Suchergebnisse

THE SECOND FRONT CALGARY HERALD Wed., June 26,1991 A3 Something's fishy about Buffalo Lake diversion • Klein will have to wear the horns if environment suffers EDMONTON Buffalo Lake will rise, and we will never smell fishier timing i f they stock the thing with ripe sardines. The news conference to announce approval of the water diversion near Premier Don Getty's land was held at the most dubious time possible. It happened at 3 p. m. Tuesday, sev­eral blocks from the legislature, in the middle of Question Period on the final day of the session, with the premier OPINION Don Braid 3 Herald columnist L working extremely hard in Paris, France. Today there will be no forum for op­position leaders to ask questions, and the premier is hardly likely to be dis­tracted from his heavy schedule of ex­ceptionally important meetings. Did we mention that he is in Paris, France? Don Thorne, the former Lacombe mayor who chaired the review panel, said during the Buffalo Lake hearings that the report would be ready no later than June 17. It arrived June 25, just as the session petered out. Whatever the reasons for the delay, doubt wasn't among them. The three-member panel decided unequivocally that the project should go ahead. They listed 43 previous studies of the idea, but were undeterred by the doubts ex­pressed in any of them. Thorne allowed that " there will be a positive impact on economic develop­ment, lakewise." There will also be an undeniable benefit for Getty's fortunes in Stettler, electionwise. The project is extremely popular in the area. The hearings were amazing for their enthusiasm and lack of opposi­tion. At one point, after environment de­partment officials gave an upbeat ap­praisal, Thorne urged the crowd to re­ward them with a round of applause, and the locals obliged. The panel certainly reflected the feelings of local residents, and for that reason the approval is probably justi­fied. It would hardly be fair i f province-wide suspicions about politics killed a project most people i n the area want. It should be clear, too, that this wa­ter diversion is far from an ecological disaster. There have been mixed opinions about this for years, but Ralph Klein's people now say it's resonable. If any­thing goes wrong, Klein will have to an­swer for the mistake. It's probably true, too, that i f the project happened in any other riding it would probably get very little public at­tention. But there's now a fixed public im­pression that this project is going ahead because Getty wanted it. And he will benefit as much as other area land­holders from any increase in property values, as Thorne conceded Tuesday. In law, there's nothing whatever wrong with this. Politically, it's as foolish as Tuesday's fishy timing.

Context The bourgeoning carbon economy is creating novel ways to incentivise conservation management activities that have the co-benefits of reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and social inequality. Aim To estimate the monetary value of carbon credits that landowners could generate by reducing ecologically destructive feral populations of the Asian water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) in northern Australia. Methods First, we estimated buffalo enteric emissions based on the population structure of feral buffalo in northern Australia, and discounted the reduction of fire emissions due to the consumption of grassy fuel by feral buffalo. We then predicted the change in buffalo population size across the South Alligator River region of Kakadu National Park under four buffalo management scenarios: (1) no buffalo control; (2) low-intensity buffalo control; (3) moderate-intensity buffalo control; and (4) high-intensity buffalo control. We quantified the reduction of GHG emissions under the three buffalo control scenarios, relative to the scenario of no buffalo control, while discounting the GHG emissions that directly result from buffalo control actions (e.g. helicopter emissions). Key results All three buffalo control scenarios substantially reduced the estimated GHG emissions that would otherwise have been produced. The low-intensity buffalo control scenario was predicted to abate 790 513 t CO2-e over the 20-year simulation, worth USD15 076 085 (or USD753 804 year−1). Our high-intensity buffalo control scenario had the greatest reduction in GHG emissions, with a total net abatement of 913 231 t CO2-e, worth USD17 176 437 (or USD858 822 year−1). Conclusions The potential value of carbon credits generated by controlling feral buffalo populations in northern Australian savannas far exceeds the management costs. Implications The management of feral ruminants could be incentivised by the generation of carbon credits. Such management could simultaneously avoid GHG emissions, generate income for landowners and offer significant ecological benefits.

