Suchergebnisse

"Deliberate self-harm"— acts of self-poisoning (overdosing) or self-injury (e.g., cutting) that do not result in death — has historically provoked a moral judgment in those professionals who treat it. Such judgments negatively value the act of self-harm and lead to the discriminatory treatment of self-harmers in accident and emergency departments and upon psychiatric wards. This article argues that the treatment of self-harmers in such environments has its origins in a "moral code" that negatively values the act of self-harm in comparison to (a) suicide, (b) the accident victim, and (c) individuals considered to be "genuinely" physically ill. The article fulfi lls two functions. First, it tracks the history of "medicine's moral code" as it surrounds self-harm in the British context during the period 1950–2000. Then it turns to examine the ways in which patients groups — so-called psychiatric survivors — resisted such discriminatory treatment in the period 1988 –2000. Such resistance, the article concludes, creates the opportunity for a democratic dialogue to develop between patient groups and service providers that could potentially ameliorate the deleterious effects of medicine's moral code. The article's tone is polemical and is expressly written from a perspective sympathetic to the political claims of "survivors," which the authors conclude forms a central component in the development of democratic practices within medicine and psychiatry.

Defined both in an individual and in a social or cultural context, identity is a historical phenomenon; a consistent, complete sense of identity develops in the historical process. Social relations created by historical conditions shape Turkish identity, just like other collective identities. Revealed as one of the oldest nations in history, Turkish identity has also been shaped by the amalgamation of the effects created by the rule of law in the collective consciousness. Despite the fact that the length of the historical process makes it difficult to clearly identify the stages of the adventure, when studying Turkish identity it is necessary to look at the Ottoman Empire, which is a prerequisite for the modern Turkish state, and the self-identification of the society that feels belonging to the above state. Indeed, it is not very wrong to associate the phenomenon of identity as a topic of discussion with the relationship of the Ottoman state with the modern nation states of the West. In this context, it would be appropriate to touch upon the perception of identity in the Ottoman Empire.

The article examines the problems of the population of the residential areas of the city of Bishkek based on the sociological study. An expert survey carried out in four districts of Bishkek is presented. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, more than 50 new residential areas appeared in the city. Naturally, new residential areas do not have sufficient infrastructure for the population to this day. The current situation with internal migrants in Kyrgyzstan violates the regional demographic balance and the rational distribution of the population across the country. The population is moving actively at the interdistrict and interregional levels. As a result, the main influx of internal migrants moves to Bishkek and Chui Region. The problem of researching the state of the new residential areas in Bishkek is relevant for modern Kyrgyzstan. However, the official statistical base does not cover all citizens living in new buildings, since most residents do not have a residence registration in the area. 75–80 % of the population does not have education and health services. In many residential areas, social facilities, roads, and communications have not been built yet, and the infrastructure as a whole is not developed. Ignoring the issue on the part of the state can lead to a social explosion, expressed by protest actions, exacerbation of social and interregional conflicts among residents of the given area. Based on this, it was necessary to conduct an expert survey among the representatives of the municipal territorial authorities of each district. The main problems of residents of the new residential areas were studied as much as possible.

