Suchergebnisse

International audience ; A better understanding of the resource allocation across ages is fundamentalto put in place welfare reforms in the context of population ageing.In times of major demographic change, the redistribution of resourcesbetween age groups and the funding of the economically inactive aged remainsa recurring topic of public debate and a major public policy concern inOECD countries. Governments search for a policy mix that will improve thequality of life of the elderly, while at the same time investing in the futureof the young and reducing the fiscal burden on the working population.Life expectancy and education requirements are increasing while budgetconstraints are tightening. This potentially creates tension in the allocationof resources between age groups (Preston 1984; Lee and Mason 2011a).By applying the methodology of National Transfer Accounts (NTA),this article analyzes for France (1) how the funding of consumption (publicand private) is secured at each age; (2) how the funding of consumptionhas changed over recent decades; and (3) how the consumption is financedcompared to that of other countries (China, Germany, Japan, Sweden,United Kingdom, and United States). We consider three sources for financingconsumption: the State (net transfers and in-kind services), individualsthemselves (income and assets), and families (inter vivos transfers, excludingbequests, following the NTA methodology) (United Nations 2013b).

International audience ; A better understanding of the resource allocation across ages is fundamentalto put in place welfare reforms in the context of population ageing.In times of major demographic change, the redistribution of resourcesbetween age groups and the funding of the economically inactive aged remainsa recurring topic of public debate and a major public policy concern inOECD countries. Governments search for a policy mix that will improve thequality of life of the elderly, while at the same time investing in the futureof the young and reducing the fiscal burden on the working population.Life expectancy and education requirements are increasing while budgetconstraints are tightening. This potentially creates tension in the allocationof resources between age groups (Preston 1984; Lee and Mason 2011a).By applying the methodology of National Transfer Accounts (NTA),this article analyzes for France (1) how the funding of consumption (publicand private) is secured at each age; (2) how the funding of consumptionhas changed over recent decades; and (3) how the consumption is financedcompared to that of other countries (China, Germany, Japan, Sweden,United Kingdom, and United States). We consider three sources for financingconsumption: the State (net transfers and in-kind services), individualsthemselves (income and assets), and families (inter vivos transfers, excludingbequests, following the NTA methodology) (United Nations 2013b).

International audience ; A better understanding of the resource allocation across ages is fundamentalto put in place welfare reforms in the context of population ageing.In times of major demographic change, the redistribution of resourcesbetween age groups and the funding of the economically inactive aged remainsa recurring topic of public debate and a major public policy concern inOECD countries. Governments search for a policy mix that will improve thequality of life of the elderly, while at the same time investing in the futureof the young and reducing the fiscal burden on the working population.Life expectancy and education requirements are increasing while budgetconstraints are tightening. This potentially creates tension in the allocationof resources between age groups (Preston 1984; Lee and Mason 2011a).By applying the methodology of National Transfer Accounts (NTA),this article analyzes for France (1) how the funding of consumption (publicand private) is secured at each age; (2) how the funding of consumptionhas changed over recent decades; and (3) how the consumption is financedcompared to that of other countries (China, Germany, Japan, Sweden,United Kingdom, and United States). We consider three sources for financingconsumption: the State (net transfers and in-kind services), individualsthemselves (income and assets), and families (inter vivos transfers, excludingbequests, following the NTA methodology) (United Nations 2013b).

International audience ; A better understanding of the resource allocation across ages is fundamentalto put in place welfare reforms in the context of population ageing.In times of major demographic change, the redistribution of resourcesbetween age groups and the funding of the economically inactive aged remainsa recurring topic of public debate and a major public policy concern inOECD countries. Governments search for a policy mix that will improve thequality of life of the elderly, while at the same time investing in the futureof the young and reducing the fiscal burden on the working population.Life expectancy and education requirements are increasing while budgetconstraints are tightening. This potentially creates tension in the allocationof resources between age groups (Preston 1984; Lee and Mason 2011a).By applying the methodology of National Transfer Accounts (NTA),this article analyzes for France (1) how the funding of consumption (publicand private) is secured at each age; (2) how the funding of consumptionhas changed over recent decades; and (3) how the consumption is financedcompared to that of other countries (China, Germany, Japan, Sweden,United Kingdom, and United States). We consider three sources for financingconsumption: the State (net transfers and in-kind services), individualsthemselves (income and assets), and families (inter vivos transfers, excludingbequests, following the NTA methodology) (United Nations 2013b).

