Suchergebnisse

The article intends to assess the EU's action in the field of labour migration, retracing its main stages, from the 1999 Tampere European Council to nowadays. The analysis focuses on the main legal tools adopted by the EU Legislator, evaluating their impact and efficacy, and then concludes with an overall assessment of the EU policy on labour migration with particular regard to the question as whether it may actually be considered as «common» as provided for in the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union under Article 79.

This article will attempt to demonstrate the interrelationship between two 'crises' that the European Union is facing: the so-called 'migration' or 'refugee crisis' and the crisis of the principle of the rule of law. In particular, the two crises find their point of connection in the responses to migratory flows put in place by the EU and some of its Member States. The increasing migratory pressure on European external borders has induced some governments to adopt a restrictive and security-driven approach, carried out, on the one hand, by reinforcing border controls and surveillance, and, on the other, by seeking the cooperation of non-EU countries in order to curb migratory flows, contain departures, and tackle the movements of migrants towards Europe. These 'securitisation' and 'externalisation' strategies are in contrast with the principle of the rule of law under two perspectives: on the one hand, they violate some of its essential components, such as transparency, legal and procedural certainty, democratic participation, and control; on the other, they breach the same principle insofar as they lead to severe human rights violations. As for the first aspect, migration and border control policies have been put in place by frontline States through a growing proliferation of atypical, informal, and non-transparent measures of migration governance, which, sounding 'legal' without actually being so, allow legislative, procedural and democratic frames to be avoided. Examples in this sense may be identified in the so-called EU-Turkey Statement or in the informal, over-simplified cooperation arrangements concluded by some EU frontline Member States with African countries, as in the case of Italy and Niger. As for the second aspect, the impact on the rule of (human rights) law of the response of some EU Member States to the migration crisis may be measured through the case law of the European Court of Human Rights and, more specifically, by considering the decisions concerning the most severe violations of migrants' rights, including those of the prohibitions of refoulement and of collective expulsion, as well as cases of illegal detention and deprivation of liberty.

Resumen:Este artículo es una aproximación a la temática del golpe militar de 1973 y la experiencia de la izquierda chilena (la Unidad Popular y el MIR) en los primeros años de dictadura (1973 -1977). Específicamente daremos cuenta de cuáles fueron las caracterizaciones, interpretaciones y/o lecturas tempranas desplegadas por dicho sector político, en torno al golpe y la dictadura. Daremos a conocer el proceso de evolución de dichas caracterizaciones a través del tiempo, la forma en la que éstas se mantienen, van cambiando o sistematizándose, a la luz de la información manejada por la izquierda chilena en los primeros años de la dictadura militar.Palabras Clave: Golpe militar, dictadura, izquierda chilena, caracterizaciones tempranas.*************************************************************** The coup d'état and the military dictatorship on the early characterization of Chilean left (1973-1977)AbstractThis article is an approximation to the subject about the military strike in 1973 and the experience of the left wing in Chile (Unidad Popular and MIR), in the early years of the dictatorship (1973 -1977). Specifically, we will show, which were the characterizations, interpretations and the premature readings that were deployed by the left wing, around the strike and the dictatorship. We will expose the evolution process of these characterizations trough the time, and the way that this kept, change or begin to take "shape", depending on the information managed for the Chilean left in the early years of the dictatorship.Key Words: Military strike, dictatorship, Chilean left wing, early Characterizations.******************************************************O golpe e a ditadura militar nas caracterizações iniciais da esquerda chilena (1973 – 1977)ResumoEste artigo é uma aproximação à temática do golpe militar de 1973 e à experiência da esquerda chilena (a Unidade Popular e o MIR) nos primeiros anos de ditadura (1973 -1977). Especificamente vamos dar conta de quais foram as caracterizações, interpretações e/ou leituras iniciais despregadas pelo referido setor político, em torno do golpe e da ditadura. Vamos dar a conhecer o processo da evolução das mencionadas caracterizações através do tempo, a forma na qual estas se mantêm vão mudando ou sendo sistematizadas à luz da informação manejada pela esquerda chilena nos primeiros anos da ditadura militar.Palavras- chave: Golpe militar, ditadura, esquerda chilena, caracterizações iniciais

In a world where full body scans are permitted before someone boards an aircraft, it is no wonder people are concerned with the issue of privacy rights. The issue of privacy has always been a complex one, and the events of September 11, 2001 made it that much more complicated. Privacy rights had to be weighed against the importance of protecting Americans' lives and monitoring terrorist activity. This stirring tome covers the roots of privacy in America, landmark Supreme Court cases that settled privacy rights issues, and privacy and law enforcement (police brutality, racial profiling, police searches, and government surveillance). One chapter is devoted to the right of privacy for students, including privacy and the Internet. The Preamble to the Constitution and the Bill of Rights are printed in the back matter

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to describe the Gender, Employment and Local Labour Market (GELLM) Programme of Research (2003‐2006), which is delivered through a partnership of academics, policy‐makers, trade unions and practitioners at national and local levels of the UK, directed by Professor Sue Yeandle of Sheffield Hallam University. It discusses the contractual and task‐based relationships, which are set up among the partners and the ways in which the research process is designed and executed collaboratively. The GELLM partnership is maintained without complicated information technology or customised training, relying instead on the commitment of the individuals involved and a very clear and well managed face‐to‐face report‐back structure. The paper concludes by analysing the criteria that made this partnership work successfully and the types of impact it is able to achieve locally and nationally on gender equality policy‐making.Design/methodology/approachThe aims and objectives of the research programme included the production in partnership of gender‐disaggregated "Gender Profiles" of the labour market in 12 local authorities, awareness‐raising about gendered inequality in their local labour markets, and the exploration of specific issues in new, multi‐method local research studies whose focus is agreed with the project partners with a view to "gender mainstreaming" the research findings.FindingsThe GELLM research findings are not discussed as the focus is on the partnership arrangements.Originality/valueCriteria for the successful working of the partnership, and the challenges faced are discussed in the paper.

Nanotechnology, and more generally Nanoscience, is a revolution for humanity, for the many applications of all types that can develop, although not without risks; and among the most interesting and important highlights undoubtedly graphene nanomaterials. Regarding both issues the European Union has a line of action for years, particularly on Nanotechnology. This paper briefly discusses the interesting history of birth of Nanotechnology and eu policy on the matter, through its strategic documents. ; La nanotecnología, y más en general la nanociencia, supone una revolución para la humanidad, por las innumerables aplicaciones de todo tipo que pueden desarrollar, aunque no sin riesgos; y entre los nanomateriales más interesantes e importantes destaca indudablemente el grafeno. En relación con ambas cuestiones tiene la Unión Europea una línea de acción desde hace años, en particular sobre nanotecnología. Este trabajo analiza brevemente la interesante historia de nacimiento de la nanotecnología y la política de la Unión Europea en la materia, a través de sus documentos estratégicos.

Seasonal gentrification -- Racial segregation, sex, gender and rock n roll: the history of Asbury Park -- Working while black -- Owning a business-the employers side -- A west side story -- Cats are the new dogs (and other stuff that makes Asbury cool...and can it stay cool?) -- Land of hope and dreams.