Сегодня перед преподавателями младших курсов стоит задача – обучать студентов таким образом, чтобы они были способны обнаруживать новые проблемы и задачи, находить пути их решения, могли пластично и быстро реагировать на изменяющиеся условия. Достичь хорошего результата в выполнении этой задачи можно в условиях реализации инновационного подхода в обучении, обеспечивающего переход на продуктивно-творческий уровень. Этого можно достичь при помощи разнообразных технологий, включая информационно– коммуникационные. Уже на первом курсе при активном использовании ИКТ (информационно-коммуникативные технологии) удачнее достигаются общие цели образования, намного легче формируются компетенции в области коммуникации: умение собирать факты, сопоставлять их, организовывать, выражать свои мысли в устной форме и на бумаге, логически рассуждать, слушать и понимать письменную и устную речь, делать выбор и принимать решения, открывать что-то новое. Занятия с использованием ИКТ являются одним из самых важных результатов инновационной работы в высших учебных заведениях (в том числе и в средних общеобразовательных учреждениях). Практически на любом занятии можно применить компьютерные технологии. Важно одно – найти ту грань, которая позволит сделать данное занятие по-настоящему развивающим и познавательным. Использование информационных технологий позволяет преподавателям осуществить задуманное, сделать занятие современным. Использование компьютерных технологий в процессе обучения влияет на рост профессиональной компетентности преподавателя. Оно способствует значительному повышению качества образования, что ведёт к решению главной задачи образовательной политики. Используя информационные технологии, мы вынуждены акцентировать внимание на логику подачи учебного материала, что положительно влияет на уровень знаний обучающихся. Кроме этого, применение ИКТ содействует формированию познавательного интереса студентов и способности оперировать полученными знаниями. Благодаря компьютеру, за очень короткие сроки можно развивать грамматический строй, пополнить словарный запас, формировать связную речь, восполнить пробелы в развитии звуковой стороны речи, развивать орфографическую зоркость. Всё это повышает грамотность. У студентов развивается навык самоконтроля и самостоятельной деятельности, повышается интерес к процессу обучения. Благодаря оптимальным методам обучения и современной технике преподаватель предоставляет возможность каждому студенту «путешествовать» по миру знаний, подобно тому, как он совершает путешествие по игровым сценам какой-нибудь интересной игры, что даёт новый мощный импульс для формирования самостоятельной познавательной активности. ; Today, junior teachers are faced with the task of teaching students in such a way that they are able to discover new problems and tasks, find ways to solve them, and can flexibly and quickly respond to changing conditions. It is possible to achieve a good result in the performance of this task in the context of the implementation of an innovative approach to teaching, which ensures the transition to a productive and creative level. This can be achieved using a variety of technologies, including information and communication technologies. Already in the first year, with the active use of ICT (information and communication technologies), the general goals of education are more successfully achieved, competencies in the field of communication are much easier formed: the ability to collect facts, compare them, organize, express one's thoughts orally and on paper, reason logically, listen and understand written and spoken language, make choices and decisions, discover something new. Classes using ICT are one of the most important results of innovative work in higher educational institutions (including secondary educational institutions). Computer technology can be used in almost any class. One thing is important - to find the line that will make this lesson truly developing and cognitive. The use of information technology allows teachers to implement their plans, to make the lesson modern. The use of computer technologies in the learning process affects the growth of the teacher's professional competence. It contributes to a significant improvement in the quality of education, which leads to the solution of the main task of educational policy. Using information technologies, we are forced to focus on the logic of presentation of educational material, which has a positive effect on the level of knowledge of students. In addition, the use of ICT contributes to the formation of the cognitive interest of students and the ability to operate with the acquired knowledge. As a result of using a computer, in a very short time you can develop grammatical structure, replenish vocabulary, form coherent speech, fill in the gaps in the development of the sound side of speech, and develop spelling vigilance. All of this increases literacy. Students develop the skill of self-control and independent activity, and their interest in the learning process increases. Due to the optimal teaching methods and modern technology, the teacher provides the opportunity for each student to "travel" through the world of knowledge, just as he travels through the game scenes of some interesting game, which gives a new powerful impetus for the formation of independent cognitive activity. ; Günümüzde akademisyenler ve üniversite öğrencileri yeni sorunları ve görevleri keşfetme, bunları çözmenin yollarını bulma, değişen koşullara esnek ve hızlı cevap verebilecek şekilde eğitme göreviyle karşı karşıyadır. Bu görevin yerine getirilmesinde iyi bir sonuç elde etmek, eğitimde yenilikçi bir yaklaşımın uygulanması koşuluyla, üretken ve yaratıcı bir seviyeye geçişi mümkün kılar. Bu, bilgi ve iletişim teknolojileri dâhil olmak üzere çeşitli teknolojiler kullanılarak gerçekleştirilebilir. Üniversitelerin birinci sınıflarında, BİT'in (bilgi ve iletişim teknolojileri) aktif kullanımıyla, eğitimin genel hedeflerine daha başarılı bir şekilde ulaşmak mümkün, iletişim alanındaki yeterliliklerin oluşturulması ise çok daha kolaydır: gerçekleri toplama, karşılaştırma, düzenleme, kişinin düşüncelerini sözlü ve kâğıt üzerinde ifade etme, mantıksal olarak konuşmak, yazılı ve sözlü konuşmayı dinlemek ve anlamak, seçimler yapmak ve kararlar vermek, yeni bir şey keşfetmek. BİT kullanan dersler, yükseköğretim kurumlarında (orta öğretim kurumları da dâhil olmak üzere) yenilikçi çalışmanın en önemli sonuçlarından biridir. Hemen hemen her derste bilgisayar teknolojisi kullanılabilir. Bu bağlamda şu nokta önemlidir: bu dersi gerçekten geliştirecek ve bilişsel hale getirecek çizgiyi bulmak. Bilgi teknolojisinin kullanımı, öğretmenlerin dersi modern hale getirmek için planlarını uygulamalarına izin verir. Öğrenme sürecinde bilgisayar teknolojisinin kullanılması öğretmenin mesleki yeterliliğinin büyümesini etkiler. Eğitimin kalitesinde önemli bir iyileşmeye katkıda bulunur ve bu da eğitim politikasının ana görevinin çözümüne yol açar. Bilgi teknolojilerini kullanarak, öğrencilerin bilgi düzeylerini olumlu yönde etkileyen eğitim materyalinin sunum mantığına odaklanmak zorunda kalıyoruz. Buna ek olarak, BİT kullanımı öğrencilerin bilişsel ilgisinin oluşumunu ve edinilen bilgiyi kullanma yeteneğini teşvik eder. Bilgisayar sayesinde, bir öğrencini, çok kısa sürede dilbilgisi yapısını geliştirebilir, kelime dağarcığını yenileyebilir, tutarlı konuşma oluşturabilme yönünü tayin edebilir, konuşmanın ses tarafının gelişimindeki boşluklarını doldurabilir ve yazım dikkatini geliştirebilirsiniz. Bütün bunlar okuryazarlığı artırır. Öğrenciler kendi kendini kontrol etme ve kendi kendine çalışma becerilerini geliştirir ve böylelikle de öğrenme sürecine olan ilgi artar.

