Suchergebnisse

Cover -- Contents -- List of Figures and Tables -- Acknowledgements -- Preface -- Chapter 1 Sociology Matters: Sociological Perspectives and Young People -- Introduction -- A Brief History -- Becoming (and Remaining) Part of the Social -- Youth, Sociology and Young People -- Summary and Conclusions -- Chapter 2 Growing Up in the Present: From 1945 to the 2000s -- Introduction -- The Post-War Period and 'Political Consensus' -- Challenges to the Settlements: Emerging Neoliberalism -- The New Service and Knowledge Economy -- Feminizing the Labour Force -- Flexible Labour Markets -- The Social Geography of the Labour Market -- Youth Labour Markets and the Transition from School to Work -- Between the Market and the State: Third Way Politics -- Summary and Conclusions -- Chapter 3 Growing up in Public and Private: Youth, Transition and Identity-Making -- Introduction -- Identity, Youth and Transitions -- Youth as Transition -- Sociology and Youth Transition -- Private and Public Worlds -- Summary and Conclusions -- Chapter 4 Being Similar and Different: Youth and Social Difference -- Introduction -- Youth Social Difference and Inequality -- Social Class -- Social Class, Identity and Youth -- Gender, Sexuality and Youth -- Race, Ethnicity and Youth -- Summary and Conclusions -- Chapter 5 Being Social: Complying and Transgressing -- Introduction -- Youth Culture in Modernity: Youth and Subculture -- British Youth Research -- The Concept of Youth Subculture -- Criticizing Subculture -- Deviance, Youth and Transgression -- Summary and Conclusions -- Chapter 6 Being Somewhere: Youth, Space and Place -- Introduction -- Youth Space and Place -- Youth, Identities, Virtual Space and Place -- Summary and Conclusions -- Chapter 7 Living in a World of Change and Constancy: Globalization, Citizenship and Youth -- Introduction -- Globalization.

Preliminary Material -- Pavilion -- Sketching Youth, Self, and Youth Work -- Youth Work Is -- My Presence in Multicultural Youth Work -- The Team Meeting: A Three Act Play -- Self in Action -- Motion, Stillness, Waiting, Anticipating... -- Death, Writing, Bulls and White Nights -- References -- About the Author.

In recent years youth unemployment rates across Europe soared, causing the European Commission to take actions through initiatives to counter this development. This article examines youth unemployment development in selected CEE countries and compares them to the EU 15. We use Okun's law and estimate age and country specific Okun coefficients for five different age cohorts. Our results show that young people display much higher Okun coefficients than their older peers, thus confirming that young people are more prone to macroeconomic shocks. This result might be a justification for additional governmental intervention and active labour market policies favouring young people.

This report reviews literature that helps us understand how to better support positive outcomes for youth involved with the law. The report is meant to serve as a resource and guide for evidence-based practice for programs that work with youth. The report explores the impact of the Youth Criminal Justice Act (YCJA), the legal statute that governs youth justice programs and systems in Canada. The YCJA's emphasis on using extrajudicial measures to divert first-time or less serious and non-violent offenders away from the criminal justice system has successfully shifted the focus of the youth justice system from being more punitive to being more rehabilitative. Nonetheless, the YCJA is only regarded as a "qualified success" because the incarceration rate of Indigenous youth has not decreased, and there have been unintended adverse impacts on youth from racialized groups. This report explores the outcomes of this legislation, reviews "what works" from the literature, and provides recommendations and evidence-based guidelines and principles for practitioners and program developers to support positive outcomes for youth involved with the law.

The International Law of Youth Rights is a unique, pioneering study tracing the origin, growth and basic features of the international law of youth rights. It consists of both source documents and commentary on the historical trends to elaborate and codify international instruments and standards in this field as well as action taken by governmental, intergovernmental, and non-governmental organisations to promote and protect youth rights. Two volume set

AbstractThe youth development movement represents a broad trend toward promoting opportunity and resilience over preventing delinquency and failure. While the topic of youth leadership is clearly relevant to this movement, the connection between the two topics remains for the most part unexplored and undefined. With this chapter we examine the ways that youth leadership connects to the much broader context of the youth development movement.

The dramatic growth of prison populations in the United States during the latter half of the twentieth century, as well as the problems of over-policing and police misconduct, have been well documented and decried.1 But the related expansion and problems of community supervision receive far less attention. Across the nation, reform efforts have increasingly included a focus on probation, especially juvenile probation, as an actor that both jails and polices youth in the community while also trying to rehabilitate them and promote their well-being. This Article studies the juvenile probation system, with a focus on California as one important system aiming to both surveil and care for individuals. It draws together two frameworks: 1) law and policy which describe the juvenile probation system as intended, and 2) juvenile probation practices and attitudes which reveal the day-to-day translation of the system's formal intentions. Ultimately, where a system's approach to rehabilitation and accountability become synonymous with or too reflexively able to adopt surveillance, containment, and punishment orientations, its ability to deliver meaningful help and support through that same system is improbable. Thus, this Article discusses the need in the United States to reform, dismantle, or replace probation with youth development-focused systems and uses Los Angeles as an example of a government already doing this important work. 1 Cecelia Klingele, Rethinking the Use of Community Supervision, 103 J. Crim. L. & Criminology 1015, 1018 (2013).

Based on an ethnographic study in a Portuguese youth detention centre (YDC), the article discusses the divergent discourses of law, the judiciary and detention centres, and the way they are put into practice. While the law gives priority to young offenders' 'education', both the sentencing practices of the judiciary and the institutional practices of YDCs adopt and implement primarily a disciplinary stance on youth justice. The article anatomizes how these divergent discourses intermingle, and contrasts the institutional discourses with the inmates' views of, and reactions to, the disciplinary mode of operation of the centres. It is suggested that the regime of confinement and strategies of reward and punishment of the YDCs induce juveniles to adopt only short-lived changes of conduct, ultimately confining the law's precept of education to a praxis of behavioural conditioning.