A12 CALGARY HERALD Thurs., March 28,1991 Buffalo Lake scheme too costly, study says By Ashley Geddes ( Herald Edmonton bureau) EDMONTON — A plan to boost the water level in Buffalo Lake near Premier Don Getty's country estate will cost more than it's worth, a study shows. A consultant's study released Wednesday estimates the econom­ic benefits at $ 2 million less than the $ 13.1 million project's cost. The cost- benefit analysis in the study by Environmental Manage­ment Associates shows that most of the quantifiable benefits of the project would accrue to existing and future cottage owners near the lake. Getty, who built a home over­looking the lake after winning a byelection in the Stettler riding, shrugged off opposition criticism of the project, saying it's still be­ing reviewed and no final decision has been made. But New Democrat environ­ment critic John Mclnnis ques­tioned why the government is pushing ahead with a project that's a loser from an economic point of view. Mclnnis noted the study shows nearly all of the $ 11 million in economic benefits will go to prop­erty owners in the vicinity of the lake. Mclnnis asked Getty in the legislature to justify why taxpay­ers' money is going " to support a project which is an economic los­er and benefits only the property owners in the area." But Speaker David Carter pre­vented Getty from answering the question, saying: " That's not within your responsibility to answer." Later, Mclnnis said it's clear the only reason the government is pursuing the project is because the premier lives on the lake. Mclnnis noted that numerous previous studies showed the proj­ect wasn't advisable, and could cause algae growth on the lake. The government only resurrect­ed the project after Getty moved into the area, Mclnnis said. Environment Minister Ralph Klein announced Wednesday a three- man panel will conduct pub­lic environmental hearings on the project. But Mclnnis argued the proj­ect should be reviewed by the province's new Natural Resources Conservation Board, established to review the environmental im­pact of development projects. Getty said the NRCB is not ready to proceed with its man­date, adding " this item has all the documents and all the informa­tion to go ahead."

A12 CALGARY HERALD Thurs., March 28,1991 Buffalo Lake scheme too costly, study says By Ashley Geddes ( Herald Edmonton bureau) EDMONTON — A plan to boost the water level in Buffalo Lake near Premier Don Getty's country estate will cost more than it's worth, a study shows. A consultant's study released Wednesday estimates the econom­ic benefits at $ 2 million less than the $ 13.1 million project's cost. The cost- benefit analysis in the study by Environmental Manage­ment Associates shows that most of the quantifiable benefits of the project would accrue to existing and future cottage owners near the lake. Getty, who built a home over­looking the lake after winning a byelection in the Stettler riding, shrugged off opposition criticism of the project, saying it's still be­ing reviewed and no final decision has been made. But New Democrat environ­ment critic John Mclnnis ques­tioned why the government is pushing ahead with a project that's a loser from an economic point of view. Mclnnis noted the study shows nearly all of the $ 11 million in economic benefits will go to prop­erty owners in the vicinity of the lake. Mclnnis asked Getty in the legislature to justify why taxpay­ers' money is going " to support a project which is an economic los­er and benefits only the property owners in the area." But Speaker David Carter pre­vented Getty from answering the question, saying: " That's not within your responsibility to answer." Later, Mclnnis said it's clear the only reason the government is pursuing the project is because the premier lives on the lake. Mclnnis noted that numerous previous studies showed the proj­ect wasn't advisable, and could cause algae growth on the lake. The government only resurrect­ed the project after Getty moved into the area, Mclnnis said. Environment Minister Ralph Klein announced Wednesday a three- man panel will conduct pub­lic environmental hearings on the project. But Mclnnis argued the proj­ect should be reviewed by the province's new Natural Resources Conservation Board, established to review the environmental im­pact of development projects. Getty said the NRCB is not ready to proceed with its man­date, adding " this item has all the documents and all the informa­tion to go ahead."

Abstract
Evidence from increasing mineralization, micropollutant concentrations, waterborne epidemics, an algal boom, and dissolved organic matter has provided substantial evidence that climate change impacts water quality. While the impact of the extreme hydrological event (EHE) on water quality (WQ) has aroused considerable research interest, research uncertainty has been premised on WQ data scarcity, a short time frame, data non-linearity, data structure, and environmental biases on WQ. This study conceptualized a categorical and periodic correlation using confusion matrices and wavelet coherence for varying standard hydrological drought index (SHDI; 1971–2010) and daily WQ series (1977–2011) of four spatially distinct basins. By condensing the WQ variables using chemometric analyses, confusion matrices were assessed by cascading the SHDI series into 2-, 3-, and 5-phase scenarios. 2-phase revealed an overall accuracy (0.43–0.73), sensitivity analysis (0.52–1.00), and Kappa coefficient (− 0.13 to 0.14), which declines substantially with the phase increase, suggesting the disruptive impact of EHE on WQ. Wavelet coherence depicted the substantial ($${R}_{n}^{2}\left(u,s\right)\ge 0.5$$


