Suchergebnisse

Recent decades have witnessed the remarkable rise of a kind of market authority almost as centralized as the state itself – two credit rating agencies, Moody's and Standard & Poor's. These agencies derive their influence from two sources. The first is the information content of their ratings. The second is both more profound and vastly more problematic: Ratings are incorporated into financial regulations in the United States and around the world. In this article we clarify the role of credit rating agencies in global capital markets, describe the host of problems that arise when their ratings are given the force of law, and outline the alternatives to the public policy dilemmas created when ratings receive a public imprimatur. We conclude that agencies designated for regulatory purposes should be required to provide more nuanced ratings exposing their perceptual and ideological underpinnings (especially for sovereigns), and facilitating consideration of alternatives to ratings-dependent regulation.

Shrinking the state : neoliberal economists and social spending in Latin America / Jeffrey M. Chwieroth -- The meaning of development : constructing the World Bank's good governance agenda / Catherine Weaver -- Institutionalized hypocrisy and the politics of agricultural trade / Mlada Bukovansky -- Frames, scripts, and the making of regional trade areas / Francesco Duina -- Imagined economies : constructivist political economy, nationalism and economic-based sovereignty movements in Russia / Yoshiko M. Herrera -- Firm interests in uncertain times : business lobbying in multilateral service liberalization / Cornelia Woll -- Trade-offs and trinities : social forces and monetary cooperation / Wesley W. Widmaier -- Moby Dick or Moby Doll? : discourse, or, how to study the "social construction of" all the way down / Charlotte Epstein -- Bringing power back in : the IMF's new constructivist strategy in critical perspective / Jacqueline Best -- The ethical investor, embodied economies, and international political economy / Paul Langley

The concept of identity has become increasingly prominent in the social sciences and humanities. Analysis of the development of social identities is an important focus of scholarly research, and scholars using social identities as the building blocks of social, political, and economic life have attempted to account for a number of discrete outcomes by treating identities as causal factors. The dominant implication of the vast literature on identity is that social identities are among the most important social facts of the world in which we live. Abdelal, Herrera, Johnston, and McDermott have brought together leading scholars from a variety of disciplines to consider the conceptual and methodological challenges associated with treating identity as a variable, offer a synthetic theoretical framework, and demonstrate the possibilities offered by various methods of measurement. The book represents a collection of empirically-grounded theoretical discussions of a range of methodological techniques for the study of identities

Wallander, C. A.; Legvold, R.: Economics and security in the post-Soviet space. - S. 1-21 Wilson, A.; Rontoyanni, C.: Security or prosperity? Belarusian and Ukrainian choices. - S. 23-62 Wallander, C. A.: Economics and security in Russia's foreign policy and the implications for Ukraine and Belarus. - S. 63-100 Abdelal, R.: Interpreting interdependence: national security and the energy trade of Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus. - S. 101-127 Perepelitsa, H.: Military-industrial cooperation between Ukraine, Belarus, and Russia: possibilities, priorities, prospects. - S. 129-158 Burakovsky, I.: Economic integration and security in the post-Soviet space. - S. 159-187 Legvold, R.: The United States, the European Union, NATO, and the economics of Ukrainian and Belarusian security. - S. 189-225

The Downfall of the American Order? offers penetrating insight into the emerging global political economy at this moment of an increasingly chaotic world. For seventy-five years, the basic patterns of world politics and the contours of international economic activity took place in the shadow of American leadership and the institutions it designed—an order designed to avoid the horrors of previous era: two world wars and the great depression.But all things must pass. The Global Financial Crisis of 2008, the legacy of two long, losing wars, and the polarizing and tumultuous presidency of Donald Trump all suggest that global affairs have reached a turning point. The implications of this are profound. The contributors to this book cast their eyes back on the order that once was, and look ahead to what might follow. In dialogue with each other's assessments and expectations, they differ in their assessments of the probable, ranging from a hollowed out American primacy muddling through by default, partial modifications of old institutions and practices at home and abroad, or wholesale contestations and the search for new orders. Contributors: Rawi Abdelal, Sheri Berman, Mark Blyth, Francis J. Gavin, Peter Gourevitch, Ilene Grabel, Peter J. Katzenstein, Jonathan Kirshner, and John Gerard Ruggie