Suchergebnisse

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the implementation of offline learning in SD Negeri 1 Tutuyan 2. The method used in this research is a qualitative approach. With the research subject class IV. Data analyzed descriptively with stages from data collection, data reduction, to data presentation. Learning during the Covid-19 pandemic has greatly impacted the learning process does not run optimally and according to parents, students during this pandemic are lazy and not enthusiastic about learning. Based on observations of offline learning at SD Katolik St. Andreas Tandurusa is done in a way where the class teacher divides class IV students with a total of 16 people in small-scale study groups consisting of 1-4 students based on the distance of residence with each group preparing a TKB location. To further increase the effectiveness of offline learning during this pandemic, cooperation from schools, teachers, parents and students. The school must continue to follow the instructions and directions of the government in implementing learning policies during this pandemic while prioritizing national education goals and complying with health protocols. Teachers must prepare and develop themselves in carrying out their duties and responsibilities during this pandemic. The role and cooperation of parents is very helpful for learning to continue during this pandemic, parents must pay special attention to the development and education of children. Students must also remain active and enthusiastic to learn during this pandemic and maintain their health and comply with health protocols.Keywords: Effectivines, Offline Learning, Kualitatif

Purpose: In some regions including the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region where construction is one of the main industries, the implementation of BIM is still at a slow rate. This article attempts to know the current situation of BIM and explore the challenges in the BIM implementation in the GCC construction industry. Design/methodology/approach: A mixed research approach that includes a systematic literature review and a survey questionnaire was adopted to achieve the aim of this research. For the systematic review, four main databases were search considering a period of 2010–2019 to identify the main challenges in the BIM implementation. A total of 39 different challenges from 47 documents were classified into four main categories. A structured questionnaire developed on these challenges was sent to 206 selected from the top construction organizations from all over the GCC region. Findings: A total of 39 different challenges from 47 documents were classified into four main categories. The respondents for the questionnaire were selected from the top construction organization from all over the GCC region. A large number of the respondents (69.79%) reported that their organizations are planning for BIM implementation in their future projects. The results show that top challenges fall under the main categories of "Organization", "Technical", "Government and Legal" and "Environment". Research limitations/implications: While the paper provides an overview of BIM in a global context, however, the dynamics and maturity of the construction industry in different regions are quite different from each other. Since the data collected in this research is from the GCC region, the results are more relevant to the GCC region. Practical implications: The finding of this research identifies the main challenges which GCC construction is facing in the implementation of BIM. The finding will, therefore, be useful for the key stakeholders to develop strategies to overcome these challenges and pave the road to take the advantages of BIM implementation in construction. Social implications: The BIM implementation in the GCC construction industry will not only improve the performance of the industry but will also open the doors for new opportunities and employment. The BIM implementation in construction will help the region to achieve Goal 9 (industrial innovation and improved infrastructure) of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. Originality/value: The results of this study help to understand the overall situation including the challenges in the BIM implementation in the GCC construction industry. This study will be helpful for all the stakeholders to develop strategies for the effective implementation of BIM in the GCC construction industry.

Perhaps it is best to summarize what this article is not about, and then highlight what it seeks to do instead, finally surmising those strands together cohesively. This article is not on Urdu as a medium for self-fashioning elite Ashrafi Muslims in Lucknow who lamented the "death of the city" in shahr-i-adab (the city of high culture and noble manners) kind of literatures, instead it is about how Ashrafis came to be normatively portrayed by prominent leaders of the Congress in Uttar Pradesh as "foreigners." This article is not exclusively about caste politics, but rather how the trope of the foreigner was used as a way to otherize and prevent some of the most downtrodden Muslims from availing affirmative action policies and how lower caste and Dalit Muslims themselves tried to find liberation away from their stigmatized caste histories, unfortunately without success as conversion did not eclipse casteist tropes against them. This article is not just about the institutional history of the fall of Urdu in Uttar Pradesh, but it focusses on how Urdu was used to shape the minority citizen status of Muslims, and how it impacted their political economy and caste histoies in Lucknow by using both written materials documenting these issues and oral testimonies of Ashrafi and Pasmanda Muslims in Lucknow. In the process, this article is about the contours that defined the production of Muslim minoritysm in India, externally by Post Colonial governmentality of the 1950s and internally by Muslims themselves who were compelled to "self homogenize" despite political and social fractures within the community in the face of demonizing and ahistoric stereotypes of the Muslim community as "backward Musalmaans" that ignored their multiple layers of institutionally created marginalization.

