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Over past 40 years the principle of free movement of workers has been continuously developed and strengthened. At the beginning this fundamental right was formed for the economically active participants of labour market; then it was gradually extended to other sectors of society, including the public. The research object of this article – is free movement of workers in the public sector. The author of this article pursues to reveal similarities and differences of free movement of workers in both public and private sectors, highlights legal, administrative and practical obstacles of the implementation of this law. Public sector, in particular, firstly, is seen as the sector in which the creation of various jobs must be identified. Particular attention is paid to the application of the exception in the "work of the civil service" teleological analysis. The measures of the European Commission for the modernization of the sector are also identified.

Today, in terms of policy as a fundamental phenomenon, often associate with the concept of bureaucracy in two definitions good and bad. Austria's government structure has some unique features, which is important to analyze, given the fact that the Republic of Lithuania in this field must learn. One of the most important principles in Austria is social partnership, which is accompanied by a democratic political factors and a long history of development. The Republic of Austria joined in the EU since 1995 (Lithuania -- in 2004), so the experience and practice of this country is an example for other in local government system is appropriate and purposeful. The Government in the Republic of Lithuania wants to improve the management of the institutional capacity, to manage effectively budget funds, to improve public services for citizens. It is true that the government does not always succeed in achieving those objectives, which are named in the Government program and strategic direction setting of development of Lithuanian documents. Perhaps the most important reason -- undemocratic states and the public in the past. Today's fundamental consequence of the Republic of Austria is extremely stable polar state. They noticed a number of political changes in countries that are now gaining political experience. To assess the stability of the Republic of Austria with local political context, it is important to review the country's legal framework, practical application of the active participation of citizens and local institutions. The main Austrian political system of local government in respect of properties are summarized and analyzed in this article.

Today, in terms of policy as a fundamental phenomenon, often associate with the concept of bureaucracy in two definitions good and bad. Austria's government structure has some unique features, which is important to analyze, given the fact that the Republic of Lithuania in this field must learn. One of the most important principles in Austria is social partnership, which is accompanied by a democratic political factors and a long history of development. The Republic of Austria joined in the EU since 1995 (Lithuania -- in 2004), so the experience and practice of this country is an example for other in local government system is appropriate and purposeful. The Government in the Republic of Lithuania wants to improve the management of the institutional capacity, to manage effectively budget funds, to improve public services for citizens. It is true that the government does not always succeed in achieving those objectives, which are named in the Government program and strategic direction setting of development of Lithuanian documents. Perhaps the most important reason -- undemocratic states and the public in the past. Today's fundamental consequence of the Republic of Austria is extremely stable polar state. They noticed a number of political changes in countries that are now gaining political experience. To assess the stability of the Republic of Austria with local political context, it is important to review the country's legal framework, practical application of the active participation of citizens and local institutions. The main Austrian political system of local government in respect of properties are summarized and analyzed in this article.

Today, in terms of policy as a fundamental phenomenon, often associate with the concept of bureaucracy in two definitions good and bad. Austria's government structure has some unique features, which is important to analyze, given the fact that the Republic of Lithuania in this field must learn. One of the most important principles in Austria is social partnership, which is accompanied by a democratic political factors and a long history of development. The Republic of Austria joined in the EU since 1995 (Lithuania – in 2004), so the experience and practice of this country is an example for other in local government system is appropriate and purposeful. The Government in the Republic of Lithuania wants to improve the management of the institutional capacity, to manage effectively budget funds, to improve public services for citizens. It is true that the government does not always succeed in achieving those objectives, which are named in the Government program and strategic direction setting of development of Lithuanian documents. Perhaps the most important reason – undemocratic states and the public in the past. Today's fundamental consequence of the Republic of Austria is extremely stable polar state. They noticed a number of political changes in countries that are now gaining political experience. To assess the stability of the Republic of Austria with local political context, it is important to review the country's legal framework, practical application of the active participation of citizens and local institutions. The main Austrian political system of local government in respect of properties are summarized and analyzed in this article.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.ppaa.11.3.2502 ; Straipsnyje, remiantis lyginamosios analizės metodu, analizuojama Lietuvos ir Austrijos vietos savivaldos sistema. Autoriai siekia identifikuoti valstybių savivaldos sistemų esminius bruožus, aptaria teisinius vietos savivaldos pagrindus. Ypatingas dėmesys skiriamas savivaldos santykiams su valstybės institucijomis ir ...