International audience ; A better understanding of the resource allocation across ages is fundamentalto put in place welfare reforms in the context of population ageing.In times of major demographic change, the redistribution of resourcesbetween age groups and the funding of the economically inactive aged remainsa recurring topic of public debate and a major public policy concern inOECD countries. Governments search for a policy mix that will improve thequality of life of the elderly, while at the same time investing in the futureof the young and reducing the fiscal burden on the working population.Life expectancy and education requirements are increasing while budgetconstraints are tightening. This potentially creates tension in the allocationof resources between age groups (Preston 1984; Lee and Mason 2011a).By applying the methodology of National Transfer Accounts (NTA),this article analyzes for France (1) how the funding of consumption (publicand private) is secured at each age; (2) how the funding of consumptionhas changed over recent decades; and (3) how the consumption is financedcompared to that of other countries (China, Germany, Japan, Sweden,United Kingdom, and United States). We consider three sources for financingconsumption: the State (net transfers and in-kind services), individualsthemselves (income and assets), and families (inter vivos transfers, excludingbequests, following the NTA methodology) (United Nations 2013b).

International audience ; A better understanding of the resource allocation across ages is fundamentalto put in place welfare reforms in the context of population ageing.In times of major demographic change, the redistribution of resourcesbetween age groups and the funding of the economically inactive aged remainsa recurring topic of public debate and a major public policy concern inOECD countries. Governments search for a policy mix that will improve thequality of life of the elderly, while at the same time investing in the futureof the young and reducing the fiscal burden on the working population.Life expectancy and education requirements are increasing while budgetconstraints are tightening. This potentially creates tension in the allocationof resources between age groups (Preston 1984; Lee and Mason 2011a).By applying the methodology of National Transfer Accounts (NTA),this article analyzes for France (1) how the funding of consumption (publicand private) is secured at each age; (2) how the funding of consumptionhas changed over recent decades; and (3) how the consumption is financedcompared to that of other countries (China, Germany, Japan, Sweden,United Kingdom, and United States). We consider three sources for financingconsumption: the State (net transfers and in-kind services), individualsthemselves (income and assets), and families (inter vivos transfers, excludingbequests, following the NTA methodology) (United Nations 2013b).

International audience ; A better understanding of the resource allocation across ages is fundamentalto put in place welfare reforms in the context of population ageing.In times of major demographic change, the redistribution of resourcesbetween age groups and the funding of the economically inactive aged remainsa recurring topic of public debate and a major public policy concern inOECD countries. Governments search for a policy mix that will improve thequality of life of the elderly, while at the same time investing in the futureof the young and reducing the fiscal burden on the working population.Life expectancy and education requirements are increasing while budgetconstraints are tightening. This potentially creates tension in the allocationof resources between age groups (Preston 1984; Lee and Mason 2011a).By applying the methodology of National Transfer Accounts (NTA),this article analyzes for France (1) how the funding of consumption (publicand private) is secured at each age; (2) how the funding of consumptionhas changed over recent decades; and (3) how the consumption is financedcompared to that of other countries (China, Germany, Japan, Sweden,United Kingdom, and United States). We consider three sources for financingconsumption: the State (net transfers and in-kind services), individualsthemselves (income and assets), and families (inter vivos transfers, excludingbequests, following the NTA methodology) (United Nations 2013b).

International audience ; A better understanding of the resource allocation across ages is fundamentalto put in place welfare reforms in the context of population ageing.In times of major demographic change, the redistribution of resourcesbetween age groups and the funding of the economically inactive aged remainsa recurring topic of public debate and a major public policy concern inOECD countries. Governments search for a policy mix that will improve thequality of life of the elderly, while at the same time investing in the futureof the young and reducing the fiscal burden on the working population.Life expectancy and education requirements are increasing while budgetconstraints are tightening. This potentially creates tension in the allocationof resources between age groups (Preston 1984; Lee and Mason 2011a).By applying the methodology of National Transfer Accounts (NTA),this article analyzes for France (1) how the funding of consumption (publicand private) is secured at each age; (2) how the funding of consumptionhas changed over recent decades; and (3) how the consumption is financedcompared to that of other countries (China, Germany, Japan, Sweden,United Kingdom, and United States). We consider three sources for financingconsumption: the State (net transfers and in-kind services), individualsthemselves (income and assets), and families (inter vivos transfers, excludingbequests, following the NTA methodology) (United Nations 2013b).

