Suchergebnisse

First ed. by C.A. Prosser and C.R. Allen. ; Mode of access: Internet.

The topic of vocational education and gender has not been of high interest in Nordic countries during last years. The article aims at showing that there are historical, anthroplogical, sociological, philosophical and educational studies, which could revitalize research on vocational education and gender, proceeding from the previous phase, when the focus was on sex-segregation in the labour market and education system. In the beginning of the article, vocational education in the Nordic countries is characterised from the sex-gender perspective, with special focus on Finland. After this, some examples from efforts to overcome and to explain the gender bias are described and deficiencies are discussed. Thirdly, a "cultural approach" for discussing gender bias is suggested. In the closing section, the possibilities of de-gendering vocational education are questioned. (DIPF/orig.) ; Während der letzten Jahre fand das Thema Geschlecht und Berufsbildung in den nordischen Staaten keine grosse Beachtung. Einerseits wurden Themen wie die Wissensgesellschaft oder die individuelle und industrielle Konkurrenzfähigkeit in einer globalisierten Ökonomie fokussiert, andererseits schuf der zunehmende feministische und postmoderne Diskurs über die kulturelle Konstruktion der Geschlechter nur marginale Interessen für die Berufsbildung. Dieser Beitrag hat zum Ziel, auf historische, anthropologische, soziologische, philosophische und pädagogische Studien hinzuweisen, welche die Forschung zu geschlechtsspezifischen Fragen in der Berufsbildung revitalisieren können und aus der früheren Diskussionsphase, als der Fokus auf der Geschlechtersegregation auf dem Arbeitsmarkt und im Bildungssystem lag, weiterführen. Der erste Teil des Beitrages stellt die Berufsbildung der nordischen Staaten aus der Geschlechterperspektive dar, wobei Finnland besondere Aufmerksamkeit gewidmet wird. Im zweiten Teil werden Anstrengungen beschrieben, die geschlechtsspezifischen Unterschiede zu erklären und zu überwinden. Drittens wird ein kultureller Zugang vorgeschlagen, um die geschlechtsspezifischen Unterschiede diskutieren zu können. Anschliessend wird die Frage nach den Möglichkeiten einer geschlechtsunabhängigen Berufsbildung gestellt. Die Hauptaussage des Beitrages ist, dass das Thema Berufsbildung und Geschlecht bei der Revitalisierung der Forschung in einem breiteren kulturellen Kontext reflektiert werden muss und die Perspektive beider Geschlechter (die gesamte Geschlechterordnung) in die Analysen einbezogen werden muss. (DIPF/Orig.)

According to UNESCO, roughly 120 countries provide some form of technical or vocational secondary education, as distinct from a purely generalist curriculum. An overview of each administration's secondary vocational education provision is given below under sub-headings suggested by the Terms of Reference (ToR) for this study. The information was gathered through a review of available literature. This varied from administration to administration both in terms of its coverage and of its quality. As a result, the information on each administration is somewhat diverse. This is particularly the case for objective evaluations of administrations' systems. The report ends by posing nine questions for the Government of India to consider when planning the introduction of vocational education to secondary schools: (i) what is the place of school-based vocational education within India's National Skills Qualification Framework? (ii) how much choice should be left to school students to decide on the balance of general and vocational education in their learning programme? (iii) what proportion of the vocational education curriculum should be devoted to general education? (iv) how can sufficient numbers of teachers of good quality be found to teach growing number of vocational students? (v) how beneficial is objective careers guidance for school pupils? (vi) what is the role or purpose of work experience for school pupils? (vii) what contribution to vocational education can be expected from employers if the labour market is largely informal with a small manufacturing sector? (viii) what form should assessment take, how would it be carried out and is there a relationship between it and general education? (ix) how can responsibility for vocational secondary education be allocated within a federal system of government? Finally, what should be clear from this study is that administrations develop policies and practices based on their history, their economic and geographic context and their vision, and that these policies will therefore vary between administrations.