Over past 40 years the principle of free movement of workers has been continuously developed and strengthened. At the beginning this fundamental right was formed for the economically active participants of labour market; then it was gradually extended to other sectors of society, including the public. The research object of this article – is free movement of workers in the public sector. The author of this article pursues to reveal similarities and differences of free movement of workers in both public and private sectors, highlights legal, administrative and practical obstacles of the implementation of this law. Public sector, in particular, firstly, is seen as the sector in which the creation of various jobs must be identified. Particular attention is paid to the application of the exception in the "work of the civil service" teleological analysis. The measures of the European Commission for the modernization of the sector are also identified.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.ppaa.11.1.1402 ; Per paskutinius 40 metų laisvo darbuotojų judėjimo principas buvo nuolat plėtojamas ir stiprinamas. Ši pagrindinė teisė, pradžioje sukurta ekonomiškai aktyviems darbo rinkos dalyviams, buvo palaipsniui išplėsta į kitus visuomenės sektorius, tarp jų ir viešąjį. Šio straipsnio mokslinio tyrimo objektas – darbuotojų judėjimas viešajame sektoriuje. Autorius siekia atskleisti laisvo darbuotojų judėjimo viešajame ir privačiame sektoriuose skirtumus ir ypatumus, išryškinti teisines, administracines ir praktines šios teisės įgyvendinimo kliūtis. Viešasis sektorius, kaip ir privatus, kuria darbo vietas, į kurias gali pretenduoti ir migrantai. Ypatingas dėmesys skiriamas išimties taikymo "darbui valstybės tarnyboje" analizei. Identifi-kuojamos Europos Komisijos priemonės, modernizuojant šį sektorių.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.ppaa.11.1.1402

Over past 40 years the principle of free movement of workers has been continuously developed and strengthened. At the beginning this fundamental right was formed for the economically active participants of labour market; then it was gradually extended to other sectors of society, including the public. The research object of this article – is free movement of workers in the public sector. The author of this article pursues to reveal similarities and differences of free movement of workers in both public and private sectors, highlights legal, administrative and practical obstacles of the implementation of this law. Public sector, in particular, firstly, is seen as the sector in which the creation of various jobs must be identified. Particular attention is paid to the application of the exception in the "work of the civil service" teleological analysis. The measures of the European Commission for the modernization of the sector are also identified.

Over past 40 years the principle of free movement of workers has been continuously developed and strengthened. At the beginning this fundamental right was formed for the economically active participants of labour market; then it was gradually extended to other sectors of society, including the public. The research object of this article – is free movement of workers in the public sector. The author of this article pursues to reveal similarities and differences of free movement of workers in both public and private sectors, highlights legal, administrative and practical obstacles of the implementation of this law. Public sector, in particular, firstly, is seen as the sector in which the creation of various jobs must be identified. Particular attention is paid to the application of the exception in the "work of the civil service" teleological analysis. The measures of the European Commission for the modernization of the sector are also identified.

Today, in terms of policy as a fundamental phenomenon, often associate with the concept of bureaucracy in two definitions good and bad. Austria's government structure has some unique features, which is important to analyze, given the fact that the Republic of Lithuania in this field must learn. One of the most important principles in Austria is social partnership, which is accompanied by a democratic political factors and a long history of development. The Republic of Austria joined in the EU since 1995 (Lithuania -- in 2004), so the experience and practice of this country is an example for other in local government system is appropriate and purposeful. The Government in the Republic of Lithuania wants to improve the management of the institutional capacity, to manage effectively budget funds, to improve public services for citizens. It is true that the government does not always succeed in achieving those objectives, which are named in the Government program and strategic direction setting of development of Lithuanian documents. Perhaps the most important reason -- undemocratic states and the public in the past. Today's fundamental consequence of the Republic of Austria is extremely stable polar state. They noticed a number of political changes in countries that are now gaining political experience. To assess the stability of the Republic of Austria with local political context, it is important to review the country's legal framework, practical application of the active participation of citizens and local institutions. The main Austrian political system of local government in respect of properties are summarized and analyzed in this article.