International audience ; A better understanding of the resource allocation across ages is fundamentalto put in place welfare reforms in the context of population ageing.In times of major demographic change, the redistribution of resourcesbetween age groups and the funding of the economically inactive aged remainsa recurring topic of public debate and a major public policy concern inOECD countries. Governments search for a policy mix that will improve thequality of life of the elderly, while at the same time investing in the futureof the young and reducing the fiscal burden on the working population.Life expectancy and education requirements are increasing while budgetconstraints are tightening. This potentially creates tension in the allocationof resources between age groups (Preston 1984; Lee and Mason 2011a).By applying the methodology of National Transfer Accounts (NTA),this article analyzes for France (1) how the funding of consumption (publicand private) is secured at each age; (2) how the funding of consumptionhas changed over recent decades; and (3) how the consumption is financedcompared to that of other countries (China, Germany, Japan, Sweden,United Kingdom, and United States). We consider three sources for financingconsumption: the State (net transfers and in-kind services), individualsthemselves (income and assets), and families (inter vivos transfers, excludingbequests, following the NTA methodology) (United Nations 2013b).

International audience ; A better understanding of the resource allocation across ages is fundamentalto put in place welfare reforms in the context of population ageing.In times of major demographic change, the redistribution of resourcesbetween age groups and the funding of the economically inactive aged remainsa recurring topic of public debate and a major public policy concern inOECD countries. Governments search for a policy mix that will improve thequality of life of the elderly, while at the same time investing in the futureof the young and reducing the fiscal burden on the working population.Life expectancy and education requirements are increasing while budgetconstraints are tightening. This potentially creates tension in the allocationof resources between age groups (Preston 1984; Lee and Mason 2011a).By applying the methodology of National Transfer Accounts (NTA),this article analyzes for France (1) how the funding of consumption (publicand private) is secured at each age; (2) how the funding of consumptionhas changed over recent decades; and (3) how the consumption is financedcompared to that of other countries (China, Germany, Japan, Sweden,United Kingdom, and United States). We consider three sources for financingconsumption: the State (net transfers and in-kind services), individualsthemselves (income and assets), and families (inter vivos transfers, excludingbequests, following the NTA methodology) (United Nations 2013b).

5-9 Inégalités Et Pauvreté Dans Les Pays Arabes : Introduction by Maurice CATIN & El Mouhoub MOUHOUD 11-36 The Political Dimension Of Inequality During Economic Development by Denis COGNEAU 37-55 La Croissance A-T-Elle Été Favorable Aux Pauvres En Égypte Sur La Période 1990-2004 ? by Christophe EHRHART 57-80 Effects Of Growth And Inequality by Faouzi SBOUI 81-98 Ouverture Commerciale, Inégalités De Revenu Et Répartition Salariale Dans Les Pays Du Sud Et De L'Est De La Méditerranée by Caroline DAYMON 99-120 Le Fonctionnement Du Marché Du Travail En Algérie : Population Active Et Emplois Occupés by Moundir LASSASSI & Nacer-eddine HAMMOUDA 121-149 Emploi Et Secteur Informels En Algérie : Déterminants, Segmentation Et Mobilité De La Main-D'Œuvre by Philippe ADAIR & Youghourta BELLACHE 151-176 On-The-Job Learning And Earnings: Comparative Evidence From Morocco And Senegal by Christophe J. NORDMAN & François-Charles WOLFF 177-193 Les Disparités De Taux D'Alphabétisation Selon Les Genres Dans Les Délégations Tunisiennes : Une Approche Par L'Économétrie Spatiale by Maurice CATIN & Mohamed HAZEM 195-214 Les Déterminants De L'Épargne Des Ménages Au Maroc : Une Analyse Par Milieu Géographique by Touhami ABDELKHALEK & Florence ARESTOFF & Najat EL MEKKAOUI DE FREITAS & Sabine MAGE-BERTOMEU 215-234 Comment Mesurer La "Générosité" Des Systèmes De Retraite ? Une Application Aux Pays De La Méditerranée by Samia BENALLAH & Carole BONNET & Claire El MOUDDEN & Antoine MATH

Le marché porte sur la réalisation d'une étude proposant un panorama complet des transferts entreles générations pour la France sur un horizon temporel de 30 ans. Elle utilise une méthodologieoriginale, celle des Comptes de Transfert Nationaux (NTA), qui aujourd'hui fait référence sur le planinternational. L'idée générale est de comparer ce que chaque cohorte, définie comme l'ensemble desenfants nés une année donnée, consomme et produit à une date donnée. Par consommation, onentend consommation de biens marchands mais aussi de biens/services publics tels que l'éducationou la santé. Cette consommation est comparée aux revenus du travail (y compris les cotisationssociales salariales et patronales) pour définir les cohortes qui en excédent « subventionnent » lescohortes qui consomment plus qu'elles ne produisent. Cette méthode permet de percevoir de façontrès complète l'ensemble des transferts entre les générations au cours d'une année et sadéformation au cours du temps.Les travaux définis dans le cadre du marché ont été effectués. L'essentiel concernait la constructiond'un profil des excédents et déficits au cours du cycle de vie, c'est‐à‐dire la différence à chaque âgeentre les revenus du travail et les consommations privées et publiques. Il a été réalisé pour toutes lesannées allant de 1979 à 2005. Une décomposition par sexe du « profil de cycle de vie » a également été réalisée pour la période considérée. Les principales conclusions de cette étude sont les suivantes. Malgré les très importantschangements économiques, sociaux et politiques que la société française a connu depuis la fin desannées 1980, la part des transferts vers les moins de 20 ans et les plus de 60 ans dans le PIB a étéremarquablement stable. Ils reflètent un choix collectif pour une certaine égalité entre les âges,lorsque la variable d'intérêt est la consommation. Par ailleurs, lorsque l'on se limite aux biens etservices marchands, les transferts favorisent les plus de 60 ans par rapport au moins de 20 ans et,parmi les plus de 60 ans, les ...

