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AbstractThe number of organizations using teamwork is increasing. The team phenomenon has heightened our need to better understand what makes these groups more or less effective. Unfortunately, methods of assessing dynamic team processes such as group development have been limited. The purpose of this study was to create a simpler quantitative method of measuring temporal changes in group processes. A retrospective questionnaire was developed to measure the constructs of Tuckman's stage development model. Both the reliability and content validity analyses provided evidence that the retrospective method can be used to evaluate group development stages.RésuméLe nombre d'organisations ayant recours au travail d'équipe est à la hausse. Le phénomène de l'«équipe » accroît la nécessité de mieux comprendre ce qui rend ces groupes plus ou mains performants. Malheureusement, les méthodes d'évaluation du type d'interactions au sein du groupe et de la dynamique qui en résulte, restent limitées. Le but de cette étude est de créer une méthode quantitative plus simple pour mesurer les changements temporels dans la dynamique de groupe. Un questionnaire rétrospectif a été élaboré pour mesurer les facteurs du modèle à phases de Tuckman. Les analyses relatives à la fiabilité et celles relatives à la validité, ont montré que la méthode rétrospective peut servir à évaluer les phases du développement du groupe.

Scholarship on congressional oversight has documented an increase in the amount of time committees have devoted to oversight hearings since the post-1970s reform period that decentralized power in the House. Unknown thus far, though, is the extent to which members avail themselves of their opportunities to use hearings to monitor executive branch activities or what concerns might motivate such participation. Building on prior research on participation in other congressional activities, this study measures participation by House members in reauthorization and appropriations hearings for programs administered by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development from 1978 to 1986. On the whole, participation in the hearings by rank-and-file committee members was low, but factors such as district and party interests, the timing of the hearings on the electoral cycle, and the presence of the department secretary at the witness table all served to increase participation.

The effects of transnational ties upon the emotional lives of second-generation Filipino Americans are studied. Second-generation Filipino students (N = 22) enrolled at the U of California, Davis, in 1995, were interviewed to determine the influence that family had upon their emotional well-being. Several findings are reported: participants perceived family as the most important part of being Filipino & generally referred to the Philippines as "home"; students experienced significant pressure from their parents to achieve high academic marks; some Filipina participants stated that their parents attempted to restrict their educational achievement in order to preserve control over female students' lives; many students delineated their relations with parents as strained; & several female participants contemplated suicide or developed eating disorders in response to family pressures. It is subsequently asserted that second-generation experience "emotional transnationalism," defined as the influence of transnational relations over immigrant population members' emotional lives. Recommendations for future research are also offered, eg, whether members of diasporic communities are also affected by emotional transnationalism. 50 References. J. W. Parker

Stevens and Campion created the Teamwork Test to be used for the selection of high potential individuals into team situations. The idea of being able to test and select high team performers based on knowledge, skills, and ability (KSA) measures has great appeal. However, methods used to validate the test leave some question as to whether it is measuring capabilities related to teamwork. This study further evaluated the test by measuring the relationship between team levels of KSAs and team effectiveness.

Theories suggest that administrators may use their discretion to advance their agency's version of the public interest, court political support, or both. The author hypothesizes that administrators courting political support use their discretion to reward legislators who monitor their programs more closely than do other legislators. The author measures the degree of scrutiny a program receives by quantifying members'participation in oversight hearings. In analyzing the allocation of Urban Development Action Grants (UDAGs), the author finds that administrators in the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development's (HUD) Office of Community Planning and Development were guided by both the agency's perception of the public interest and by political considerations. Members of the House Committee on Banking, Finance and Urban Affairs who participated more extensively in hearings overseeing HUD programs received larger UDAG allocations in their home districts, and more oversight led to more grant money.

This article looks at the manner in which the U.S. judicial system treats men and women differently in terms of reputational harm. It explores a variety of state statutes that encode such differences as well and places both court cases and legislative enactments in the context of the development of women's history. It shows that women's reputations are generally discussed in terms of virtue, while men's reputations are cast in terms of honor. The article shows how the women's experience with the law of defamation is quite different from the experience of men in two time periods.

Identity politics deployed by lesbian feminists of color challenges the philosophy of the subject and white feminisms based on sisterhood, and in so doing opens a space where feminist coalition building is possible. I articulate connections between Gloria Anzaldúa's epistemological-political action tools of complex identity narration and mestiza form of intersubject, Nancy Hartsock's feminist materialist standpoint, and Seyla Benhabib's standpoint of intersubjectivity in relation to using feminist identity politics for feminist coalition politics.