The article presents analyses of the main causes of the increase in the number of social orphans in Kyrgyzstan. Based on the materials of a sociological research, conducted by the initiative of the Ministry of Social Development of the Kyrgyz Republic in 2016, it was revealed that 99.5% of social orphans live in orphanages. For a child who grew up without a family, the agents of socialization are: zhamaat (community), peers and educators of orphanages. Today, as never before, social orphans need in orphanages and boarding schools. Due to the lack of contacts with parents, many social orphans have an incorrect understanding of different social roles. The lack of such contacts leads to difficulties in socialization and adaptation in society. Besides, inmates of orphanages have changes in social relations, a weak self-confidence, a decrease in targeting, and etc.

International labour standards ensure a just transition to a green economy. They provide the legal foundation to deal with social issues of the green economy, and can promote decent working conditions in green sectors. Some countries are integrating decent work agenda in their environmental legislation. Social dialogue can help a transition to sustainable economies. It can prevent and reduce the environmental impact of enterprises, and improve working conditions, as appropriate environmental regulations and practices also help to prevent and minimize risks to worker health

The paper hinges primarily on the problem of the object's spatial foundations in the design of urban environ-ment. In order to clarify the concepts of "space" and "place" the content analysis of works reflecting the spatial turn in the field of sociology, culturology, cultural geography and urbanism is carried out. Space and place are considered as concepts of modernism and postmodernism design culture, as well as objects of modern archi-tectural and design practice and the main concepts of new urbanism. Based on the conducted analysis, the environment as an object of design is concretized as a concept of "place" – a space that is filled with meaning, semantics, emotional and sensory experiences, and has vital value. This work proposes a theoretical model of an object in the design of urban environment, which possesses the potential of connecting the sociocultural space of the city with the morphology, semantics and phenomenology of the place.