Le marché porte sur la réalisation d'une étude proposant un panorama complet des transferts entreles générations pour la France sur un horizon temporel de 30 ans. Elle utilise une méthodologieoriginale, celle des Comptes de Transfert Nationaux (NTA), qui aujourd'hui fait référence sur le planinternational. L'idée générale est de comparer ce que chaque cohorte, définie comme l'ensemble desenfants nés une année donnée, consomme et produit à une date donnée. Par consommation, onentend consommation de biens marchands mais aussi de biens/services publics tels que l'éducationou la santé. Cette consommation est comparée aux revenus du travail (y compris les cotisationssociales salariales et patronales) pour définir les cohortes qui en excédent « subventionnent » lescohortes qui consomment plus qu'elles ne produisent. Cette méthode permet de percevoir de façontrès complète l'ensemble des transferts entre les générations au cours d'une année et sadéformation au cours du temps.Les travaux définis dans le cadre du marché ont été effectués. L'essentiel concernait la constructiond'un profil des excédents et déficits au cours du cycle de vie, c'est‐à‐dire la différence à chaque âgeentre les revenus du travail et les consommations privées et publiques. Il a été réalisé pour toutes lesannées allant de 1979 à 2005. Une décomposition par sexe du « profil de cycle de vie » a également été réalisée pour la période considérée. Les principales conclusions de cette étude sont les suivantes. Malgré les très importantschangements économiques, sociaux et politiques que la société française a connu depuis la fin desannées 1980, la part des transferts vers les moins de 20 ans et les plus de 60 ans dans le PIB a étéremarquablement stable. Ils reflètent un choix collectif pour une certaine égalité entre les âges,lorsque la variable d'intérêt est la consommation. Par ailleurs, lorsque l'on se limite aux biens etservices marchands, les transferts favorisent les plus de 60 ans par rapport au moins de 20 ans et,parmi les plus de 60 ans, les ...

Le marché porte sur la réalisation d'une étude proposant un panorama complet des transferts entreles générations pour la France sur un horizon temporel de 30 ans. Elle utilise une méthodologieoriginale, celle des Comptes de Transfert Nationaux (NTA), qui aujourd'hui fait référence sur le planinternational. L'idée générale est de comparer ce que chaque cohorte, définie comme l'ensemble desenfants nés une année donnée, consomme et produit à une date donnée. Par consommation, onentend consommation de biens marchands mais aussi de biens/services publics tels que l'éducationou la santé. Cette consommation est comparée aux revenus du travail (y compris les cotisationssociales salariales et patronales) pour définir les cohortes qui en excédent « subventionnent » lescohortes qui consomment plus qu'elles ne produisent. Cette méthode permet de percevoir de façontrès complète l'ensemble des transferts entre les générations au cours d'une année et sadéformation au cours du temps.Les travaux définis dans le cadre du marché ont été effectués. L'essentiel concernait la constructiond'un profil des excédents et déficits au cours du cycle de vie, c'est‐à‐dire la différence à chaque âgeentre les revenus du travail et les consommations privées et publiques. Il a été réalisé pour toutes lesannées allant de 1979 à 2005. Une décomposition par sexe du « profil de cycle de vie » a également été réalisée pour la période considérée. Les principales conclusions de cette étude sont les suivantes. Malgré les très importantschangements économiques, sociaux et politiques que la société française a connu depuis la fin desannées 1980, la part des transferts vers les moins de 20 ans et les plus de 60 ans dans le PIB a étéremarquablement stable. Ils reflètent un choix collectif pour une certaine égalité entre les âges,lorsque la variable d'intérêt est la consommation. Par ailleurs, lorsque l'on se limite aux biens etservices marchands, les transferts favorisent les plus de 60 ans par rapport au moins de 20 ans et,parmi les plus de 60 ans, les ...