This paper examined social-economic impacts of economic and political empowerment of women in Nigeria between 1990–2018. To achieve our main objective, we employed a trend analysis and ARDL technique with data sourced from the WDI (2019) and various issues of National Bureau of Statistics. We observed that the growth of women (between age 15 and 64) in labour force participation in Nigeria is trending downwardly during the period under consideration. While the proportion of female representation in the parliament has been on the increase since the advent of the fourth Republic in 1999. Finally, we unsurprisingly, discovered that despite the huge resources committed to advocacy for women's empowerment, the social costs in terms of the increased crime rate among youth and the level of insecurity in the country significantly overwhelmed the economic benefits in term of increased economic growth. Consequently, we inter alia recommended that the governments together with these advocacy groups should channel the same amount of resources devoted to campaigns for women empowerment into reversing the ugly trend of juvenile delinquency if the level of insecurity in Nigeria is to be curtailed. And, the proposed bill by the National Assembly and the 36 state Houses of Assemblies to increase the maternity leave from its current level of 3 months to 6 months should be fast-track and duly implemented across board in both public and private organizations.

Cerminan kehidupan sosial budaya masyarakat Suwawa tampak pada (1) adanya sistem pemerintahan yang bersifat (i) monarkikonstitusional, (ii) memadukan unsur feodalisme dan demokrasi, (iii) feodalisme yang mendasar pada hubungan kekerabatan dan perlindungan, (iv) lebih menekankan hubungan adat dan kerja sama untuk mencapai kepentingan bersama daripada bentuk konfederasi politik yang didominasi oleh salah satu kekuatan di antara mereka, (v) ikatan yang didasarkan pada hubungan kekeluargaan dalam menghadapi suatu masalah, (vi) kewajiban raja bermusyawarah dengan para elit politik dan penguasa daerah, (vii) raja di Gorontalo bisa diturunkan oleh para bangsawan (Bantayo Poboide) tanpa menimbulkan konflik, dan (viii) para bangsawan yang tergabung dalam Bantayo Poboide ini adalah memegang peran di balik layar dalam menentukan kebijakan raja. Sistem pemerintahan dimaksud mempererat hubungan kekeluargaan yang dikenal dengan poganaqa (Suwawa) atau pohalaqa (Gorontalo). Poganaqa/Pohalaqa merupakan suatu masyarakat hukum di atas organisasi kerajaan, suatu hubungan persaudaraan atau perserikatan dari kerajaan-kerajaan menurut hukum adat ketatanegaraan Gorontalo. Di dalam istilah poganaqa/pohalaqa tersebut dikenal istilah (1) Tomita Dewuwa Lima no poganaqa (Suwawa), (2) Dewuwa no poganaa, (3) Lima no poganaa, (4) Dewuwa lima ni poganaa, dan (5) U Dewuwa lima no poganaa. Di bidang budaya dan adat istadat, masyarakat Gorontalo memiliki budaya yang berhubungan dengan (1) keagamaan, (2) kesenian, (3) artefak, (4) bahasa, (5) sastra (prosa), dan (6) sastra (puisi). Seiring dengan arus globalisasi dan modernisasi, sistem pemerintahan, dan budaya serta adat istiadat dimaksud membuat masyarakat Suwawa diperhadapkan pada permasalahan yang sulit. Di sisi lain, masyarakat Suwawa memiliki beban moral kewajiban mempertahankan dan melestarikan keaslian tradisi dan adat istiadat sebagai jati diri dan identitas diri, sedangkan di sisi lain masyarakat Suwawa diperhadapkan dengan terjangan arus globalisasi modernisasi informasi. Jika sisi pertama yang diambil, maka masyarakat Suwawa masih dapat dikategorikan masyarakat zaman waras, sedangkan jika sisi kedua yang dipilih, maka masyarakat Suwawa dapat dikategorikan ke dalam zaman edan yang habitus. Jika sisi kedua yang dipilih, maka wasternisasi pasti akan menggorogoti masyarakat Suwawa.