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n

2


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s

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) mid- and long-term (8–32 days; 6–128 days) co-movement of streamflow over WQ, confirming the varying sensitivity of WQ variables. Land use/land cover mapping and the Gibbs diagram corroborate the eventful WQ evolution by EHE and their spatial variability concerning landscape transformation. Overall, the study deduced that hydrologic extreme triggers substantial WQ disruption with dissimilar WQ sensitivity. Consequently, suitable chemometric indicators of EHE impacts such as WQ index, nitrate-nitrogen, and Larson index at designated landscapes were identified for extreme chemodynamics impact assessment. This study proffers a recommendation for monitoring and managing the impact of climate change, floods, and drought on water quality.

• During a 24 hour period ending at 11 P.M., 1,237 new cases were reported and 55 deaths.• Dr. Franklin C. Gram has forbidden meetings of more than ten persons, and he urges people to wear protective masks. Wearing masks may become a legal requirement. The health department has begun publicly wearing such masks to set a good example. Police, firefighters, and postal workers are requested to wear masks, and Major Brownrigg of Fort Porter has required medical staff there to wear masks. The Red Cross is manufacturing masks. Dr. Charles G. Stockton explained that if everyone in the United States were to wear a mask continuously, the influenza threat would end within ten days. • Mayor Buck has extended the closing to all businesses not engaged in distributing food, medicine, or other essentials. This includes department stores, five-and-dime stores, poolrooms, bowling alleys, ice cream fountains, and swimming pools. Dr. Gram is also concerned that outdoor meetings may be harmful because of exposure to the weather. Exceptions to the closings include government meetings, Liberty Loan business, and military gatherings. A list of the exact closing orders is provided in the article.• City Bacteriologist William G Bissell will speak on prevention and treatment. Finley H. Greene has requested that factory superintendents post newspaper articles related to prevention.• The city will be divided into 21 districts, each led by a health inspector. Health department employees will be available in shifts 24 hours of the day. Police officers will begin distributing literature on influenza care and prevention. Broadside sheets with information will also appear on telegraph poles and in factories.• Dr. Gram intends the health department to manufacture coffins to upset the alleged coffin trust. F.B. Smearing, chief of the bureau of sanitation, is an expert carpenter and will enquire about the coffin supply. He will direct their manufacture in case of a shortage. Dr. Gram has indicated that these coffins will be plain and adequate for use, sold at cost and given freely to the poor. This ensures that influenza dead can be buried within the required 24 hours. Casket orders average 30 per day.• Christian Scientists have been required to close their churches. Catholics and Protestants plan outdoor religious meetings. Monsignor Nelson H Baker has announced that the diocese will hold outdoor Masses their regular times.• Dr. Gram warns the public to beware of "quack" remedy salesmen who peddle ineffective cures. These salesmen will be prosecuted when possible.• Dr. Gram reiterates that treating influenza requires a cathartic, a gargle, and an oil treatment for the nasal passages. The gargle may consist of a teaspoon of salt in a glass of water. Vaseline or olive oil would be sufficient for the oil treatment. Fresh air is essential.• The council of the University of Buffalo has decided to halt instruction. Military work will continue. The University is an army post, and so is under military jurisdiction ; Newspaper article ; 1, 6

The current study aimed at estimating the direct (condemned offal) and indirect (meat, milk, and fecundity losses) production losses due to cystic echinococcosis (CE) in water buffaloes in Turkey. A spreadsheet loss model was constructed, and the mean prevalence ratio of CE was accepted as 3.8% in male and 21.7% in female buffaloes. The annual financial losses were estimated with official and previously published data under expected (mean value), optimistic (lowered by 10%), and pessimistic (increased by 10%) scenarios with the prices current in 2021. The production losses in an infected male and female water buffalo were estimated at $54.5 ($49.1-59.9) and $89.9 ($80.9-98.9), respectively. Due to CE, the nationwide annual total production losses were estimated at $1.5 million ($1.3-1.6) for water buffaloes in Turkey. In conclusion, farmers, policymakers, and the public need to be informed about CE's risks and financial impact. Control/eradication programs should be included in government policies at the national level after a cost/benefit analysis.

