Sieffert, D.: Antisémitisme: entre réalités et manipulations. - S. 11-23. Cypel, S.: Décryptage de décryptage: vous avez dit désinformation? - S. 25-35. Lindenberg, D.: L'"islam" et les "Arabes" vus par les "défenseurs d'Israe͏l": une désinformation permanente. - S. 37-50. Hazan, E.: Du chantage au harclèment judicaire. - S. 51-58. Warschawski, M.: Le cynique, le paranoi͏aque et le provocateur. - S. 59-78. Saint-Upéry, M.: Sur la réprobation de la réprobation. A propos de l'"acharnement médiatique contre Israe͏l". - S. 79-87. Balibar, E.: Un nouvel antisémitisme? - S. 89-96. Butler, J.: L'accusation d'antisémitisme: les juifs, Israe͏l, et les risques de la critique publique. Un éclairage américain. - S. 97-119
Many of the socio-economic and environmental issues of rubber plantations are linked to their monocrop nature. Agroforestry systems (AFS) associating permanently crops or other trees to rubber are widely believed to offer a favourable alternative, not only able to diversify the source of income for farmers but also to limit the negative environmental impacts of plantations. However, despite such good reputation, in Thailand, the first rubber producing country, rubber AFS are estimated to cover less than 5% of the surface area, mainly in the south zone. Within Heveadapt, a multidisciplinary project on the adaptation of rubber smallholders to global changes, we assessed the existing systems in a representative zone (Phattalung Province) of the main rubber producing area (South) and evaluated their actual impact on the farms economy and on soil quality. Only few rubber farmers had permanent AFS and none of them in all their rubber plots. The 3 main systems in southern Thailand were fruit trees/rubber, vegetable/rubber, timber trees/ rubber. Complex systems mixing several associated species also exist. The density of rubber trees was always the same as in the monocrop, safeguarding the latex yield. The fruit tree/rubber association provided the best trade-off between return to land and to labour. Timber provided a labour-saving alternative with high but late income. Simulations showed that, thanks to their flexibility and a higher gross margin, the AFS actually provided a higher resilience of the farms when the price of rubber fall. The effects of AFS on soil biological and physico-chemical properties were not that clear. Actually, agricultural practices (weeding, fertilization) tended to vary more between farms than between the AFS and monocrop plots. Therefore, the heterogeneity was high within each system. The age of the plantation also had a greater effect than the kind of system. However, differences between systems increased with age and traits linked to carbon transformation indicated more active processes in fruit tree/rubber than in monocrop. Nevertheless, the actual vegetation soil cover was the most important factor influencing soil quality and weeds sometimes covered more the soil in monocrop plots than in AFS. We showed that current AFS originated from individual pioneer initiatives that spread in a second step through farmers-to-farmers networks. Social motivations and family consumption prevailed at the beginning, but diversification of the source of income is now the main reason to adopt AFS. The change in the attitude of official institutions, mainly the Rubber Authority of Thailand, now promoting AFS, was also important. Such basis, with existing networks, knowledgeable leaders and institutional support, paves the way for the development of regional innovation platforms offering channels (meetings, social medias, trainings) to share the available information necessary to scale-up the rubber AFS from a marginal to a widespread system.
"L'attentat contre Charlie Hebdo, contre l'Hyper Cacher, puis la manifestation du 11 janvier : choc, traumatisme, réponse historique donnée par des millions de personnes et des responsables de dizaines de nations. À la suite de ces terribles journées de janvier, le quotidien Le Monde a donné la parole à des intellectuels pour tenter de penser, ensemble, l'événement. Car si l'accord est total sur les faits - il s'agit du plus grand rassemblement citoyen depuis 1945 -, le désaccord est complet sur leur interprétation. Pour les uns, la France a montré au monde entier qu'elle pouvait faire société. Pour les autres, une partie du peuple a manqué. Le 11 janvier est-il la promesse d'un pacte républicain réaffirmé ou le symptôme d'une communauté nationale disloquée ? Quinze interventions destinées à passer du réflexe à la réflexion."--P. [4] of cover
This document contains the draft Chapter 2 NCP of the IPBES Global Assessment on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services. Governments and all observers at IPBES-7 had access to these draft chapters eight weeks prior to IPBES-7. Governments accepted the Chapters at IPBES-7 based on the understanding that revisions made to the SPM during the Plenary, as a result of the dialogue between Governments and scientists, would be reflected in the final Chapters. IPBES typically releases its Chapters publicly only in their final form, which implies a delay of several months post Plenary. However, in light of the high interest for the Chapters, IPBES is releasing the six Chapters early (31 May 2019) in a draft form. Authors of the reports are currently working to reflect all the changes made to the Summary for Policymakers during the Plenary to the Chapters, and to perform final copyediting.
