Suchergebnisse

We examine the evolution of economics research using a machine-learning-based classification of publications into fields and styles. The changing field distribution of publications would not seem to favor empirical papers. But economics' empirical shift is a within-field phenomenon; even fields that traditionally emphasize theory have gotten more empirical. Empirical work has also come to be more cited than theoretical work. The citation shift is sharpened when citations are weighted by journal importance. Regression analyses of citations per paper show empirical publications reaching citation parity with theoretical publications around 2000. Within fields and journals, however, empirical work is now cited more.

Los ejércitos de las sociedades modernas se encuentran inmersos en un complejo proceso de cambio que, al tiempo, se produce dentro de un cambio más amplio y tanscendental. Como se anticipó hace tiempo, corrían los años sesenta, los ejércitos del futuro tendrían que hacer frente a diferentes retos. La organización tendría que integrar, en la misma estructura, distintas funciones: las clásicas y otras que comenzaron a denominarse de manera poco precisa como "nuevas" y debería hacerlo en un organigrama donde la reducción de plantillas sería un principio fundamental.

While the importance of innovation to economic development is widely understood, the conditions conducive to it remain the focus of much attention. This volume offers new theoretical and empirical contributions to fundamental questions relating to the economics of innovation and technological change while revisiting the findings of a classic book. Central to the development of new technologies are institutional environments, and among the topics discussed here are the roles played by universities and other nonprofit research institutions and the ways in which the allocation of funds between the public and private sectors affects innovation. Other essays examine the practice of open research and how the diffusion of information technology influences the economics of knowledge accumulation. Analytically sophisticated and broad in scope, this book addresses a key topic at a time when economic growth is all the more topical