Walking on the water fo oor old Buffalo Lake. It never had any preten­sions of grandeur like Lesser Slave Lake or Lake Athabas­ca. It was never a brash, upstart lake like Sylvan, nor did it beg to have its picture taken like that vain Louise. No, Buffalo Lake was perfectly con­tent to be little more than an over­grown prairie slough. Albertans who stumbled upon Rochon Sands Provin­cial Park accepted the lake for what it was: a lovely hideaway for bird- watch­ing and wading. Nobody expected Waikiki, so no one was disappointed. Buffalo Lake prospered in relative obscurity, sparkling under the sum­mer sun without a care in the world, until Premier Don Getty won the Stettler byelection. That's when its troubles began. All of a sudden somebody in Ed­monton resurrected a plan to raise the water level, and stabilize the lake for boaters and swimmers. The idea had been tossed out years earlier be­cause of the environmental consequences, but with the election, it bobbed to the surface like a pop can in Pigeon. Then the premier built his new homestead on land overlooking Buf­falo Lake, later buying 640 acres adja­cent to his property for a reported $ 209,000. His aide said he planned to " throw a few cattle on it" or use it for hunting, but Stettler rumor had it he was planning something bigger — much bigger. Alone at night, Buffalo Lake started to ripple with apprehension. The government began to plan a new environmental study just in case — by some slight error in judgment — the scientific experts had been wrong the first time ( accidents happen, don't they?). Albertans were told that the timing of the new study after the bye­lection was just another coincidence. When West Yellowhead MLA Gerry Doyle questioned the propriety of Getty's lobbying efforts for the $ 15 million Buffalo Lake project so near his own property, the premier replied he was only defending the interests of a community with the potential to be one of Alberta's top tourism areas. Think of it. Majestic Banff, breath­taking Jasper, magnificent Kana-naskis — and Buffalo Lake. " One of the keys to it is having a healthy Buffalo Lake as a recreation-tourism attraction, and we're going to do all the necessary things from an environmental point of view, and then we're going to make it happen," the premier said in early December, taunting his NDP critic: " Isn't it too bad?" Well, Buffalo Lake thought so. The signs were everywhere that the pre­mier just wouldn't leave it in peace. Since Getty had come to the constituency, Stettler had been awarded the 1991 Alberta Summer Games, a $ 500,000 alcohol and drug abuse treatment centre, and $ 750,000 in grants for a new tennis court and other recreation facilities. • Getty has asked environment offi­cials to try to build an experimental waste incinerator for the county. A Calgary firm wants to construct a $ 48 million greenhouse in the area. With all this busy activity, would anyone leave a little lake alone? These days Buffalo Lake sees the writing on the wall. Pitch- and- putt golf courses. Water slides and pony rides. Hot dog stands in the Rochon Sands. Goodbye to the ducks, hello to the weekend yahoos. If bodies of water could weep, this one would weep buckets.