Over past 40 years the principle of free movement of workers has been continuously developed and strengthened. At the beginning this fundamental right was formed for the economically active participants of labour market; then it was gradually extended to other sectors of society, including the public. The research object of this article – is free movement of workers in the public sector. The author of this article pursues to reveal similarities and differences of free movement of workers in both public and private sectors, highlights legal, administrative and practical obstacles of the implementation of this law. Public sector, in particular, firstly, is seen as the sector in which the creation of various jobs must be identified. Particular attention is paid to the application of the exception in the "work of the civil service" teleological analysis. The measures of the European Commission for the modernization of the sector are also identified.

Today, in terms of policy as a fundamental phenomenon, often associate with the concept of bureaucracy in two definitions good and bad. Austria's government structure has some unique features, which is important to analyze, given the fact that the Republic of Lithuania in this field must learn. One of the most important principles in Austria is social partnership, which is accompanied by a democratic political factors and a long history of development. The Republic of Austria joined in the EU since 1995 (Lithuania -- in 2004), so the experience and practice of this country is an example for other in local government system is appropriate and purposeful. The Government in the Republic of Lithuania wants to improve the management of the institutional capacity, to manage effectively budget funds, to improve public services for citizens. It is true that the government does not always succeed in achieving those objectives, which are named in the Government program and strategic direction setting of development of Lithuanian documents. Perhaps the most important reason -- undemocratic states and the public in the past. Today's fundamental consequence of the Republic of Austria is extremely stable polar state. They noticed a number of political changes in countries that are now gaining political experience. To assess the stability of the Republic of Austria with local political context, it is important to review the country's legal framework, practical application of the active participation of citizens and local institutions. The main Austrian political system of local government in respect of properties are summarized and analyzed in this article.

Over past 40 years the principle of free movement of workers has been continuously developed and strengthened. At the beginning this fundamental right was formed for the economically active participants of labour market; then it was gradually extended to other sectors of society, including the public. The research object of this article – is free movement of workers in the public sector. The author of this article pursues to reveal similarities and differences of free movement of workers in both public and private sectors, highlights legal, administrative and practical obstacles of the implementation of this law. Public sector, in particular, firstly, is seen as the sector in which the creation of various jobs must be identified. Particular attention is paid to the application of the exception in the "work of the civil service" teleological analysis. The measures of the European Commission for the modernization of the sector are also identified.

uropean Union is facing challenges of ageing societies and changes in structure of economy, thus labour shortages turn into an urgent issue that ultimately affects labour market sustainability. In its attempt to recruit highly qualified workers EU has strong international competitors, e.g. USA, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and pursues a variety of initiatives at national level of the Member States and at the EU level in general. This article aims at assessing the EU policies related to migration of highly qualified workers. Statistical data analysis has revealed that labour mobility is increasing in EU. Thus the EU Mobility directive could be evaluated as bringing benefits, yet with a room for improvement, because highly qualified workers still make up just a small part in all the mobile citizens' population. National initiatives are more effective in fostering the migration of highly qualified workers, but this has the threat of unequal benefits in different EU regions; the effectiveness of EU Blue Card initiative is weak but with a high potential, thus it needs further improvements in its issuing policies.

In today's world, growing cultural integration has a direct impact on the development of tourism, which is important from the economic as well as the social, political or ecological perspective. Given the rapid expansion of tourism on the global market and the ever-increasing competitiveness of the tourism sector, it is important to assess the state of the tourism sector in Lithuania and determine the potential for its development. The results of the qualitative research have demonstrated that the policy options that could allow for the smooth development of Lithuanian tourism have eluded clear identification owing to the less than appropriate regulation of this area and the absence of effective tourism management. It has been discovered that the legal framework so far remains underdeveloped. In addition, when it comes to tourism policy management, the relevant functions tend to not be performed properly. Moreover, there is a lack of cooperation among the institutions responsible for tourism coordination or otherwise indirectly connected to the area, whereas cooperation between the local and the national level is minimal. This shows that a number of areas may require improvement in order for the country's tourism development policy to become more effective. However, if the country manages to perform a targeted elimination of the problematic areas and makes proper use of its strengths and existing potential in the tourism sector, such as the favorable geographical location, a well-developed sector of tourism-related services, rich recreational resources, or an attractive ratio between the quality and price of tourism products, the effective development of tourism in Lithuania will become possible in the long term.