Framework is a recent example in a long history within the field of social studies education of efforts to engage teachers and students in inquiry-oriented teaching and learning. While there is some research regarding the efficacy of the inquiry design model (IDM) of the C3 Framework, few studies have sought to engage social studies teachers as coresearchers as they integrate the framework. This study addressed a persistent divide between the theory and practice of integrating inquiry in the social studies.Design/methodology/approachIn this study, a classroom teacher and a university-based researcher conducted a hybrid action research study to understand the instructional shifts that occur as the C3 Framework is fully implemented into instruction.FindingsBased on the findings, the authors present a theory of action to highlight key opportunities to shift instruction, while also acknowledging the factors that might mitigate those shifts. In particular, the authors focus on teacher decision-making and contextual factors that allow for and hinder the full integration of inquiry.Originality/valueThis study is unique in developing a hybrid action research/qualitative case study that provides insider knowledge related to improving social studies teaching and learning.

Tortajada, Agustín et alt. ; C3 glomerulopathies (C3G) are a group of severe renal diseases with distinct patterns of glomerular inflammation and C3 deposition caused by complement dysregulation. Here we report the identification of a familial C3G-associated genomic mutation in the gene complement factor H-related 1 (CFHR1), which encodes FHR1. The mutation resulted in the duplication of the N-terminal short consensus repeats (SCRs) that are conserved in FHR2 and FHR5. We determined that native FHR1, FHR2, and FHR5 circulate in plasma as homo- and hetero-oligomeric complexes, the formation of which is likely mediated by the conserved N-terminal domain. In mutant FHR1, duplication of the N-terminal domain resulted in the formation of unusually large multimeric FHR complexes that exhibited increased avidity for the FHR1 ligands C3b, iC3b, and C3dg and enhanced competition with complement factor H (FH) in surface plasmon resonance (SPR) studies and hemolytic assays. These data revealed that FHR1, FHR2, and FHR5 organize a combinatorial repertoire of oligomeric complexes and demonstrated that changes in FHR oligomerization influence the regulation of complement activation. In summary, our identification and characterization of a unique CFHR1 mutation provides insights into the biology of the FHRs and contributes to our understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms underlying C3G. Copyright © 2013, American Society for Clinical Investigation. ; Work in this report was funded by the Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (SAF2011-26583), the Fundación Renal Iñigo Alvarez de Toledo and the 7FP European Union project EURenOmics to S. Rodríguez de Córdoba; the "Ramón Areces" Foundation, the Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (SAF2011-22988), and the "Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Cáncer(RTICC)" (RD06/0020/1001) to O. Llorca; the Spanish "Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad" (PI0900268) to P. Sánchez-Corral; the MRC UK (G0701298) to C.L. Harris; and the Spanish "Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad" (PS09/00122) to M. López Trascasa. In addition, this work was supported by a grant from the Autonomous Region of Madrid (S2010/BMD-2316) to S. Rodríguez de Córdoba, O. Llorca, M. López Trascasa, and P. Sánchez-Corral. M.C. Pickering is a Wellcome Trust Senior Fellow in Clinical Science (WT098476MA). H. Yébenes was supported by a postdoctoral contract by the RTICC, and C. Abarrategui-Garrido was supported by the "Fundación de Investigación Biomédica del Hospital Universitario La Paz." ; Peer reviewed