The purpose of this paper is to identify modern forms and methods of interaction between a museum and a tourist visitor in new socio-cultural and economic contexts. Museum as a socio-cultural institution is subject to changes occurring in society and reflects in its activities those rules, demands and values that are relevant for a particular period of history. The spread of market relations in the socio-cultural sphere and the processes of digitalization, accelerated during the COVID-19 pandemic, are directly reflected in the activities of museums. Today, the museum is transforming from a creator and interpreter of scientific knowledge and a guardian of cultural values into an industry that creates a special environment for visitors. Reorientation towards the individual visitor as the main consumer of the museum tourism product poses new issues and challenges for museums. Thus, in the context of individualization of consumer demand, the issue of "including" the museum in the economy of impressions with its emphasis on emotional information, personal experiences of a person and creation of his/her personal experience becomes relevant. Within the framework of the communication approach, the authors of the article investigate the practices of using the basic principles of the impression economy to create a competitive product and build a dialogue between the tourist and the museum on its basis. The latter becomes important in the light of the formation of the visitor's loyalty to the cultural identity of the city and the region where the museum is located. The application of the system approach allowed to identify general and private practices of museum service in the conditions of a new model of consumption, oriented to meet the increasing demands of the individual tourist. The materials of the article can not only be used in the theoretical and applied activities of museums, but also serve as an analytical basis for regional and municipal state structures in the development of effective programmes and strategies for tourism development.

Abstract: This study explores corporate social responsibility (CSR) narratives in the former Soviet nation of Kazakhstan using a mixed-method approach. Content analysis of local media treatment of CSR reveals that a worker welfare narrative, a keystone of the Soviet era, dominates coverage. Our survey of Kazakhstani citizens demonstrates that the same narrative is reflected in public understandings of CSR. We suggest that the construction of CSR narratives to closely reflect cultural patterns and historical legacies in posttransitional economies may curtail valuable discussion on how companies can best serve society. That is, the cultural familiarity built into CSR discourse renders it highly acceptable and thereby serves to avert further questioning of corporate practices such as the corruption that is currently widespread. This finding raises ethical concerns around how companies may design their CSR narratives with culturally familiar discursive modes specifically to shield themselves from criticism.

At the heart of the reforms being carried out in the new Uzbekistan today are young people and their intellectual potential. The President of our country said, "We must pay special attention to the active participation of young people in the democratic process in the life of our country, to increase their political and social potential."[1] This article discusses the issues of inculcating the national spirit in the lives of adolescents, the impact of advertising on their psychology. [1] Sh.M.Mirziyoev The work of a nation with great intentions is also great, its life is bright and its future is prosperous. Tashkent. NMIU "Uzbekistan" 2019. P-386

Over the past decade, integrated landscape (–seascape) approaches—IL(S)As—have been gaining prominence as holistic, collaborative, and tangible solutions to biodiversity conservation and sustainability challenges. On-the-ground implementation of IL(S)As, however, is a complex task. The Xinshe "Forest–River–Village–Ocean" Eco-Agriculture Initiative (the Xinshe Initiative), established in October 2016 and facilitated by the authors, is an ILSA aimed at the socio-ecological revitalisation of the Xinshe ridge-to-reef landscape–seascape in eastern coastal Taiwan. The objective of this paper is to summarise and demonstrate our experiences with facilitating the Xinshe Initiative over the five-year period (2016–2021). This is a case study participatory action research based on mixed qualitative methods of data collection and analysis. Research findings reveal the importance of: (1) locally sensitive boundary setting and checking by the means of inclusive and participatory processes; (2) various facilitation tools and engagement strategies for the continuity of multi-stakeholder interest and engagement; (3) five socio-ecological perspectives of the Satoyama Initiative for determining environmental and socio-economic objectives; (4) regular, consistent, and locally sensitive monitoring and evaluation tools for the effectiveness of adaptive co-management; and (5) enabling conditions (relational, knowledge, and political resources) for promoting the Xinshe ILSA-related experiences "from -scape to scale".