Walking on the water fo oor old Buffalo Lake. It never had any preten­sions of grandeur like Lesser Slave Lake or Lake Athabas­ca. It was never a brash, upstart lake like Sylvan, nor did it beg to have its picture taken like that vain Louise. No, Buffalo Lake was perfectly con­tent to be little more than an over­grown prairie slough. Albertans who stumbled upon Rochon Sands Provin­cial Park accepted the lake for what it was: a lovely hideaway for bird- watch­ing and wading. Nobody expected Waikiki, so no one was disappointed. Buffalo Lake prospered in relative obscurity, sparkling under the sum­mer sun without a care in the world, until Premier Don Getty won the Stettler byelection. That's when its troubles began. All of a sudden somebody in Ed­monton resurrected a plan to raise the water level, and stabilize the lake for boaters and swimmers. The idea had been tossed out years earlier be­cause of the environmental consequences, but with the election, it bobbed to the surface like a pop can in Pigeon. Then the premier built his new homestead on land overlooking Buf­falo Lake, later buying 640 acres adja­cent to his property for a reported $ 209,000. His aide said he planned to " throw a few cattle on it" or use it for hunting, but Stettler rumor had it he was planning something bigger — much bigger. Alone at night, Buffalo Lake started to ripple with apprehension. The government began to plan a new environmental study just in case — by some slight error in judgment — the scientific experts had been wrong the first time ( accidents happen, don't they?). Albertans were told that the timing of the new study after the bye­lection was just another coincidence. When West Yellowhead MLA Gerry Doyle questioned the propriety of Getty's lobbying efforts for the $ 15 million Buffalo Lake project so near his own property, the premier replied he was only defending the interests of a community with the potential to be one of Alberta's top tourism areas. Think of it. Majestic Banff, breath­taking Jasper, magnificent Kana-naskis — and Buffalo Lake. " One of the keys to it is having a healthy Buffalo Lake as a recreation-tourism attraction, and we're going to do all the necessary things from an environmental point of view, and then we're going to make it happen," the premier said in early December, taunting his NDP critic: " Isn't it too bad?" Well, Buffalo Lake thought so. The signs were everywhere that the pre­mier just wouldn't leave it in peace. Since Getty had come to the constituency, Stettler had been awarded the 1991 Alberta Summer Games, a $ 500,000 alcohol and drug abuse treatment centre, and $ 750,000 in grants for a new tennis court and other recreation facilities. • Getty has asked environment offi­cials to try to build an experimental waste incinerator for the county. A Calgary firm wants to construct a $ 48 million greenhouse in the area. With all this busy activity, would anyone leave a little lake alone? These days Buffalo Lake sees the writing on the wall. Pitch- and- putt golf courses. Water slides and pony rides. Hot dog stands in the Rochon Sands. Goodbye to the ducks, hello to the weekend yahoos. If bodies of water could weep, this one would weep buckets.

Context Australian savannas evolved in the absence of hooved mammals and are therefore prone to disturbance from exotic ungulates. Several ungulate species have established feral populations in Australia's northern savannas. Because most ungulate species have high water requirements, seasonal and interannual changes in water availability are likely to affect their behaviour and the extent of their impacts on native ecosystems. However, few studies have investigated how water scarcity affects feral ungulate use of waterpoints in Australia. Aims The aim of this study was to determine whether seasonal and interannual water scarcity affected the visitation behaviours of feral pigs, cattle and water buffalo at ephemeral savanna waterholes within Limmen National Park, Northern Territory, Australia. Methods We used motion-triggered wildlife cameras to study feral ungulate visitation and behaviour at 20 waterholes. Generalised linear mixed-effects models were used to investigate whether the number of visits, duration of visits and number of individuals visiting waterholes varied with year and dry season progression. We also investigated whether these factors affected the amount of time ungulates spent foraging, drinking and wallowing at waterholes. Key results All three species visited waterholes more often, for longer periods and in larger numbers during a drought year compared with an average rainfall year. Cattle and buffalo spent more time drinking from waterholes during the drought, and pigs and cattle spent longer periods foraging. Buffalo also wallowed more during the drought. Responses to dry season progression varied among species. Cattle visited waterholes more frequently, for longer durations and in larger herd sizes as the dry season progressed, whereas buffalo use did not change. Pigs only increased their visitation to waterholes when water scarcity was most extreme, at the end of the dry season during the drought. Conclusions Our results demonstrate that water scarcity exacerbates feral ungulate use of savanna waterholes. Management and control programs for feral ungulates in Australian savannas may benefit from targeting different species under specific water scarcity conditions. Implications Because climate change is predicted to reduce surface water availability in northern Australia, feral ungulate use of savanna waterholes may intensify, risking further biodiversity losses and irreversible ecosystem damage.

Indonesia

Neospora caninum, Toxoplasma gondii, and Sarcocystis spp. are related Apicomplexan parasites that have 2 hosts in their life cycles. The definitive hosts excrete unsporulated (Neospora caninum, T gondii) or sporulated (Sarcocystis spp.) oocysts in their feces after ingesting tissue cysts from the tissues of ruminant intermediate hosts. These coccidians can cause abortion and neonatal mortality in ruminants. T gondii and Sarcocystis hominis (from cattle) are zoonotic. This article reviews information on the etiology, life cycle, diagnosis, control and prevention of these parasites and the diseases they cause in ruminants. ; Public domain authored by a U.S. government employee