Im Mittelpunkt dieser Studie steht die Beziehung zwischen Politik und Medien, welche bereits zu vielfältigen Untersuchungen angeregt hat1. Der diskutierte Strukturwandel der politischen Kommunikation und der Öffentlichkeit dient auch hier als Grundhypothese zur Diskussion über die Kommunikation der Regierung mit den Medien. Zentral sind dabei Fragen zur politischen Regierungskommunikation2 nach außen, die sich bezüglich der veränderten Konstellation in Entscheidungsprozessen der Großen Koalition stellen. Diese Konstellation zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass die Union und SPD als politische Hauptgegner zusammenarbeiten müssen und eine funktionsfähige Regierungsarbeit zu leisten haben. Dabei handelt es sich um zunehmend komplexer werdende Entscheidungsfelder, die entsprechend kommuniziert und legitimiert werden müssen, um dem Repräsentativmodell des Regierungssystems gerecht zu werden. Wie sich die Regierungskommunikation der Bundesregierung verändert hat und, ob Veränderungen feststellbar sind, ist das Hauptanliegen dieser Arbeit. Wie und ob sich die Regierungskommunikation gewandelt hat, wird vor dem Hintergrund der Erfordernisse der »Medien- und Informationsgesellschaft« und ihrer theoretischen Grundlagen analysiert. Folgerichtig ist die Leitfrage der vorliegenden Arbeit: »Welche Veränderungen in der Außenkommunikation von Rot-Grün zu Schwarz-Rot haben stattgefunden?« Die Bedeutung dieser Fragestellung für die politikwissenschaftliche Forschung im Bereich politischer Kommunikation ergibt sich erstens aus der Frage nach den Kanälen der Vermittlung politischer Inhalte und zweitens aus den Rollen, die die genuin politischen Akteure und politischen Sprecher als ihre Berater und Vermittler gegenüber Journalisten einnehmen3. Der Forschungsstand zur Thematik der Regierungskommunikation indes ist bislang einigermaßen überschaubar (Kamps/Nieland 2006a; Köhler/Schuster 2006; Jun 2004; Ders. 2007a; Pfetsch 2003a; Dies. 2003b; Tenscher 2003). Es gibt kein umfassendes Werk, das sich eingehend ausschließlich mit Regierungskommunikation beschäftigt. Diese Untersuchung wird als Versuch gesehen, die Veränderungen im Bezug auf Regierungskommunikation als Kommunikation über Regierung in einer postmodernen Mediengesellschaft, in den spezifischen Akteursfeldern zu erhellen. Die Leitfrage stützt sich auf die parteipolitische Zusammensetzung der Großen Koalition und die Kommunikation der Regierungsparteien nach der Regierungsbildung. Hiervon ausgehend wird die These aufgestellt, dass Veränderungen zwar stattgefunden haben und immer noch stattfinden, deren Auswirkungen auf Regierungskommunikation aber nicht so gravierend sind, als dass von einer grundsätzlichen Modifikation der Regierungskommunikation gesprochen werden kann. Es sind eher Anpassungsprozesse, bedingt durch die zunehmende Relevanz elektronischer Medien, aber vor allem Anpassungsprozesse, die ihren Ursprung in gesamtgesellschaftlichen Umwälzungen haben, an denen sich zwangsläufig auch Regierungskommunikation orientieren muss, will sie das Bestehen einer Regierung kommunikativ begleiten und so legitimieren. Es scheint gleichzeitig zu derartigen Transformationsprozessen eine Kontinuität des operativen Teils der Regierungskommunikation zu geben, zu dem ein vorsichtigerer Umgang mit Inszenierungen der Persönlichkeit von Spitzenpolitikern (sog. »Personalisierung«; siehe 3.4) und einer Inszenierung der Inszenierung als Metakommunikation über politische Kommunikation gehört.

This study analyzed gender balance in the texts and illustrations of three recently published, high school US history textbooks and one alternate volume of American history. In all of the American history texts analyzed there were significantly more males than females in text content and illustrations. These textbooks focused on the contributions of those famous Americans who have been a part of the historical record. The record is skewed with regard to gender, leaving teachers and students with the arduous task of acknowledging the absence of women while attempting to fill in the gaps through their own research and resources. Standards committees and textbook publishers should change their focus and teachers and students should confront gender imbalance by integrating high quality women's history resources into the classroom with web-based resources, family and community history projects, young adult literature, history textbook analysis, and the vision of the C3 Framework.