Achieving sustainable global food security is one of humanity's contemporary challenges. Here we present an analysis identifying key "global leverage points" that offer the best opportunities to improve both global food security and environmental sustainability. We find that a relatively small set of places and actions could provide enough new calories to meet the basic needs for more than 3 billion people, address many environmental impacts with global consequences, and focus food waste reduction on the commodities with the greatest impact on food security. These leverage points in the global food system can help guide how nongovernmental organizations, foundations, governments, citizens' groups, and businesses prioritize actions.
Achieving sustainable global food security is one of humanity's contemporary challenges. Here we present an analysis identifying key "global leverage points" that offer the best opportunities to improve both global food security and environmental sustainability. We find that a relatively small set of places and actions could provide enough new calories to meet the basic needs for more than 3 billion people, address many environmental impacts with global consequences, and focus food waste reduction on the commodities with the greatest impact on food security. These leverage points in the global food system can help guide how nongovernmental organizations, foundations, governments, citizens' groups, and businesses prioritize actions.
In: Informationsprojekt Naher und Mittlerer Osten: INAMO ; Berichte & Analysen zu Politik und Gesellschaft des Nahen und Mittleren Ostens, Volume 18, Issue 69, p. 4-62
This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of the AAAS for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Science 359(6373) on 19/01/2018, DOI:10.1126/science.aap8826 ; A major challenge today and into the future is to maintain or enhance beneficial contributions of nature to a good quality of life for all people. This is among the key motivations of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES), a joint global effort by governments, academia, and civil society to assess and promote knowledge of Earth's biodiversity and ecosystems and their contribution to human societies in order to inform policy formulation. One of the more recent key elements of the IPBES conceptual framework (1) is the notion of nature's contributions to people (NCP), which builds on the ecosystem service concept popularized by the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MA) (2). But as we detail below, NCP as defined and put into practice in IPBES differs from earlier work in several important ways. First, the NCP approach recognizes the central and pervasive role that culture plays in defining all links between people and nature. Second, use of NCP elevates, emphasizes, and operationalizes the role of indigenous and local knowledge in understanding nature's contribution to people. ; PLEASE READ BEFORE VALIDATING: Licence unknown. Brighton University Repository on their webpage for this output https://research.brighton.ac.uk/en/publications/assessing-natures-contributions-to-people they have the author's accepted manuscript with the following bibliographical note "This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of the AAAS for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Science 359(6373) on 19/01/2018, DOI:10.1126/science.aap8826". Contacted Brighton repository for informatio about the licence and if it was specifically for their repository and they replied "I don't think it specifically said - I think the risk is very low of including it in your IR. From memory I think it was a generic statement and permission was not directly sought as their policy covered self-archiving in IRs as long as the statement was included.". Also, accoridng to Sherpa Romeo https://v2.sherpa.ac.uk/id/publication/11114, the accepted manuscript can be deposited without embargo. Should we also upload it in ours with this disclaimer? CBoula, 10/11/2021 OK, will do so, will add disclaimer to a note field in repositoroy RVO
This 26th dossier d'Agropolis is devoted to research and partnerships in agroecology. The French Commission for International Agricultural Research (CRAI) and Agropolis International, on behalf of CIRAD, INRAE and IRD and in partnership with CGIAR, has produced this new issue in the 'Les dossiers d'Agropolis international' series devoted to agroecology. This publication has been produced within the framework of the Action Plan signed by CGIAR and the French government on February 4th 2021 to strengthen French collaboration with CGIAR, where agroecology is highlighted as one of the three key priorities (alongside climate change, nutrition and food systems).