Education as a major factor in the development of people's culture is often used by various thoughts and ideologies to spread their understanding and thinking patterns. It is not strange if a thought dominates a certain educational institution or system. Among the ideas that influence and even determine the goals and learning methods of an educational system are ideology and religion. The relationship between education and ideology is rooted in the history of education. The domination of an ideology is not only obtained through revolution or violence carried out by state institutions, but also through other institutions, such as religious institutions, education, mass media and the family. And it becomes clear that the nature of education is very dependent on the perspective of the ideology it adopts. Abstrak Pendidikan sebagai faktor utama perkembangan budaya masyarakat, seringkali dimanfaatkan oleh berbagai pemikiran dan ideologi untuk menyebarkan pemahaman dan pola pikirnya. Sudah tidak asing lagi jika suatu pemikiran mendominasi lembaga atau sistem pendidikan tertentu. Di antara pemikiran-pemikiran yang banyak memberikan pengaruh dan bahkan menentukan tujuan dan metode pembelajaran suatu sistem pendidikan adalah ideologi dan agama. Hubungan antara pendidikan dan ideologi sudah mengakar dalam perjalanan sejarah dunia pendidikan. Dominasi suatu ideologi tidak hanya didapatkan melalui revolusi atau kekerasan yang dilakukan oleh institusi-institusi negara, tetapi juga dapat melalui institusi-institusi lain, seperti institusi agama, pendidikan, media massa dan keluarga. Dan menjadi jelaslah bahwa hakikat pendidikan sangat tergantung dari kacamata ideologi yang dianutnya.

Pandemics such as COVID-19 and other disasters in this age require a wide range of cyber-physical solutions such as web portals, mobile apps, IoTs, robots and drones. These solutions need to be customized for different geographical locations with different capabilities and should be produced quickly and at massive scales to meet the specific demands of the disasters. To complicate matters further, several government policies and industry guidelines regulate the deployment and use of such solutions. It is virtually impossible to handcraft the needed solutions individually and manually. A factory model is needed to rapidly build highly customized solutions very much like the auto factories that build millions of highly customized cars to satisfy needed safety requirements. In the same vein, this paper presents initial results from a software factory in the cloud that has produced a Smart Global Village (SGV) with more than 700 smart hubs for 130 countries that span 12 sectors, including disaster management. These highly customized smart hubs, created by using the SPACE Factory in less than 20 minutes per hub, also collaborate with each other that leads to highly creative B2B collaborations at global level. The paper discusses initial results from creating the SGV sandbox by using a factory model and outlines future research directions.

Considering the construction projects and the current status of occupational safety in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region, this article attempts to estimate the costs of accidents in construction. The parameters used in these estimates include the values of the current projects in the three main countries including Qatar, Oman, and Saudi Arabia; and the amount disbursed by the government organizations against injuries, disabilities, and deaths. The total costs of an accident in Oman are estimated at US$ 415,620 with an economic burden of US$ 205.73 Million/year. In Saudi Arabia, the costs of an accident are estimated at US$ 91,940, while the economic burden of the Saudi economy is estimated at US$ 261.11 Million/year. Similarly, the costs of an accident in the Qatari construction industry stand at US$ 205,526. The costs of an accident in these countries are quite higher than the costs in the USA, UK, AUS, and SA.

Salah satu problem yang masih menjadi perdebatan di kalangan ahli hukum Islam adalah masalah kelahiran hukum Islam. Masalah tersebut telah memecah para ahli tersebut ke dalam dua kubu yang bertentangan. Kubupertama berpendapat bahwa hukum Islam merupakan produksi para qadhi pada masa Bani Umayah. Argumentasiyang disuguhkan adalah bahwa Nabi Muhammad bukanlah seorang ahli hukum dan memang tidak meminati bidang ini. Sebaliknya, kubu kedua berpendapat bahwa hukum Islam sesungguhnya lahir pada masa Nabi Muhaammad dan bahkan diformulasikan sendiri olehnya. Perdebatan antara kedua kubu inilah yang hendak diperlihatkan dalam artikel ini disertai argumentasi yang mendasari kubu masing-masing dan kritik yang dilancarkan oleh keduanya.